【Spring实战-1】网站登录系统

系统概述：

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2015年5月8日 14:05:49 

本系统为一个常规的用户登录系统，主要完成了用户登录界面设计、用户登录后信息校验、更新用户登录信息以及记录用户登录信息等。

整个系统以Spring框架为基础来实现，项目构架时进行了分层设计，主要包括：持久层、业务层、控制层以及POJO（demain）；

本系统使用的技术为：

1. 数据库：MySQL；

2. 数据库操作：Spring jdbc；

3. MVC框架，Spring MVC；

4. 容器：Spring容器；

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涉及到的技术点：

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1.  使用

JdbcTemplate 实现Mysql数据库的增、删、改、查操作；

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2.  注解的使用：

     @Repository：注解持久层（dao）bean；

     @Service：注解业务层bean；

     @Controller：展现层（控制层）bean，标注为Spring mvc的控制器；

     @Autowired：将Spring容器中的bean注入进来；

     @ContextConfiguration：指定Spring配置文件的位置；

     @RequestMapping：指定如何映射请求地址；

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3. RowCallbackHandler：查询结果处理的回调接口，实现ResultSet到POJO对象的转换；

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4. 事务管理器：为数据库操作实现事务；

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5. 引入shema命名空间：

  p: 用于简化类的成员变量；

  tx:

 aop:

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6. 利用junit进行测试；

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7. 配置Spring容器：配置Spring容器所必须的两个参数（web.xml）

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<!-- 从类路径下加载Spring配置文件，classpath关键字特指从类路径下加载 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	<!-- 负责启动Spring容器的监听器 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>

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8. 配置Spring MVC：（web.xml）

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 <!-- 配置Spring MVC，其对应的配置文件为：servlet-name-servlet.xml,
    本项目的为：baobaotao-servlet.xml -->
<servlet>
		<servlet-name>baobaotao</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>baobaotao</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

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9. Spring声明式事务；

这个以后在具体介绍。

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项目整体布局

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项目整体布局：

 

主要包括src和test，其中test为junit测试类，主要用于测试业务层；

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使用的jar包

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下面是配置文件及前端界面等；

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Mysql数据库指令

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DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS sampledb;
CREATE DATABASE sampledb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
USE sampledb;

##创建用户表
CREATE TABLE t_user (
   user_id   INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   user_name VARCHAR(30),
   credits INT,
   password  VARCHAR(32),
   last_visit datetime,
   last_ip  VARCHAR(23)
)ENGINE=InnoDB; 

##创建用户登录日志表
CREATE TABLE t_login_log (
   login_log_id  INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   user_id   INT,
   ip  VARCHAR(23),
   login_datetime datetime
)ENGINE=InnoDB; 

##插入初始化数据
INSERT INTO t_user (user_name,password) 
             VALUES('admin','123456');
COMMIT;

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上述指令执行完成后，在Mysql创建的情况如下：

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源程序

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com.baobaotao.domain包：定义POJO对象

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LoginLog.java

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package com.baobaotao.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class LoginLog implements Serializable{
	private int loginLogId;

	private int userId;

	private String ip;

	private Date loginDate;

	public String getIp() {
		return ip;
	}

	public void setIp(String ip) {
		this.ip = ip;
	}

	public Date getLoginDate() {
		return loginDate;
	}

	public void setLoginDate(Date loginDate) {
		this.loginDate = loginDate;
	}

	public int getLoginLogId() {
		return loginLogId;
	}

	public void setLoginLogId(int loginLogId) {
		this.loginLogId = loginLogId;
	}

	public int getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(int userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

}

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User.java

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package com.baobaotao.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class User implements Serializable{
	private int userId;

	private String userName;

	private String password;

	private int credits;

	private String lastIp;

	private Date lastVisit;

	public String getLastIp() {
		return lastIp;
	}

	public void setLastIp(String lastIp) {
		this.lastIp = lastIp;
	}

	public Date getLastVisit() {
		return lastVisit;
	}

	public void setLastVisit(Date lastVisit) {
		this.lastVisit = lastVisit;
	}

	public int getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(int userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public int getCredits() {
		return credits;
	}

	public void setCredits(int credits) {
		this.credits = credits;
	}
}

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com.baobaotao.dao包

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LoginLogDao.java

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package com.baobaotao.dao;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.baobaotao.domain.LoginLog;

@Repository
public class LoginLogDao {
	@Autowired
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	/**
	 * 插入登录信息
	 * @param loginLog
	 */
	public void insertLoginLog(LoginLog loginLog) {
		String sqlStr = "INSERT INTO t_login_log(user_id,ip,login_datetime) "
				+ "VALUES(?,?,?)";
		Object[] args = { loginLog.getUserId(), loginLog.getIp(),
				          loginLog.getLoginDate() };
		jdbcTemplate.update(sqlStr, args);
	}
}

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UserDao.java

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package com.baobaotao.dao;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.baobaotao.domain.User;

@Repository
public class UserDao {
	
	@Autowired
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	/**
	 * 获取匹配的用户数量
	 * @param userName
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getMatchCount(String userName, String password) {
		String sqlStr = " SELECT count(*) FROM t_user "
				+ " WHERE user_name =? and password=? ";
		return jdbcTemplate.queryForInt(sqlStr, new Object[] { userName, password });
	}

	/**
	 * 查询用户
	 * @param userName
	 * @return
	 */
	public User findUserByUserName(final String userName) {
		String sqlStr = " SELECT user_id,user_name,credits "
				+ " FROM t_user WHERE user_name =? ";
		final User user = new User();
		jdbcTemplate.query(sqlStr, new Object[] { userName },
				new RowCallbackHandler() {
					public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
						user.setUserId(rs.getInt("user_id"));
						user.setUserName(userName);
						user.setCredits(rs.getInt("credits"));
					}
				});
		return user;
	}

	/**
	 * 更新登录信息
	 * @param user
	 */
	public void updateLoginInfo(User user) {
		String sqlStr = " UPDATE t_user SET last_visit=?,last_ip=?,credits=? "
				+ " WHERE user_id =?";
		jdbcTemplate.update(sqlStr, new Object[] { user.getLastVisit(),
				user.getLastIp(),user.getCredits(),user.getUserId()});
	}
}

---

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com.baobaotao.service包

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UserService.java

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package com.baobaotao.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.baobaotao.dao.LoginLogDao;
import com.baobaotao.dao.UserDao;
import com.baobaotao.domain.LoginLog;
import com.baobaotao.domain.User;

@Service
public class UserService {
    
	@Autowired
	private UserDao userDao;
	
	@Autowired
	private LoginLogDao loginLogDao;

	/**
	 * 是否有匹配的用户
	 * @param userName
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean hasMatchUser(String userName, String password) {
		int matchCount =userDao.getMatchCount(userName, password);
		return matchCount > 0;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 根据用户名查找用户
	 * @param userName
	 * @return
	 */
	public User findUserByUserName(String userName) {
		return userDao.findUserByUserName(userName);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 登录成功时，更新登录信息并添加登录记录
	 * @param user
	 */
	public void loginSuccess(User user) {
		user.setCredits( 5 + user.getCredits()); //信用加5
		
		LoginLog loginLog = new LoginLog();
		loginLog.setUserId(user.getUserId());
		loginLog.setIp(user.getLastIp());
		loginLog.setLoginDate(user.getLastVisit());
        userDao.updateLoginInfo(user);
        loginLogDao.insertLoginLog(loginLog);
	}	

}

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com.baobaotao.web包

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LoginCommand.java

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package com.baobaotao.web;

public class LoginCommand {
	private String userName;

	private String password;

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
}

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LoginController.java

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package com.baobaotao.web;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.baobaotao.domain.User;
import com.baobaotao.service.UserService;

@Controller
public class LoginController{
	
	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;
    
	@RequestMapping(value = "/index.html")
	public String loginPage(){
		return "login";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value = "/loginCheck.html")
	public ModelAndView loginCheck(HttpServletRequest request,LoginCommand loginCommand){
		boolean isValidUser = 
			   userService.hasMatchUser(loginCommand.getUserName(),
					                    loginCommand.getPassword());
		if (!isValidUser) {
			return new ModelAndView("login", "error", "用户名或密码错误。");
		} else {
			User user = userService.findUserByUserName(loginCommand
					.getUserName());
			user.setLastIp(request.getLocalAddr());
			user.setLastVisit(new Date());
			userService.loginSuccess(user);
			request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
			return new ModelAndView("main");
		}
	}
}

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说明：

在mvc架构中，model和view是松耦合的，控制层负责产生model数据，而view负责渲染模型数据。

request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);

return new ModelAndView("main");

等价于：

ModelAndView("main", "user", user);

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web.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	
	<!-- 从类路径下加载Spring配置文件，classpath关键字特指从类路径下加载 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	<!-- 负责启动Spring容器的监听器 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>

   <!-- 配置Spring MVC，其对应的配置文件为：servlet-name-servlet.xml,
    本项目的为：baobaotao-servlet.xml -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>baobaotao</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>baobaotao</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

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说明：

web.xml中，contextConfigLocation和ContextLoaderListener是使用Spring容器必须配置的；

而DispatcherServlet是使用Spring MVC所必须的。

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Spring配置文件

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applicationContext.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
    
    <!-- 扫描类包，将标注Spring注解的类自动转化Bean，同时完成Bean的注入 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao.dao"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao.service"/>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close" 
		p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
		p:url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sampledb" 
		p:username="root"
		p:password="xxx" />

	<!-- 配置Jdbc模板  -->
	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
		
	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
		
	<!-- 通过AOP配置提供事务增强，让service包下所有Bean的所有方法拥有事务 -->
	<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
		<aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod"
			expression=" execution(* com.baobaotao.service..*(..))" />
		<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" />
	</aop:config>
	
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="*" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
</beans>

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说明：

上述配置文件中，使用了schema来简化配置。如：<p:...>、<tx:...>、<aop:...>;

组件扫描：<context:component>扫描标记了@Controller、@Service、@Repository的类，自动为这些类创建bean。

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Spring MVC配置文件

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baobaotao-servlet.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
	<!-- 扫描web包，应用Spring的注解 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao.web"/>
	
	<!-- 配置视图解析器，将ModelAndView及字符串解析为具体的页面 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" 
		p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
		p:suffix=".jsp" />

</beans>

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说明：

这是配置了InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器。Spring MVC中的视图解析器有好多种，且每种视图解析器都可以设置优先级。InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器只是最常用且最普通的一种视图解析器，它的默认优先级是最低的。

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前端jsp界面

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login.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
	<head>
		<title>论坛登录</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<c:if test="${!empty error}">
	        <font color="red"><c:out value="${error}" /></font>
		</c:if>        
		<form action="<c:url value="loginCheck.html"/>" method="post">
			用户名：
			<input type="text" name="userName">
			<br>
			密 码：
			<input type="password" name="password">
			<br>
			<input type="submit" value="登录" />
			<input type="reset" value="重置" />
		</form>
	</body>
</html>

---

说明：

这里使用了jstl标签，<c:url value="loginCheck.html"/>的jstl标签会在url前自动加上应用程序的部署根目录，假设应用程序部署在bbt目录下，<c:url/>标签将输出：/bbt/loginCheck.html 。通过<c:url />标签，很好的解决了开发和应用部署目录不一致的问题。

---

main.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>论坛</title>
</head>
<body>
    ${user.userName},欢迎您进入宝宝淘论坛，您当前积分为${user.credits};
</body>
</html>

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log4j.properties

---

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,A1
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n

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程序测试

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在tomcat下运行该系统，在浏览器中输入：http://localhost:8080/LoginProj/loginCheck.html ，

用户名密码输入错误时：

用户名密码输入正确时：

下面是数据库信息：

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Junit测试

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com.baobaotao.service包：TestUserService.java

---

package com.baobaotao.service;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.Date;


import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.baobaotao.domain.User;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class TestUserService {

	@Autowired
    private UserService userService;

	@Test
	public void testHasMatchUser() {
		boolean b1 = userService.hasMatchUser("admin", "123456");
		boolean b2 = userService.hasMatchUser("admin", "1111");
		assertTrue(b1);
		assertTrue(!b2);
	}

	@Test
	public void testFindUserByUserName() {
		User user = userService.findUserByUserName("admin");
		assertEquals(user.getUserName(), "admin");
	}

	@Test
	public void testAddLoginLog() {
		User user = userService.findUserByUserName("admin");
		user.setUserId(1);
		user.setUserName("admin");
		user.setLastIp("192.168.12.7");
		user.setLastVisit(new Date());
		userService.loginSuccess(user);
	}
}

---

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测试结果如下：

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至此，整个系统全部完成。

来自为知笔记(Wiz)

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