HDU 5868 Different Circle Permutation

公式，矩阵快速幂，欧拉函数，乘法逆元。

$an{s_n} = \frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{d|n} {\left[ {phi(\frac{n}{d})×\left( {fib(d - 1) + fib(d + 1)} \right)} \right]}$。

#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const double pi=acos(-1.0),eps=1e-;
void File()
{
    freopen("D:\\in.txt","r",stdin);
    freopen("D:\\out.txt","w",stdout);
}
template <class T>
inline void read(T &x)
{
    char c=getchar(); x=;
    while(!isdigit(c)) c=getchar();
    while(isdigit(c)) {x=x*+c-''; c=getchar();}
}

LL n,mod=1e9+;

LL extend_gcd(LL a,LL b,LL &x,LL &y)
{
    if(a==&&b==) return -;
    if(b==){x=;y=;return a;}
    LL d=extend_gcd(b,a%b,y,x);
    y-=a/b*x;
    return d;
}

LL mod_reverse(LL a,LL n)
{
    LL x,y;
    LL d=extend_gcd(a,n,x,y);
    if(d==) return (x%n+n)%n;
    else return -;
}

LL phi(LL n)
{
     LL res=n,a=n;
     for(int i=;i*i<=a;i++)
     {
         if(a%i==)
         {
             res=res/i*(i-);
             while(a%i==) a/=i;
         }
     }
     if(a>) res=res/a*(a-);
     return res;
}

struct Matrix
{
    LL A[][];
    int R, C;
    Matrix operator*(Matrix b);
};

Matrix X, Y, Z;

Matrix Matrix::operator*(Matrix b)
{
    Matrix c;
    memset(c.A, , sizeof(c.A));
    int i, j, k;
    for (i = ; i <= R; i++)
        for (j = ; j <= b.C; j++)
            for (k = ; k <= C; k++)
                c.A[i][j] = (c.A[i][j] + (A[i][k] * b.A[k][j]) % mod) % mod;
    c.R = R; c.C = b.C;
    return c;
}

void init()
{
    memset(X.A, , sizeof X.A);
    memset(Y.A, , sizeof Y.A);
    memset(Z.A, , sizeof Z.A);

    Y.R = ; Y.C = ;
    for (int i = ; i <= ; i++) Y.A[i][i] = ;

    X.R = ; X.C = ;
    X.A[][]=; X.A[][]=;
    X.A[][]=; X.A[][]=;

    Z.R = ; Z.C = ;
    Z.A[][]=; Z.A[][]=;
}

LL work(int x)
{
    x--;
    while (x)
    {
        if (x %  == ) Y = Y*X;
        x = x >> ;
        X = X*X;
    }
    Z = Z*Y;
    return Z.A[][];
}

LL fib(int x)
{
    if(x==) return ;
    init();
    return work(x);
}

int main()
{
    while(~scanf("%lld",&n))
    {
        if(n==) { printf("2\n"); continue; }
        LL ans=;

        for(LL i=;i*i<=n;i++)
        {
            if(n%i!=) continue;

            LL t=phi(n/i)*((fib(i-)+fib(i+))%mod)%mod;
            ans=(ans+t)%mod;

            if(n/i!=i)
            {
                t=phi(i)*((fib(n/i-)+fib(n/i+))%mod)%mod;
                ans=(ans+t)%mod;
            }
        }

        LL ni=mod_reverse(n,mod);
        ans=ans*ni%mod;
        printf("%lld\n",ans);
    }
    return ;
}