MongoDB快速入门学习笔记3 MongoDB的文档插入操作

1、文档的数据存储格式为BSON，类似于JSON。MongoDB插入数据时会检验数据中是否有“_id”，如果没有会自动生成。
shell操作有insert和save两种方法。当插入一条数据有“_id”值，并且现在集合中已经有相同的值，使用insert插入时插入不进去，使用save时，会更新数据。

 > db.student.drop()
 true
 > db.student.insert({"_id": 1, "name":"zhangsan", "age": 28})
 WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
 > db.student.find()
 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 28 }
 > db.student.insert({"_id": 1, "name":"zhangsan", "age": 27})
 WriteResult({
         "nInserted" : 0,
         "writeError" : {
                 "code" : 11000,
                 "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: zyhdb.student index: _id_ dup key: { : 1.0 }"
         }
 })
 > db.student.find()
 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 28 }
 > db.student.save({"_id": 1, "name":"zhangsan", "age": 27})
 WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
 > db.student.find()
 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27 }

2、批量插入，网上的文档都说不能MongoDB不支持批量插入，现在试过可以，应该是目前的版本支持批量插入了。

 > db.student.insert([{"_id": 2, "name": "lisi"},{"_id": 3, "name": "wangwu"}, {"_id": 4, "name": "zhaoliu", "age": 28}])
 BulkWriteResult({
 "writeErrors" : [ ],
 "writeConcernErrors" : [ ],
 "nInserted" : 3,
 "nUpserted" : 0,
 "nMatched" : 0,
 "nModified" : 0,
 "nRemoved" : 0,
 "upserted" : [ ]
 })
 > db.student.find()
 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27 }
 { "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi" }
 { "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu" }
 { "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }

3、循环插入：

 > for(var i=0; i<10; i++){db.fortest.insert({num: i})}
 WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
 > db.fortest.find()
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab5"), "num" : 0 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab6"), "num" : 1 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab7"), "num" : 2 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab8"), "num" : 3 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab9"), "num" : 4 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababa"), "num" : 5 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababb"), "num" : 6 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababc"), "num" : 7 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababd"), "num" : 8 }
 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababe"), "num" : 9 }