lamp平台构建

lamp平台构建

环境说明：

系统平台	IP	需要安装的服务
centos7,redhat7	172.16.12.128	httpd-2.4,mysql-5.7,php,php-mysql

lamp平台软件安装次序：

httpd --> mysql --> php

注意：php要求httpd使用prefork MPM

安装httpd

删除本地仓库

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf myrepo.repo 

在阿里云镜像下载centos8

[root@localhost ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/

CentOS-Base.repo

安装开发工具包

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'

创建apache服务的用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache

[root@localhost ~]# id apache

uid=994(apache) gid=991(apache) groups=991(apache)

安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++

下载和安装apr以及apr-util

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bzip2

[root@localhost ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2

解压apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.6.5

[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# vim configure

 # $RM "$cfgfile"        //将此行加上注释，或者删除此行

[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make && make install

解压apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2       httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2

apr-1.6.5        apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-util-1.6.1

[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install

解压httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2

apr-1.6.5        apr-util-1.6.1     httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2

 [root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \

--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \

--enable-so \

--enable-ssl \

--enable-cgi \

--enable-rewrite \

--with-zlib \

--with-pcre \

--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \

--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \

--enable-modules=most \

--enable-mpms-shared=all \

--with-mpm=prefork

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# make && make install

安装后配置

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

[root@localhost ~]# which httpd

/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf

MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/apache/man

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

ServerName www.example.com:80 去掉前面的#或删除整行

启动apache

[root@localhost ~]# which apachectl

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system

[root@localhost system]# cp sshd.service  httpd.service

[root@localhost system]# vim httpd.service

[Unit]

Description=httpd server daemon

After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]

Type=forking

ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl  start

ExecStop=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop

ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@localhost system]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@localhost system]# systemctl status httpd

● httpd.service - OpenSSH server daemon

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: >

   Active: inactive (dead)

[root@localhost system]# systemctl  stop firewalld

[root@localhost system]# systemctl disable firewalld

安装mysql



创建用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

[root@localhost ~]# id mysql

uid=993(mysql) gid=990(mysql) groups=990(mysql)

下载二进制格式的mysql软件包

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/

[root@localhost src]# ls

debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

解压软件至/usr/local/

[root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/

做一个软链接

[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/

[root@localhost local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*

配置环境变量

[root@localhost local]# cd mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# ls

bin  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  README  share  support-files

[root@localhost mysql]# pwd

/usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@localhost mysql]# which mysql

添加配置include

[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/  /usr/include/mysql

添加配置lib

[root@localhost mysql]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib/' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

[root@localhost mysql]# ldconfig

添加配置man

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf

MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man

建立数据存放目录

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /opt/data

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/

[root@localhost mysql]# ll /opt/

total 0

drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug  2 16:19 data

初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/

2022-08-02T08:21:05.817290Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: y-reJSy8abGj

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'y-reJSy8abGj' > password

[root@localhost ~]# cat password

y-reJSy8abGj

生成配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/my.cnf

[mysqld]

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/data

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

port = 3306

pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid

user = mysql

skip-name-resolve

配置服务启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

datadir=/opt/data/

启动mysql

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl

State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port       Peer Address:Port   Process

LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*

LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22                 [::]:*

LISTEN   0        80                     *:3306                  *:*

LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                    *:*     

使用临时密码登录

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'y-reJSy8abGj'

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.37

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

设置新密码

mysql> set password=password('123456');

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

安装php

下载epel镜像

[root@localhost src]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm

安装依赖包

[root@localhost src]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel --allowerasing --nobest

下载php

[root@localhost src]# ls

debug    mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-7.4.30.tar.gz

kernels  php-7.4.30

编译安装php

[root@localhost src]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \

--with-config-file-path=/etc \

--enable-fpm \

--enable-inline-optimization \

--disable-debug \

--disable-rpath \

--enable-shared \

--enable-soap \

--with-openssl \

--enable-bcmath \

--with-iconv \

--with-bz2 \

--enable-calendar \

--with-curl \

--enable-exif  \

--enable-ftp \

--enable-gd \

--with-jpeg \

--with-zlib-dir \

--with-freetype \

--with-gettext \

--enable-json \

--enable-mbstring \

--enable-pdo \

--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \

--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \

--with-readline \

--enable-shmop \

--enable-simplexml \

--enable-sockets \

--with-zip \

--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \

--with-pear \

--enable-pcntl \

--enable-posix

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

| License:                                                           |

| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |

| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation  |

| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |

| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |

| the installation process at this point.                            |

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

[root@localhost src]#make && make install

出现错误

configure: error: Package requirements (libxml-2.0 >= 2.7.6) were not met:No package 'libxml-2.0' found 解决办法：yum install -y libxml2-devel

configure: error: Package requirements (sqlite3 > 3.7.4) were not met:No package 'sqlite3' found 解决办法：yum install libsqlite3x-devel -y

configure: error: Package requirements (libcurl >= 7.15.5) were not met:

解决方法：yum install -y libcurl-devel.x86_64

configure: error: Package requirements (libjpeg) were not met: 解决方法：yum -y install libjpeg-devel

安装后配置

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# which php

/usr/local/php7/bin/php

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# php -v

PHP 7.4.30 (cli) (built: Aug  2 2022 23:06:10) ( NTS )

Copyright (c) The PHP Group

Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

配置php-fpm

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp php.ini-production  /etc/php.ini

cp: overwrite '/etc/php.ini'? y

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default  /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

//启动php-fpm

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system

[root@localhost system]# cp sshd.service php-fpm.service

[root@localhost system]# vim php-fpm.service

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_65441164/article/details/126131525

[Unit]

Description=php-fpm server daemon

After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]

Type=forking

ExecStart=/etc/init.d/php-fpm start

ExecStop=/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop

ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@localhost system]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# systemctl start php-fpm

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ss -anlt

State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port     Peer Address:Port  Process

LISTEN   0        128            127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*

LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22            0.0.0.0:*

LISTEN   0        80                     *:3306                *:*

LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                  *:*

LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22               [::]:*

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# setenforce 0

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# systemctl enable php-fpm

Synchronizing state of php-fpm.service with SysV service script with /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.

Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable php-fpm

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.

配置apache

启用代理模块

在apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现，此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展，因此，这两个模块都要加载，编辑httpd.conf文件，取消以下两行内容的注释:

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

启用httpd的相关模块

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

119 LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

123 LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

配置虚拟主机

启用代理模块

在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行：

ProxyRequests Off //关闭正向代理

ProxyPassMatch^/(.*.php)$fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1

例如

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/idfsoft.com/$1

以上设置表示把以.php结尾的文件请求发送到php-fpm进程，php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URI，所以这里直接在fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000后指明了这两个参数，其它参数的传递已经被mod_proxy_fcgi.so进行了封装，不需要手动指定。

注意：

这里写的/var/www/html/是yum源安装方式生成的网页存放目录，这里必须改成你编译安装指定的网页存放路径，禁止直接复制我这里的路径

这里的idfsoft.com是域名，你必须改成你所使用的域名，禁止直接复制此处的域名

这里的$1表示匹配所有以.php结尾的http请求

创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面

[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

[root@localhost htdocs]# rm -rf index.html

[root@localhost htdocs]# mkdir laji

[root@localhost htdocs]# vim /usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji/index.php

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 18 Aug  2 23:54 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 

<VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji"

    ServerName www.ljl.com

    ProxyRequests Off

    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji/$1

    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji">

        Options none

        AllowOverride none

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

    ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"

    CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common

</VirtualHost>

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

  搜索AddType

    AddType application/x-compress .Z

    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php  添加这行

    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps  添加这行

Include /etc/httpd24/extra/proxy-html.conf 删除前面的#

Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 删除前面的#

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/    DirectoryIndex/s/index.html/index.php index.html/g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

重启apache服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl

State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port       Peer Address:Port   Process

LISTEN   0        128            127.0.0.1:9000            0.0.0.0:*

LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*

LISTEN   0        80                     *:3306                  *:*

LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                    *:*

LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22                 [::]:*

验证

修改/etc/hosts文件，添加域名与IP的映射

在c盘下的c:/Windows/system32/drivers/etc/hosts添加以下数据

192.168.203.137 www.ljl.com

浏览器上使用域名访问，若看到以下界面则表示lamp架构搭建成功，否则请检查你的操作