springMVC 框架的xml配置文件的说明

springMVC框架xml文件配置的说明，直接上代码：

我们介绍四个xml文件配置以及xml内容的理解：application.xml、spring-mvc.xml、pom.xml 和 web.xml

application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">  

       <!-- 自动扫描注解的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.oracle.service" />  

</beans>

spring为基于注解注入bean提供四个注解，再将组件交给spring来管理，在application.xml文件里，添加自动扫描需要实例化bean的包的路径

@Component：当对组件的层次难以定位的时候使用这个注解

@Controller：表示控制层的组件

@Service：表示业务逻辑层的组件

@Repository：表示数据访问层的组件

<context:component-scan base-package="com.oracle.service" /> 

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:ehcache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-ehcache.xsd">
        <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
    <!-- 支持JSON数据格式 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters" >
            <list>
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
    </bean>
     <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /><!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
    </bean>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.oracle.controller" />
    </beans>

spring-mvc.xml和application.xml也可以合并成一个xml，spring-mvc.xml中配置了Jason数据格式、对视图模型的解析和对controller层的自动扫描（注入bean）

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>oracle.com</groupId>
  <artifactId>MavenPro</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>MavenPro Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
        <!-- spring版本号 -->
        <spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <!-- junit版本号 -->
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
        <mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version>
    </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加Spring依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
         <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring单元测试依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加Jason依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.3</version>
        </dependency>     

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>MavenPro</finalName>
    <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
               <configuration>
                  <path>/mavenPro</path>
                  <port>8081</port>
                  <server>tomcat7</server>
               </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

pom.xml  文件配置是添加jar包及其所依赖jar包和一些组件（tomcat）

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

 <!-- 加载Spring的配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <description>spring监听器</description>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
  <!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- spring mvc servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <description>spring mvc servlet</description>
        <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <description>spring mvc 配置文件</description>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <filter>
        <description>字符集过滤器</description>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <description>字符集编码</description>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

配置了application.xml和spring-mvc.xml之后，javaEE还不知道这两个文件的存在，web.xml就是实现这样的功能，其中还配置了监听器和过滤器，监听器是监听JavaEE对application.xml和spring-mvc.xml加载情况，过滤器是在启动项目的时候，过滤字符集，防止前后台交互的时候，出现中文乱码。

再讲一下pom.xml 中插件tomcat的一些配置

右键项目名，选择“Run As” =>“Run Configuration”，如下图：

弹出以下窗口，我们配置Main 、JRE和Source这三个即可，在Main中，WorkSpace中选择当前项目，Goal中，填写XXX：run，

JRE中选择JDK

Resouce中add“Workspace”，点击应用，点击Run即可。

运行结果：

在浏览器中输入该地址，即可进入欢迎页了，截图如下：