windows上mysql解压缩版本、centos上rpm方式的安装、初始化等

一、windows版本：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/windows-install-archive.html

启动或者暂停mysql服务：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/windows-start-service.html

启动服务：NET START MySQL command. The NET command is not case sensitive.

停止服务：NET STOP MySQL.

二、centos上rpm方式安装：

可以参考：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-rpm.html

这块本来打算自己写，看了下官方文档，挺全的，放弃了。

这边贴上我的配置文件，尤其注意的是，这里采用了utf8mb4的字符集。

为什么要使用utf8mb4呢，网上有很多，我这里贴一个：

血泪教训：永远不要在 MySQL 中使用 UTF-8

更改MySQL数据库的编码为utf8mb4

这里再附上我本地/etc/my.cnf的配置：

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache % of total RAM %.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

lower_case_table_names=
character-set-server=utf8mb4
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
max_connections=
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'

效果：

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)