STC15W408AS简单使用教程-简单的光强检测！

第一步：搭建开发环境

安装最新版本的STC_ISP程序烧录软件，链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1slLPnOD 密码：6bov

安装keil C51的51系列单片机集成IDE软件，链接：https://www.keil.com/c51/demo/eval/c51.htm

安装串口程序，链接：http://rj.baidu.com/soft/detail/27520.html?ald

安装Altium Designer，链接：http://www.mr-wu.cn/altium-designer-16-ad16-full-crack-baidu-pan-share/

安装CH340的驱动程序，链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvG7Mlz 密码：b0ka

第二步：绘制完整的PCB版图

          

手工焊好的洞洞板（注意这里的问题：串口的电源不要给芯片供电哟~）：                                                                                     原件清单：

    

第三部：编写程序

main.c主程序：

 #include <STC15W.h>
 #include <intrins.h>
 #include <BandGap.H>
 #include "USART.h"

 void main (void)
 {
     uint ADC_Res=;
     int i = ;
     float Voltage = 0.0;

     Delay20ms();
   InitADC();
     Usart1_init();
     P1n_standard();
     SendString("STC15W408AS\r\nFlux Detect!\r\n");
   while ()
   {
         //P10 = 0;
         //delay_500ms();
         for(i=;i<;i++)
         {
             ADC_Res += GetADCResult();
             Delay20ms();
         }
         //P10 = 1;
         delay_s();
         ADC_Res = ADC_Res/;
         Voltage = ((float)ADC_Res)/1024.0*5.0;
         SendNumber(Voltage);
         ADC_Res = ;
   }
 }

STC15W头文件上传到了我的博客园文件盘当中：http://files.cnblogs.com/files/uestc-mm/STC15W.rar

ADC模块程序：

 #include <STC15W.h>
 #include <intrins.h>

 #define  uchar unsigned char
 #define uint  unsigned int
 unsigned int v;
 //ADCÏà¹ØÉ趨²ÎÊý
 #define ADC_POWER   0x80            //ADCµçÔ´¿ØÖÆλ
 #define ADC_FLAG    0x10            //ADCÍê³É±êÖ¾
 #define ADC_START   0x08            //ADCÆðʼ¿ØÖÆλ
 #define ADC_SPEEDLL 0x00            //540¸öʱÖÓ
 #define ADC_SPEEDL  0x20            //360¸öʱÖÓ
 #define ADC_SPEEDH  0x40            //180¸öʱÖÓ
 #define ADC_SPEEDHH 0x60            //90¸öʱÖÓ

 #define ID_ADDR_ROM 0x1ff7      //8K³ÌÐò¿Õ¼äµÄMCU

 void Delay20ms()        //@12.000MHz
 {
     unsigned char i, j, k;

     _nop_();
     _nop_();
     i = ;
     j = ;
     k = ;
     do
     {
         do
         {
             while (--k);
         } while (--j);
     } while (--i);
 }

 void delay_500ms(void)
 {
     int i=;
     for(;i>;i--)
     {
         Delay20ms();
     }
 }

 void delay_s(char N)
 {
     char i=;
     for(i=;i<N;i++)
     {
         delay_500ms();
         delay_500ms();
     }
 }
 /*----------------------------
 ³õʼ»¯ADC
 ----------------------------*/
 void InitADC()
 {
        P1ASF = 0x02;                   //ÉèÖÃP1¿ÚΪAD¿Ú  P1.1½Ó¿ÚΪADCÊäÈë½Ó¿Ú
     ADC_RES = ;                    //Çå³ý½á¹û¼Ä´æÆ÷
     ADC_CONTR = ADC_POWER | ADC_SPEEDLL;
     Delay20ms();
 }
 /*----------------------------
 ¶ÁÈ¡ADC½á¹û
 ----------------------------*/
 uint GetADCResult(uchar ch)
 {
     uint ADC_10BIT_RES;
     ADC_CONTR = ADC_POWER | ADC_SPEEDLL | ch | ADC_START;
     _nop_();                        //µÈ´ý4¸öNOP
     _nop_();
     _nop_();
     _nop_();
     while (!(ADC_CONTR & ADC_FLAG));//µÈ´ýADCת»»Íê³É
     ADC_CONTR &= ~ADC_FLAG;         //¹Ø±Õ ADC
     ADC_10BIT_RES=ADC_RES;      //µÃµ½¸ß8λ
     ADC_10BIT_RES<<=;
     ADC_10BIT_RES+=ADC_RESL;     //µÃµ½µÍ2λ
     return ADC_10BIT_RES;                 //·µ»ØADC½á¹û

 }

 /*----------------------------
 ·¢ËÍADC½á¹û
 ----------------------------*/
 void ShowResult(uchar ch)
 {
     uint adc_res10,//²âÁ¿É趨ͨµÀadcÖµ
     bandgap,       //bandgapÔ¤´¢´æУ׼ֵ£¬µ¥Î»ºÁ·ü
     adc_9gallery_res; //²âÁ¿µÚ¾ÅͨµÀ£¨bandgap£©Öµ
     float power_voltage,        //ϵͳ¹©µçµçѹ£¬µ¥Î»ºÁ·ü
     ADC_voltage;     //É趨ͨµÀµçѹֵ£¬µ¥Î»ºÁ·ü

     uchar  code *cptr; //¶¨ÒåROM(´úÂë)ÇøÖ¸Õë
     //uchar  idata *iptr;//¶¨ÒåRAM(ÄÚ´æ)ÇøÖ¸Õë

     cptr = ID_ADDR_ROM;         //´Ó³ÌÐòÇø¶ÁÈ¡BandGapµçѹֵ(µ¥Î»:ºÁ·ümV)
     bandgap=*cptr++;
     bandgap<<=;
     bandgap+=*cptr;
     /*iptr = ID_ADDR_RAM;         //´ÓÄÚ´æÇø¶ÁÈ¡BandGapµçѹֵ(µ¥Î»:ºÁ·ümV)
     bandgap=*iptr++;              //Á½ÖÖ·½·¨½á¹ûÒ»Ñù£¬ÉÏÃæµÄ·½·¨ÐèÒªÔÚÏÂÔØʽ¹´Ñ¡"ÔÚIDºÅÇ°Ìí¼ÓÖØÒª²âÊÔ²ÎÊý"Ñ¡Ïî,²Å¿ÉÔÚ³ÌÐòÖлñÈ¡´Ë²ÎÊý
     bandgap<<=8;                  //ÏÂÃæµÄ·½·¨²»ÐèÒª
     bandgap+=*iptr;    */
     //²âÁ¿É趨ͨµÀadcÖµ
     ADC_RES = ;                    //Çå³ý½á¹û¼Ä´æÆ÷
     P1ASF = 0x80;                   //ÉèÖÃP1¿ÚΪAD¿Ú
     GetADCResult(ch);
     GetADCResult(ch);                 //¶ÁÈý´Î»ñµÃÎȶ¨
     adc_res10= GetADCResult(ch);
     //²âÁ¿µÚ¾ÅͨµÀ£¨bandgap£©Öµ
     ADC_RES = ;                    //Çå³ý½á¹û¼Ä´æÆ÷
     P1ASF = 0x00;                   //ÉèÖöÁµÚ¾ÅͨµÀ
     GetADCResult();                 //²âbandgapʱ£¬µ÷Óô˺¯ÊýʱͨµÀÊýÖ»ÄÜÌî0
     GetADCResult();                 //¶ÁÈý´Î»ñµÃÎȶ¨
     adc_9gallery_res=GetADCResult();
     //¼ÆËãϵͳ¹©µçµçѹ
     power_voltage=(float)bandgap*/adc_9gallery_res;
     //¼ÆËãADCͨµÀ²âµÃµçѹֵ
     ADC_voltage=(float)bandgap*adc_res10/adc_9gallery_res;
     v=ADC_voltage;
     v=v*;
 }

USART模块程序：

 /* 

 SBUF: UART1 uses register SBUF (address:99H) to hold both the received and transmitted data passing through pins RxD and TxD.all have two in the chip, one for transmit and the other for receive(OK)

 PCON&SCON:Serial port 1 of STC15 series has two control registers: Serial port control register (SCON) and PCONwhich used to select Baud-Rate
 SCON:SM0  SM1  Mode  BaudRate
             0    1     1  (T1 or T2)/4 (OK)
             0    0     0   SYSclk/12
 PCON:
 B7-SMOD
  0 : Disable double Baud rate of the UART(OK)
  1 : Enable double Baud rate of the UART in mode 1,2,or 3.
 B6-SMOD0
  0 : SCON.7 is SM0 function(OK)
  1 : SCON.7 is FE function. Note that FE will be set after a frame error regardless of the state of SMOD0.

 AUXR:
 B6-T1x12:Timer 1 clock source bit
  0 : The clock source of Timer 1 is SYSclk/12. It will compatible to the traditional 8051 MCU
  1 : The clock source of Timer 1 is SYSclk/1. It will drive the T0 faster than a traditional 8051 MCUIf T1 is used as the baud-rate generator of UART1, T1x12 will decide whether UART1 is 1T or 12T.(OK)
 B0 - S1ST2 : the control bit that UART1 select Timer 2 as its baud-rate generator.
  0 : Select Timer 1 as the baud-rate generator of UART1(OK)
  1 : Select Timer 2 as the baud-rate generator of UART1. Timer 1 is released to use in other functions

 IE:
 B7-EA : disables all interrupts.
  0 : no interrupt will be acknowledged.
  1 : each interrupt source is individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing its enable bit.(OK)
 B4-ES : Serial port 1(UART1) interrupt enable bit.
  0 : Serial port 1(UART1) interrupt would be diabled.
  1 : Serial port 1(UART1) interrupt would be enabled.(OK)

 Timer1 Configuration£º
  #define    Timer1_Load(n)    TH1 = (n)/256,TL1 = (n)%256 Use this sentence to set the T1.So we need to calculate the buad_rate we need£¡

 ×ÛºÏÉÏÊöµÄ¼Ä´æÆ÷µÄÅäÖã¬ÎÒÃǽ«Ñ¡ÔñTimer1À´²úÉúUSART1µÄ²¨ÌØÂʵÄʱÖÓÔ´£¬ÎÒÃÇÑ¡ÔñµÄSerial PortµÄģʽMode=1,µ±Êý¾Ý´«ÊäÍê³Éʱ»á²úÉúÖжϣ¬
 ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¼ì²éÖжÏÏòÁ¿TI(SCON-B1)µÄÖµÀ´ÅжÏÊý¾ÝµÄ´«ÊäÊÇ·ñÍê³É£¬Íê³ÉÔòΪ1£¬Î´Íê³ÉÔòΪ0£ºwhile(TI == 0); --> TI = 0;(²»ÒªÍü¼ÇÇåÁã)

 ÄÇô²¨ÌØÂʵļÆËãÈçÏ£ºBuad_Rate = T1/4
 É趨µÄTimer1ʱÖÓÈçÏ£ºTime_Clk = SYSclk/1
 */
 #include <STC15W.h>
 #include <intrins.h>

 typedef unsigned char BYTE;
 typedef unsigned int WORD;

 #define FOSC 18432000L //System frequency  18.432MHz
 #define BAUD 115200 //UART1 baud-rate

 void Usart1_init(void);
 void SendData(BYTE dat);
 void SendString(char *s);

 void Usart1_init(void)
 {
     SCON  = (SCON & 0x3f) | 0x40; //Ñ¡Ôñusart1µÄmodeΪ1
     S1_USE_P30P31();
     Timer2_1T(); //The clock source of Timer 2 is SYSclk/1.
     Timer2_AsTimer(); // TMOD &= ~(1<<6) ¶¨Ê±Æ÷1ÓÃ×ö¶¨Ê±Æ÷
     S1_BRT_UseTimer2(); //Select Timer 1 as the baud-rate generator
     T2L = ( - (FOSC//BAUD)); //Set the preload value
     T2H = ( - (FOSC//BAUD))>>;
     EA = ;
     ES = ;
     Timer2_Run(); // Æô¶¯¶¨Ê±Æ÷1
 }

 void SendData(BYTE dat)
 {
     SBUF = dat;
     while(!TI);
     TI = ;
 }

 void SendString(char *s)
 {
  while (*s)
  {
      SendData(*s++);
  }
 }

 void SendNumber(float num)
 {
     int a,b;
     a = (int)num;
     b = (int)((num-a)*);
     SendData((unsigned char)(a+));
     SendData('.');
     SendData((unsigned char)(b+));
     SendData('\n');
 }

第五步：下载程序

我用的是CP2102的驱动芯片

                                                            这里是我的选择的设置

注：在这过程中遇到的问题罗列如下

1 下载程序出现BUG：

STC-ISP提示“调整频率无响应”，下载失败的字样，按照官网的步骤意义排查，还是没能解决问题，最后看到宏晶官网的重要提示（参考网站：http://www.stcisp.com/q_and_a_stcisp.html）：

一、（特别注意：烧写点击编程键后，单片机必须断电进行冷启动！）

二、部分USB转串口线会通过RxD/TxD引脚对单片机供电，导致下载时不能彻底断电。可在单片机的TxD引脚串一个二极管(接正极,如图)，使单片机可彻底断电冷启动。（注:若USB转串口芯片共板，不要对USB芯片断电，否则USB转换的串口会消失）

　　三、供电部分最好不要用串口的VCC和GND来连接，直接用单独的电源就好。

2 Keil C51的集成IDE中未能找到STC15W408AS的解决办法（参考网站：http://www.stcmicro.com/wtjd.html）：

*STC 单片机应使用何种编译器/汇编器?

  1任何老的编译器/汇编器都可以支持，流行用Keil C51

  2.把STC单片机，当成Intel的8052/87C52/87C54/87C58,Philips的P87C52/P87C54/P87C58就可以了

  3.如果要用到扩展的专用特殊功能寄存器，直接对该地址单元设置就行了，当然先声明特殊功能寄存器的地址较好

*Keil C51编译器中无STC单片机型号，怎么办?

  1.把STC单片机，当成Intel的8052/87C52/87C54/87C58,Philips的P87C52/P87C54/P87C58就可以了

  2.也可安装STC仿真器的驱动程序，这样就看到型号了.

实验结果：