jquery ajax调用WCF，采用System.ServiceModel.WSHttpBinding协议

采用System.ServiceModel.WSHttpBinding或者basicHttpBinding 协议。客户端就不能直接在前端通过url直接访问服务了

它是基于SOAP协议的bing，会采用WSDL、XSD语言描述服务，你可以在客户端添加服务，通过使用客户端代理调用服务

例子效果如下，点击按钮通过服务获取数据，并把数据添加到table里面

1、定义契约以及自定义类型User

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.Data;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace IContract
{
    [ServiceContract]
    [ServiceKnownType(typeof(User))]  //为了客户端可以生成对应的类
    public interface IContract
    {
        [OperationContract]
        [WebInvoke(RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        double Add(double x, double y);

        [OperationContract]
        [WebInvoke(RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        string Hello(string mes);

        [OperationContract]
        [ServiceKnownType(typeof(User))]
        [WebInvoke(RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        IList<User> getlist();

    }

    [Serializable]
    [DataContract]
    [ServiceKnownType(typeof(User))]  //为了客户端可以生成对应的类
    public class User
    {
        [DataMember]
        public string Name{get;set;}
        [DataMember]
        public int Age { get; set; }
    }
}

　　2、实现服务

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation;
using System.Text;
using IContract;

namespace DBService
{
    public class DBService:IContract.IContract
    {
        public double Add(double x, double y)
        {
            return x+y;
        }

        public string Hello(string mes)
        {
            return "holle word:" + mes;
        }

        public IList<User> getlist()
        {
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            dt.Columns.Add("Name");
            dt.Columns.Add("Age",typeof(System.Int32));
            dt.Rows.Add("joe", "20");
            dt.Rows.Add("ethan", "25");
            dt.Rows.Add("jane", "36");
            IList<User> lst = dt.ToList<User>();
            return lst;
        }
    }

    public static class Extension
    {
        public static IList<T> ToList<T>(this DataTable dt)
        {
            var lst = new List<T>();
            var plist = new List<System.Reflection.PropertyInfo>(typeof(T).GetProperties());
            foreach (DataRow item in dt.Rows)
            {
                T t = System.Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
                for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    PropertyInfo info = plist.Find(p => p.Name == dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                    if (info != null)
                    {
                        if (!Convert.IsDBNull(item[i]))
                        {
                            info.SetValue(t, item[i], null);
                        }
                    }
                }
                lst.Add(t);
            }
            return lst;
        }

    }

}

　　

3、开启服务

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;

namespace WCFHost
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            StartService();
            //open();
        }

        private static void StartService()
        {
            try
            {
                ServiceHost host1 = new ServiceHost(typeof(DBService.DBService));
                host1.Opened += host_Opened;
                host1.Open();
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw e;
            }
        }

        static void host_Opened(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("DBService opened successful");
        }

        //代码方式开启服务，此时要删除配置文件
        static void open()
        {
            Uri uri = new Uri("http://localhost:8883/DBServer");

            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(DBService.DBService), uri))
            {
                //定义元数据发布方式，此处  通过在服务所在的URL后加“?wsdl”的方式公布WSDL，可直接通过HTTP访问得到。
                System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataBehavior behavior = new System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataBehavior();
                //此处没有定义mex终结点，必须设置HttpGetEnabled为true，否则客户端无法访问服务
                behavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;
                host.Description.Behaviors.Add(behavior);

                //添加终结点
                ServiceEndpoint endpoint = host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IContract.IContract), new WSHttpBinding(), string.Empty);

                host.Opened += host_Opened;
                host.Open();
                Console.ReadLine();

            }
        }
    }
}

　　4、配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true"></compilation>
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="metadataBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />  <!--以wsdl方式发布，因为没有mex终结点，此处必须设置为true，-->
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    <endpointBehaviors>
    </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <!--注意此处name必须与第三步服务的命名空间一致-->
      <service behaviorConfiguration="metadataBehavior" name="DBService.DBService">
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding"  contract="IContract.IContract" ></endpoint>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://127.0.0.1:8883/DBServer"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

　　5、客户端添加服务，注意点，因为WCF默认 .NET collections 对象会以数组传递，为了传递我们自定义的List<User>,

需要在引用服务时设置DataType的collection type为System.Collections.Generic.List

可以在添加时，通过高级选项设置，对于已有的可以通过服务配置设置

添加服务会自动生成客户端代理及配置文件，如下：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>

    <system.web>
      <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
    </system.web>

    <system.serviceModel>
        <bindings>
            <wsHttpBinding>
                <binding name="WSHttpBinding_IContract" />
            </wsHttpBinding>
        </bindings>
        <client>
            <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:8883/DBServer" binding="wsHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IContract" contract="ServiceReference1.IContract"
                name="WSHttpBinding_IContract">
                <identity>
                    <userPrincipalName value="xiaochun-zhai@mercer.com" />
                </identity>
            </endpoint>
        </client>
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

　　6、后端代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace WebAjax
{
    public partial class WebForm1 : System.Web.UI.Page
    {

        [WebMethod]
        public static string SayHello()
        {
            return "Hello Ajax!";
        }

        [WebMethod]
        public static IList<ServiceReference1.User> getlist()
        {
            ServiceReference1.ContractClient client = new ServiceReference1.ContractClient();
            IList<ServiceReference1.User> lst = client.getlist();
            return lst;
        }
    }
}

　　7、前端代码

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebAjax.WebForm1" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
    <script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //1、调用后台方法SayHello
        $(function () {
            $("#btnOK").click(function () {
                $.ajax({
                    //要用post方式
                    type: "Post",
                    //方法所在页面和方法名
                    url: "WebForm1.aspx/SayHello",
                    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                    dataType: "json",
                    success: function (data) {
                        //返回的数据用data.d获取内容
                        alert(data.d);
                    },
                    error: function (err) {
                        alert(err);
                    }
                });

                //禁用按钮的提交
                return false;
            });
        });

        //2、调用后台方法获取数据添加到table后面
        $(function () {
            $("#BtnGetList").click(function () {
                $.ajax({
                    //要用post方式
                    type: "Post",
                    //方法所在页面和方法名
                    url: "WebForm1.aspx/getlist",
                    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                    dataType: "json",
                    success: function (data) {
                        //返回的数据用data.d获取内容
                        var html = "";
                        $.each(data.d, function (index, item) {
                            var name = item.Name;
                            var age = item.Age;
                            html += "<tr><td>" + name + "</td><td>" + age + "</td></tr>";
                        });
                        $("table tr:eq(0)").after(html);
                    },
                    error: function (err) {
                        alert(err);
                    }
                });

                //禁用按钮的提交
                return false;
            });
        });

    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <button id="btnOK">SayHello to backend</button>
        <button id="BtnGetList">GetList from backend</button>
        <br />
        <br />
        <table id="mytable">
            <tr>
                <td>Name</td>
                <td>Age</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Name</td>
                <td>Age</td>
            </tr>
        </table>
        <br />
        <br />

    </div>
</body>
</html>

　　

8、 源代码

9、参考

WCF 笔记 (2) - 传输泛型 List 对象

webHttpBinding、basicHttpBinding和wsHttpBinding区别