Oracle 监听动态注册与静态注册

静态注册

　　静态注册是在启动listener时，listener会从listener.ora文件中获取服务名及相关信息。信息包括：实例名和服务名等。

--静态注册时，listener.ora中的内容如下：

 #SID_LIST_LISTENER描述对外提供数据库服务的列表；
 #两个实例sun，+ASM分别对应服务名orcl01，orcl02
 SID_LIST_LISTENER =
 (
     SID_LIST =
     (
       SID_DESC =
       (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
       (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle)
       (PROGRAM = extproc)
     )

     (
       SID_DESC =
       (SID_NAME = sun)          --提供注册的实例名
       (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle)
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME =orcl01)   --向外提供服务名
      )

     (
       SID_DESC =
       (SID_NAME = +ASM)
       (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle)
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME =orcl02)
     )
 )

 #LISTENER部分描述了主机地址、端口及协议
 LISTENER =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.128)(PORT = 1521))
   ) 

--配置对应的tnsnames.ora 中的节点

 -bash-3.00$ more tnsnames.ora
 # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 #通过实例名连接
 SUN01 =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SID = sun)
     )
   )

 #通过服务名连接
 SUN02 =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SERVICE_NAME = orcl01)
     )
   )  

 #通过实例名连接
 ASM01 =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SID = +ASM)
     )
   )  

 #通过服务名连接
 ASM02 =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SERVICE_NAME = orcl02)
     )
   ) 

 EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SID = PLSExtProc)
       (PRESENTATION = RO)
     )
   )     

--启动监听

-bash-3.00$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production on 10-AUG-2013 20:50:35

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/oracle/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                10-AUG-2013 20:50:35
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl01" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "sun", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl02" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

--可以看到实例sun及实例+ASM都在被监听

 Service "orcl01" has 1 instance(s).
   Instance "sun", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
 Service "orcl02" has 1 instance(s).
   Instance "+ASM", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

从上面信息可以看到，静态注册时监听程序所获取的实例名或服务名均来自listener.ora文件

动态注册

　　动态注册是在instance启动的时候PMON进程根据init.ora中的instance_name,service_names两个参数将实例和服务动态注册到listener中。

• instance_name默认是：db_name
• service_names默认是：db_name.db_domain

　　在启动listener时，会从listener.ora读取监听配置，如果该文件不存在，则监听会在主机名对应的IP和1521端口上进行监听。但监听刚刚启动的时候，并没有注册的服务。

1.配置默认端口的动态服务注册

--关闭实例，关闭监听，备份listener.ora

 -bash-3.00$ ls -l
 -rw-r--r--    oracle   oinstall      Aug  : listener.ora.bak
 drwxr-x---    oracle   oinstall      Jan    samples
 -rw-r-----    oracle   oinstall      Dec    shrept.lst
 -rw-r--r--    oracle   oinstall     Aug  : tnsnames.ora

--启动监听

 -bash-3.00$ lsnrctl start
 .........
 Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=))
 STATUS of the LISTENER
 ------------------------
 Alias                     LISTENER
 Version                   TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2. - Production
 Start Date                -AUG- ::
 Uptime                     days  hr.  min.  sec
 Trace Level               off
 Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
 SNMP                      OFF
 Listener Log File         /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log
 Listening Endpoints Summary...
   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mysolaris)(PORT=)))
 The listener supports no services
 The command completed successfully

　　可以看到：监听会在主机名对应的IP和1521端口上进行监听；监听刚刚启动的时候，并没有注册的服务

--启动实例后，查看监听 发现PMON进程会将服务注册进来

 -bash-3.00$ lsnrctl status
 ........
 Listening Endpoints Summary...
   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mysolaris)(PORT=)))
 Services Summary...
 Service "+ASM" has  instance(s).
   Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has  handler(s) for this service...
 Service "+ASM_XPT" has  instance(s).
   Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has  handler(s) for this service...
 Service "sun" has  instance(s).
   Instance "sun", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
 Service "sun_XPT" has  instance(s).
   Instance "sun", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
 The command completed successfully

2.配置非默认端口的动态服务注册

服务器端的配置

a.配置非默认的listener.ora

 -bash-3.00$ more listener.ora 

 LISTENER02 =     --这个名字最好不要用默认的LISTENER
   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
     (DESCRIPTION =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = ))
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
     )
   )

b.在配置文件tnsnames.ora中加入

 -bash-3.00$ more tnsnames.ora
 # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 LISTENER02 = (
     ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)
               (HOST = mysolaris)
               (PORT = )
 )
 -bash-3.00$ 

c.启动非默认的侦听器

 -bash-3.00$ lsnrctl start LISTENER02

 STATUS of the LISTENER
 ------------------------
 Alias                     LISTENER02
 Version                   TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2. - Production
 Start Date                -AUG- ::
 Uptime                     days  hr.  min.  sec
 Trace Level               off
 Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
 SNMP                      OFF
 Listener Parameter File   /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
 Listener Log File         /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log
 Listening Endpoints Summary...
   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=)))
   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
 The listener supports no services
 The command completed successfully
 -bash-3.00$ 

d.设定local_listener参数

 SQL> alter system set local_listener = 'LISTENER02'; --LISTENER2为tnsnames.ora中的监听名称

e.手动使动态注册立即生效（此操作可有可无）

 SQL> alter system register;