c# 编写REST的WCF

REST（Representational State Transfer）即 表述性状态传递 ，简称REST，通俗来讲就是：资源在网络中以某种表现形式进行状态转移。

RESTful是一种软件架构风格、设计风格，而不是标准，只是提供了一组设计原则和约束条件。

在三种主流的Web服务实现方案中，因为REST模式的Web服务与复杂的SOAP和XML-RPC对比来讲明显的更加简洁，越来越多的web服务开始采用REST风格设计和实现。

1.首先建立解决方案创建WCF项目，删除默认生成文件，创建Interface和Services文件夹。

2.创建ITestService.cs文件;

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.Text;

namespace WCFSERVICE.Interface
{

    [ServiceContract]
    public  interface ITestService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "Test1", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped)]
        string Test1(string userName, string password);

        [OperationContract]
        [WebGet(UriTemplate = "Test/{id}", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare)]

        string Test(string id);        

    }
}

3.创建TestService.cs文件

namespace WCFSERVICE.Services
{
    [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
    public class TestService : ITestService
    {

        public string Test1(string userName, string password)
        {
            if (!Validate.IsValidate(userName, password))
            {

            }

            return "";
        }

        public string Test(string id)
        {

            return id;
        }      

    }
}

4.在Web.config文件中添加配置。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
    <appSettings>
    <add key="SqlConnectString" value="data source=192.168.1.2;initial catalog=TEST;user id=sa;password=123456;"/>
  </appSettings>
  <system.serviceModel>

      <service name="LWCFSERVICE.Services.TestService"    >
        <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="webbehavioree"
          binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WCFSERVICE.Interface.ITestService" />

      </service>

    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="webbehavior">
          <webHttp />
        </behavior>       

      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true"
      multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" >
      <serviceActivations>
        <add relativeAddress="./Service/TestService.svc" service="WCFSERVICE.Service.TestService"/>
      </serviceActivations>

    </serviceHostingEnvironment>

  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
    <!--
        若要在调试过程中浏览 Web 应用程序根目录，请将下面的值设置为 True。
        在部署之前将该值设置为 False 可避免泄露 Web 应用程序文件夹信息。
      -->
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

</configuration>

5.在Global.asax的Application_Start方法中添加路由规则。

using WCFSERVICE.Service;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.SessionState;

namespace WCFSERVICE
{
    public class Global : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {

        protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure();
            System.Web.Routing.RouteTable.Routes.Add(new System.ServiceModel.Activation.ServiceRoute("TestService", new System.ServiceModel.Activation.WebServiceHostFactory(), typeof(TestService)));      

        }

        protected void Session_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        protected void Application_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        protected void Session_End(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        protected void Application_End(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
}

6.访问方式：Get:  http://localhost:63980/TestService/Test/as

Post:

$.ajax({
            type: "post",
            url: "http://localhost:61756/TestService/Test1",
            contentType: "application/json",
            dataType: "application/json",
            data: { username: "test", password: "test" },
            success: function (data, status) {
                console.log(data);
                console.log(status);
            }
        });

注：项目实战编写WEBAPI方式更好，RESTful的WCF我只是学习而已。