Linux笔记 #07# 搭建机器学习环境

环境： Debian 8.8 64位， 同样适用 win10

基本步骤：

1. 安装 Python
2. 安装必要的库
3. 测试

一、安装 Python

延续之前的 搭建 Python 环境 选取折中版本 Python 3.4

sudo apt-get install python3

这个时候会遇到一个问题：同时装了Python3和Python2，怎么用pip？默认安装的 pip 对应的是 python 2.7

选用最 简单直接的方案：

apt-get purge -y python3-pip
apt-get install python3-pip

检查有没有安装好：

root@xkfx:/opt/python# python3 -m pip -V
pip 1.5. from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.4)

更新到最新版本：

python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip  

用 pip 安装模块到对应 Python 版本的方法（指明 Python 版本）：

python3 -m pip install 模块名

PS. -m 大概是 module模块的意思

二、安装必要的库

ipython：

root@xkfx:~# python3 -m pip install ipython

root@xkfx:/opt/python# ipython
Python 3.4. (default, Oct  , ::)
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 6.3. -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

In []: exit

matplotlib：

root@xkfx:~# python3 -m pip install matplotlib

root@xkfx:~# python3
Python 3.4. (default, Oct  , ::)
[GCC 4.9.] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import xxxxxx
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line , in <module>
ImportError: No module named 'xxxxxx'
>>> import matplotlib

numpy：

root@xkfx:~# python3 -m pip install numpy
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /usr/local/lib/python3./dist-packages (1.14.)
root@xkfx:~# python3
Python 3.4. (default, Oct  , ::)
[GCC 4.9.] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy

sklearn：

root@xkfx:~# python3 -m pip install scipy

root@xkfx:~# python3 -m pip install sklearn

root@xkfx:~# python3
Python 3.4. (default, Oct  , ::)
[GCC 4.9.] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sklearn

tensorflow：

root@xkfx:~# python3 -m pip install tensorflow

root@xkfx:~# python3
Python 3.4. (default, Oct  , ::)
[GCC 4.9.] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> print(tf.__version__)
1.7.

pandas：

python3 -m pip install pandas 

 Command "/usr/bin/python3 -m pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-kfazvlty http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/1b/d2/22cde5ea9af055f81814f9f2545f5ed8a053eb749c08d186b369959189a8/wheel-0.31.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl#md5=240d714477a715bcd90e94cb2c44f28c http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/20/d7/04a0b689d3035143e2ff288f4b9ee4bf6ed80585cc121c90bfd85a1a8c2e/setuptools-39.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl#md5=ca299c7acd13a72e1171a3697f2b99bc http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/70/25/1e1521e6ce2cf78ff4a8b06fbc2cd513ce004ec337000eddfe016fdf3fc6/Cython-0.28.2-cp34-cp34m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl#md5=e277ba5fdbbaab6e3434bdcf58e41d6a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/fc/1b/a1717502572587c724858862fd9b98a66105f3a3443225bda9a1bd16ee14/numpy-1.9.3-cp34-cp34m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl#md5=e1130c8f540a759d79ba5e8960f6915a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/02/64/c6c1c24ff4dbcd789fcfdb782e343ac23c074f6b8b03e818ff60eb0f937f/numpy-1.12.1-cp34-cp34m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl#md5=6288d4e9cfea859e03dc82879539d029 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/1b/ee/f65826b2880f67652c21326565b4c166c7cdb1019f84b82af65e625475cd/numpy-1.13.1-cp34-cp34m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl#md5=c51520d0d3836c91cba18d1fa8cf299c" failed with error code  in None

由于在 debian 下无论如何都没有成功安装 pandas

我最后决定在 windows  上搭建环境。。。

三、测试

把下面这段代码运行一下，没有报错基本就 ok 了。

import math

from IPython import display
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib import gridspec
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn import metrics
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.python.data import Dataset

tf.logging.set_verbosity(tf.logging.ERROR)
pd.options.display.max_rows =
pd.options.display.float_format = '{:.1f}'.format