MySQL5.5安装与多实例

MySQL5.5编译安装

#1.2 cmake软件
cd /home/oldboy/tools/
tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.8
./configure
#CMake has bootstrapped.  Now run gmake.
gmake
gmake install
cd ../

#1.3依赖包
yum install ncurses-devel -y

#1.4创建用户和组
groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql

#1.5解压编译MySQL
tar zxf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.32
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0

#-- Build files have been written to: /home/oldboy/tools/mysql-5.5.32
提示，编译时可配置的选项很多，具体可参考结尾附录或官方文档：
make
#[100%] Built target my_safe_process
make install
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/data
chmod -R 1777 /tmp
cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cd scripts/
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
/bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start

如果上述操作未出现错误，则MySQL5.5.32软件cmake方式的安装就算成功了。

MySQL5.5二进制安装

useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
mkdir /data/tools/ -p
wget http://download.xuliangwei.com/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /data/mysql-5.5.32
ln -s /data/mysql-5.5.32/ /data/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
/data/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db  --basedir=/data/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/ --user=mysql
\cp /data/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/data/mysql#g' /data/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld
\cp /data/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
echo 'export PATH=/data/mysql/bin:$PATH' >/etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh
sh /etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysqladmin password 123456
mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql

#二进制安装详解

1.安装mysql
ls mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /data/mysql-5.5.32
ln -s /data/mysql-5.5.32 /data/mysql
##########相当于编译步骤的make install完成#############

2.创建用户和目录
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/data/

3.初始化数据库
cd /data/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data/
\cp support-files/my-small.cnf  /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/data/mysql#g' /data/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
netstat -lntup|grep mysql
cp -a /data/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
mysqladmin password oldboy123
mysql -uroot -poldboy123

##mysql安装报错

Installing MySQL system tables.../application/mysql//bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方法： yum -y install libaio

/application/mysql//bin/mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/tmp/ibIgpX1g' (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)
2015-09-28 02:53:35 7f5cb05e6720  InnoDB: Error: unable to create temporary file; errno: 13
2015-09-28 02:53:35 1170 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2015-09-28 02:53:35 1170 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2015-09-28 02:53:35 1170 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
2015-09-28 02:53:35 1170 [ERROR] Aborting
解决方法：chmod 1777 /tmp/

##mysql启动报错
Starting MySQL.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]ql/darker.pid).
InnoDB: mmap(137363456 bytes) failed; errno 12
 [ERROR] InnoDB: Cannot allocate memory for the buffer pool
[ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
[ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
[ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
[ERROR] Aborting
解决：vim /etc/my.cnf  innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8M        修改innodb为8M,内存过小导致无法启动

MySQL5.5多实例安装

1.安装单实例MySQL
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
mkdir /application/tools/ -p
cd /application/tools/
tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db  --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
\cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld
\cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >/etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh

2.配置多实例
mkdir /data/{3306,3307}/data -p   创建多实例目录
解压已经准备好的data包
[root@MySQL01 application]# find /data/ -type f -name "mysql"|xargs chmod +x
[root@MySQL01 application]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/
[root@MySQL01 ~]# cd /application/mysql
[root@MySQL01 ~]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql
[root@MySQL01 ~]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql

3.增加一个MySQL 3309端口实例过程如下：
mkdir -p /data/3308/data
\cp /data/3306/my.cnf  /data/3308/
\cp /data/3306/mysql  /data/3308/
sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /data/3308/my.cnf
sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /data/3308/mysql
sed -i 's#server-id = 1#server-id = 8#g’ /data/3308/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308
chmod 700 /data/3308/mysql
cd /application/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/application/mysql --user=mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308
/data/3308/mysql start
netstat -lnt|grep 3308
如果没起来看mysql错误日志，在/data/3308/my.cnf最下面有错误日志地址
 echo "#mysql multi instances" >>/etc/rc.local
 echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local
 echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local 

4.增加一个MySQL 3309端口实例过程如下：
mkdir -p /data/3309/data
\cp /data/3306/my.cnf  /data/3309/
\cp /data/3306/mysql  /data/3309/
sed -i 's/3306/3309/g' /data/3309/my.cnf
sed -i 's/3306/3309/g' /data/3309/mysql
sed -i 's#server-id = 1#server-id = 9#g' /data/3309/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3309
chmod 700 /data/3309/mysql
cd /application/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/3309/data --basedir=/application/mysql --user=mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3309
/data/3309/mysql start
netstat -lnt|grep 3309
如果没起来看mysql错误日志，在/data/3309/my.cnf最下面有错误日志地址
 echo "#mysql multi instances" >>/etc/rc.local
 echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local
 echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local
 echo "/data/3309/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local

MySQL5.5多实例主从

1.备主库
mysqldump -A -uroot -p'123456' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock --master-data=2 >/opt/alldb20161122.sql

2.把整个备份文件恢复到从库
mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock < /opt/alldb20161122.sql

3.过滤出binlog位置和master_log_pos位置点
grep -i 'change master' /opt/alldb20161122.sql |head -n 1
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=250;

4.主库授权
grant all on *.* to 'repl'@'%' identified  by '123456';

5.配置从库
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’10.8.2.78’, MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123456’, MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=250;

slave start;

6.检查从库
show slave status\G