Futures是guava提供的工具类,全类名是com.google.common.util.concurrent.Futures。配合MoreExecutors使用,效果极佳。

主要方法如下:

1、addCallback()方法:

public static void addCallback(ListenableFuture future, FutureCallback callback, Executor executor):给ListenableFuture实例添加一个回调,作用等同于调用ListenableFuture实例的addListener(Runnable listener, Executor executor)方法。

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ListenableFuture<Integer> future = listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 1);
Futures.addCallback(future, new FutureCallback<Integer>() { @Override
public void onSuccess(Integer result) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@" + result);
} @Override
public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@" + t.getMessage());
}
}, threadPoolExecutor);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
}

ExecutorService对应Future,ListeningExecutorService对应ListenableFuture。

2、allAsList()方法的两个重载:

public static ListenableFuture<List<V>> allAsList(ListenableFuture<V>... futures)

public static ListenableFuture<List<V>> allAsList(Iterable<ListenableFuture<V>> futures)

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ListenableFuture<List<Integer>> mergedListenableFuture = Futures.allAsList(
Lists.newArrayList(
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 1),
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 2)
)
);
try {
List<Integer> resultList = mergedListenableFuture.get();
System.out.println(resultList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} Futures.addCallback(mergedListenableFuture,
new FutureCallback<List<Integer>>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(List<Integer> result) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", success callback");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} @Override
public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", " + t.getMessage());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
},
threadPoolExecutor);
}

可以用来把多个ListenableFuture实例合并成一个ListenableFuture实例,组合的ListenableFuture实例的get()方法返回一个集合,集合中的元素是之前各ListenableFuture实例的get()方法返回值,且元素顺序同allAsList()方法入参Future实例对应。假如对这个组合的ListenableFuture实例添加回调,则回调会在原来所有ListenableFuture实例都done之后才执行。同样,假如某一个ListenableFuture实例对应任务抛异常,则组合的ListenableFuture实例的get()也会抛异常。

3、successfulAsList()方法的两个重载:

public static ListenableFuture<List<V>> successfulAsList(ListenableFuture<V>... futures)

public static ListenableFuture<List<V>> successfulAsList(Iterable<ListenableFuture<V>> futures)

successfulAsList()方法和allAsList()方法有一点区别,就是组合的ListenableFuture实例的get()方法永远不会抛异常,即使之前某ListenableFuture实例对应的任务抛异常。如果某任务抛异常,则get()方法返回的集合中对应位置的值为null。极端情况下,get()方法会返回一个纯null的集合。

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ListenableFuture<List<Integer>> mergedListenableFuture = Futures.successfulAsList(
Lists.newArrayList(
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Lists.newArrayList(1, 2).get(3));
}, 1),
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("".substring(2));
}, 2)
)
);
try {
List<Integer> resultList = mergedListenableFuture.get();
System.out.println(resultList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} Futures.addCallback(mergedListenableFuture,
new FutureCallback<List<Integer>>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(List<Integer> result) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", success callback");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} @Override
public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", " + t.getMessage());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
},
threadPoolExecutor);
}

4、whenAllComplete()方法的两个重载:

public static FutureCombiner<V> whenAllComplete(ListenableFuture<V>... futures)

public static FutureCombiner<V> whenAllComplete(Iterable<ListenableFuture<V>> futures)

当所有ListenableFuture实例都执行完后,做一些操作,其中一些ListenableFuture实例对应任务抛异常也不要紧,不影响接下来要做的事情。

返回的FutureCombiner实例,有三个实例方法可以使用,返回值都是ListenableFuture类型,利用这个特性还可以实现链式异步操作。异步1执行完后执行异步2,异步2完成之后执行异步3,只要需要,就可以一直这么链式下去。

FutureCombiner常用实例方法:

public ListenableFuture<C> call(Callable<C> combiner, Executor executor)

public ListenableFuture<C> callAsync(AsyncCallable<C> combiner, Executor executor)

public ListenableFuture<?> run(Runnable combiner, Executor executor)

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ListenableFuture<Integer> listenableFuture1 = Futures.whenAllComplete(
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Lists.newArrayList(1, 2).get(3));
}, 1),
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("".substring(2));
}, 2)
).call(() -> {
System.out.println(123);
return 1;
}, threadPoolExecutor);
Futures.whenAllComplete(listenableFuture1).call(() -> {
System.out.println(456);
return 2;
}, threadPoolExecutor);
}

5、whenAllSucceed()方法的两个重载

public static FutureCombiner<V> whenAllSucceed(ListenableFuture<V>... futures)

public static FutureCombiner<V> whenAllSucceed(Iterable<ListenableFuture<V>> futures)

whenAllSucceed()方法和whenAllComplete()方法有一点区别,就是如果入参某个实例对应任务抛异常,则返回值FutureCombiner实例的call()方法或者run()方法入参的任务不会执行,也不抛异常。

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
Futures.FutureCombiner futureCombiner = Futures.whenAllSucceed(
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 1),
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("".substring(2));
}, 2)
);
futureCombiner.call(() -> {
System.out.println(123);
return 1;
}, threadPoolExecutor); try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(456);
}

本例由于whenAllSucceed()方法第二个入参ListenableFuture实例对应的任务会抛异常,所以FutureCombiner实例的call()方法的任务不会执行,故不会打印123。

6、catching开头的两个方法:

public static ListenableFuture<V> catching(ListenableFuture<V> input, Class<X> exceptionType, Function<X, V> fallback, Executor executor)

注意,这里的Function不是jdk的java.util.function.Function,而是guava的Function,在base 子package中,全类名是com.google.common.base.Function。

public static ListenableFuture<V> catchingAsync(ListenableFuture<V> input, Class<X> exceptionType, AsyncFunction<X, V> fallback, Executor executor)

当ListenableFuture实例对应的任务抛异常时,假如抛出的异常是指定的类型,则可以执行planB。

示例:

public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ListenableFuture<List<Integer>> mergedListenableFuture = Futures.allAsList(
Lists.newArrayList(
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 1),
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "".substring(2));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 2)
)
);
ListenableFuture<List<Integer>> withFallbackListenableFuture = Futures.catching(mergedListenableFuture,
StringIndexOutOfBoundsException.class,
input -> getBackUpList(),
threadPoolExecutor
);
try {
System.out.println(withFallbackListenableFuture.get());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} private static List<Integer> getBackUpList() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return new ArrayList<>();
}

只有当input抛出指定异常时,才会执行fallback方法。如果fallback方法也抛了异常,则最终ListenableFuture实例的get()方法会抛异常。

catchingAsync()方法,第三个参数是AsyncFunction实例,AsyncFunction也是个函数式接口,只是这个接口的方法的返回值必须是ListenableFuture类型,用起来没有catching()方法方便。

7、public static ImmutableList<ListenableFuture<T>> inCompletionOrder(Iterable<ListenableFuture<T>> futures)

返回一个不可变的ListenableFuture实例的集合,集合中元素顺序和各ListenableFuture实例执行完的顺序一致

示例:

  public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ImmutableList<ListenableFuture<Integer>> listenableFutureList = Futures.inCompletionOrder(Lists.newArrayList(
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 1),
listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 2)
)
);
listenableFutureList.forEach(p -> {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + p.get());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}

8、transform()相关的三个方法:

public static ListenableFuture<O> transform(ListenableFuture<I> input, Function<I, O> function, Executor executor)

public static ListenableFuture<O> transformAsync(ListenableFuture<I> input, AsyncFunction<I, O> function, Executor executor)

public static Future<O> lazyTransform(Future<I> input, Function<I, O> function)

transform()方法和transformAsync()方法,返回一个ListenableFuture实例,其结果是由入参ListenableFuture实例的结果通过入参Function实例计算得出。如果入参ListenableFuture实例对应的任务抛异常,则返回的ListenableFuture实例也会抛同样的异常,Function实例不会执行。如果入参ListenableFuture实例对应的任务被取消,则返回的ListenableFuture实例也会被取消。如果返回的ListenableFuture实例被取消,则入参ListenableFuture实例也会被取消。

lazyTransform()方法比较特殊, 入参Function实例不会主动执行,只有在返回的Future实例的get()方法被调用时,Function实例才会执行,但是这样又会阻塞当前主线程。所以这个方法不是很实用。

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor =
new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 0, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(3000), threadFactory);
ListeningExecutorService listeningExecutorService = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(threadPoolExecutor);
ListenableFuture<Integer> oriListenableFuture = listeningExecutorService.submit(() -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@666");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, 1);
Future future = Futures.lazyTransform(oriListenableFuture, input -> {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@888");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return String.valueOf(input);
});
future.get();
System.out.println(456);
}

9、scheduleAsync()方法的两个重载:指定多少时间后执行任务,任务只会执行一次。

public static ListenableFuture<O> scheduleAsync(AsyncCallable<O> callable, long delay, TimeUnit timeUnit, ScheduledExecutorService executorService)

public static ListenableFuture<O> scheduleAsync(AsyncCallable<O> callable, Duration delay, ScheduledExecutorService executorService)

AsyncCallable也是个函数式接口,无入参,出参是一个ListenableFuture实例。

示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("async-pool-%d").build();
ScheduledExecutorService scheduledExecutorService = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(5, threadFactory, new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
Futures.scheduleAsync(() -> {
ListenableFuture sf = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(scheduledExecutorService).submit(() -> {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "@" + System.currentTimeMillis());
});
return sf;
}, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS, scheduledExecutorService);
}

上例中,5s后会打印一次,只打印一次。

若要想真的定时任务,应该怎么写呢?比如说,要求每5s打印一次。

示例:

10、withTimeout()方法的两个重载:

Futures工具类使用的更多相关文章

  1. MoreExecutors工具类使用

    MoreExecutors是guava提供的工具类,是对jdk自带的Executors工具类的扩展,主要方法如下: 1.addDelayedShutDown()方法的两个重载: public stat ...

  2. Retrofit+RxJava联网工具类

    在python 进程.线程 (一)中简单的说过,CPython中的GIL使得同一时刻只能有一个线程运行,即并发执行.并且即使是多核CPU,GIL使得同一个进程中的多个线程也无法映射到多个CPU上运行, ...

  3. Java并发包线程池之Executors、ExecutorCompletionService工具类

    前言 前面介绍了Java并发包提供的三种线程池,它们用处各不相同,接下来介绍一些工具类,对这三种线程池的使用. Executors Executors是JDK1.5就开始存在是一个线程池工具类,它定义 ...

  4. Java基础Map接口+Collections工具类

    1.Map中我们主要讲两个接口 HashMap  与   LinkedHashMap (1)其中LinkedHashMap是有序的  怎么存怎么取出来 我们讲一下Map的增删改查功能: /* * Ma ...

  5. Android—关于自定义对话框的工具类

    开发中有很多地方会用到自定义对话框,为了避免不必要的城府代码,在此总结出一个工具类. 弹出对话框的地方很多,但是都大同小异,不同无非就是提示内容或者图片不同,下面这个类是将提示内容和图片放到了自定义函 ...

  6. [转]Java常用工具类集合

    转自:http://blog.csdn.net/justdb/article/details/8653166 数据库连接工具类——仅仅获得连接对象 ConnDB.java package com.ut ...

  7. js常用工具类.

    一些js的工具类 复制代码 /** * Created by sevennight on 15-1-31. * js常用工具类 */ /** * 方法作用:[格式化时间] * 使用方法 * 示例: * ...

  8. Guava库介绍之实用工具类

    作者:Jack47 转载请保留作者和原文出处 欢迎关注我的微信公众账号程序员杰克,两边的文章会同步,也可以添加我的RSS订阅源. 本文是我写的Google开源的Java编程库Guava系列之一,主要介 ...

  9. Java程序员的日常—— Arrays工具类的使用

    这个类在日常的开发中,还是非常常用的.今天就总结一下Arrays工具类的常用方法.最常用的就是asList,sort,toStream,equals,copyOf了.另外可以深入学习下Arrays的排 ...

随机推荐

  1. [深度应用]·Keras极简实现Attention结构

    [深度应用]·Keras极简实现Attention结构 在上篇博客中笔者讲解来Attention结构的基本概念,在这篇博客使用Keras搭建一个基于Attention结构网络加深理解.. 1.生成数据 ...

  2. get、set快捷键那码事儿

    今天发现一个省时间的方法.get一下,哈哈 在快捷get/set.或其他那个页面上的方法时,只需Shift+Alt+s 然后,选择哪个方法,就按该方法字母下有横线的那个字母(只按单个字母就行) 在ge ...

  3. 使用Spring Initializr初始化SpringBoot项目

    虽然SpringBoot CLI消除了不少设置工作,但如果你更倾向于传统的Java项目结构,那你应该看看Spring Initializr. Spring Initializr从本质上来说就是一个we ...

  4. eclipse sts 断点不起作用,把这行 勾上 就行

  5. Linux上面执行 Windows 命令(比如 重启服务)的简单方法

    1. 首先 基础是:openssh 还有 expect的包 2. 方法 安装openssh 转帖来自: https://www.jianshu.com/p/6e5bc39d386e 最近项目在搞Jen ...

  6. Ubuntu 19.04 下使用Remmina连接window服务器部署maven项目

    先将打包好的war包上传到tomcat的webapps目录下 如果配置了tomcat的虚拟路径,那就放进虚拟路径的webapps文件李 修改tomcat安装目录下的conf/server.xml文件 ...

  7. 字典树(trie树) 后缀树 广义后缀树

    转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/dong008259/archive/2011/11/11/2244900.html (1)字典树(Trie树) Trie是个简单但实用的数据结构, ...

  8. Python 的开始

    现在的 Linux 上一般都自带有 Python 如果没有,那就下载一个 打开 python 在终端中输入 python ,如果出现了和这差不多的 Python 2.7.15+ (default, O ...

  9. laravel5.5学习2-路由系统

    一.初识路由 路由系统是所有 PHP 框架的核心,路由承载的是 URL 到代码片段的映射,不同的框架所附带的路由系统是这个框架本质最真实的写照,一丝不挂,一览无余.Laravel 路由中文文档:htt ...

  10. 小白学习django第二站-模版配置

    上一站说道app创建,接下来我们来配置app的url路由 首先需要到setting.py中添加book这个app, 再到django_test文件里的urls添加路由 include() : 这个函数 ...