mysql5.7.x 编译安装

一、卸载mariadb

[root@mysql5 ~]# rpm -qa mariadb*
mariadb-libs-5.5.-.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@template tools]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.-.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@template tools]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

系统环境：

[root@mysql5 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[root@mysql5 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

二、编译安装mysql

#安装依赖包

yum install libaio-devel ncurses-devel cmake gcc gcc-c++ bison -y 

#文件目录创建

mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql//data
mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql//tmp
mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql//log

#创建用户组和mysql用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql
id mysql

#创建软件目录

mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql
cd /home/nulige/mysql 

#下载软件

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
wget https://osdn.net/frs/g_redir.php?m=netix&f=%2Flonenmp%2Flnmpfiles%2Fmysql%2Fmysql-5.7.11.tar.gz

# utf8mb4格式解释

   MySQL在5.5.3之后增加了这个utf8mb4的编码，mb4就是most bytes 4的意思，专门用来兼容四字节的unicode。好在utf8mb4是utf8的超集，
除了将编码改为utf8mb4外不需要做其他转换。当然，为了节省空间，一般情况下使用utf8也就够了。

　　至于什么时候用，看你的做什么项目了。

在做移动应用时，会遇到ios用户会在文本的区域输入emoji表情，如果不做一定处理，就会导致插入数据库异常。

#解压安装　

tar xzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar xzf mysql-5.7..tar.gz

cd mysql-5.7.
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/nulige/mysql/ \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/nulige/mysql//data \
-DWITH_BOOST=/home/nulige/mysql/boost_1_59_0 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/home/nulige/mysql \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE= \
-DENABLE_DTRACE= \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=

#编译安装
make && make install

#配置启动服务
/bin/cp /home/nulige/mysql//support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

#/etc/my.cnf，仅供参考（用于生产还需要调优）
[mysqld]
basedir = /home/nulige/mysql/
datadir = /home/nulige/mysql//data
tmpdir = /home/nulige/mysql//tmp
pid-file = /home/nulige/mysql//data/my.pid
port = 

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character_set_server = utf8
skip-name-resolve
max_connect_errors =
max_allowed_packet = 1G

connect_timeout =
wait_timeout =
interactive_timeout =
innodb_lock_wait_timeout =
slave-skip-errors  = ,
log-error = /home/nulige/mysql//log/error.log

slow_query_log = on
slow_query_log_file = /home/nulige/mysql//log/slow-query-log.log
long_query_time =
log-queries-not-using-indexes
log-slow-admin-statements
log-slow-slave-statements

server-id =
log-bin = log-bin
binlog-format = ROW

#初始化数据库

chown -R mysql:mysql /home/nulige/mysql//
cd /home/nulige/mysql//bin
./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/home/nulige/mysql/ --datadir=/home/nulige/mysql//data

备注：这里会报一个警告，直接忽略
-- :: [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize

意思：
之前版本mysql_install_db是在mysql_basedir/script下，.7放在了mysql_install_db/bin目录下,且已被废弃
"--initialize"会生成一个随机密码(~/.mysql_secret)，而"--initialize-insecure"不会生成密码，--datadir目标目录下不能有数据文件。

#启动 数据库

service mysqld start

#设置开机自启动

[root@mysql5 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on

#查看端口

[root@mysql5 bin]# ss -lntup|grep
tcp    LISTEN                  :::     :::*     users:(("mysqld",pid=,fd=))

#配置环境变量

echo 'PATH=/home/nulige/mysql/3306/bin/:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
echo $PATH

#查看mysql默认密码

[root@mysql5 bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at -- ::
:AyjdUl!-;*

#用默认密码，登录数据库

mysql -uroot -p':AyjdUl!3-;*'   #这边密码要加引号，要么然的话存在转义问题

#修改密码（这个密码一定要足够复杂，不然会不让你改，提示密码不合法）

mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('1qaz@WSX');
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
Bye

#登录数据库

[root@mysql5 bin]# mysql -uroot -p'1qaz@WSX'

8、查看mysql版本

[root@mysql5 bin]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7., for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

9、查看数据库用户表

mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+
| host      | user      |
+-----------+-----------+
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root      |
+-----------+-----------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)