DI 依赖注入之unity的MVC版本使用Microsoft.Practices.Unity1.2与2.0版本对比

DI 依赖注入之unity的MVC版本使用Microsoft.Practices.Unity1.2与2.0版本对比

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/xishuai/p/3670292.html

参考：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/msp-n-p/ff660914(v=pandp.20)?redirectedfrom=MSDN#config_registerelement

必读：

在unity1.2中我们使用构造器注入、属性注入和方法注入会有parameterType节点，就是说在constructor、property和method这些节点可以配置这些方式注入所依赖的类型，但是在unity2.0并不存在parameterType节点了，所有类型注册都是通过register节点进行配置的，相当于unity1.2中的type节点，虽然unity2.0存在constructor、property和method节点，但我感觉只是针对构造器、属性和方法本身进行注入。另外在unity2.0配置中alias节点下的生命管理周期配置并不需要了。

一.下载安装：

Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll

Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.dll

下载地址：

二.配置：

1.在App_Start文件夹下创建UnityConfig.cs文件

using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using ZLP.BLL;
using ZLP.DAL;
using ZLP.IBLL;
using ZLP.IDAL;
using ZLP.MVC.Controllers;

namespace ZLP.MVC
{
    public class UnityConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterComponents()
        {
            var container = new UnityContainer();

            //代码注入
           // container.RegisterType<IUserDAL, UserDAL>();
            //container.RegisterType<IUserBLL, UserBLL>();

            //配置文件注入
            var section=(UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection(UnityConfigurationSection.SectionName);
            section.Configure(container);

            DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new ZLPDependencyResolver(container));
        }
    }
}

2.在App_Start文件夹下创建ZLPDependencyResolver.cs文件（创建一个实现IDependencyResolver的类）

using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace ZLP.MVC
{
    public class ZLPDependencyResolver : IDependencyResolver
    {
        public ZLPDependencyResolver(IUnityContainer container)
        {
            this.container = container;
        }
        IUnityContainer container;
        public object GetService(Type serviceType)
        {
            try
            {
                return this.container.Resolve(serviceType);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {

                return null;
            }
        }

        public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType)
        {
            try
            {
                return this.container.ResolveAll(serviceType);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return Enumerable.Empty<object>();
            }
        }
    }
}

3.在Global文件中Application_Start方法中增加一行代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace ZLP.MVC
{
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            UnityConfig.RegisterComponents();//增加unity的方法调用
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace ZLP.MVC
{
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            UnityConfig.RegisterComponents();//增加unity的方法调用
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace ZLP.MVC
{
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            UnityConfig.RegisterComponents();//增加unity的方法调用
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }
    }
}

三.配置文件：

版本：1.2

1.2中的节点：

  <configSections>
    <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration"/>
  </configSections>
  <unity>
    <typeAliases>
      <typeAlias alias="IUserBLL" type="ZLP.IBLL.IUserBLL,ZLP.IBLL" />
      <typeAlias alias="UserBLL" type="ZLP.BLL.UserBLL,ZLP.BLL" />
    </typeAliases>
    <containers>
      <container name="defaultContainer">
        <type type="IUserBLL" mapTo="UserBLL" name="a"></type >
      </container>
    </containers>
  </unity>

版本：2.0

2.0中节点变更为如下：

• The <unity> Configuration Section
• The <container> Element
• The <register> Element
• The <lifetime> Element
• The <constructor> Element
• The <property> Element
• The <method> Element
• The <param> Element
• The <dependency> Element
• The <value> Element
• The <optional> Element
• The <array> Element
• The <extension> Element
• The <instance> Element
• The <namespace > Element
• The <alias> Element
• The <sectionExtension> Element

• • <configSections>
        <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" />
      </configSections>
      <unity>
        <alias alias="IUserDAL" type="ZLP.IDAL.IUserDAL,ZLP.IDAL" />
        <alias alias="UserDAL" type="ZLP.DAL.UserDAL,ZLP.DAL" />
        <alias alias="IUserBLL" type="ZLP.IBLL.IUserBLL,ZLP.IBLL" />
        <alias alias="UserBLL" type="ZLP.BLL.UserBLL,ZLP.BLL" />
        <container>
          <register type="IUserDAL" mapTo="UserDAL"></register>
          <register type="IUserBLL" mapTo="UserBLL"></register>
        </container>
      </unity>

• 详细的查看官方地址：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/msp-n-p/ff660914(v=pandp.20)?redirectedfrom=MSDN#config_registerelement