linux系统相关文件和操作

查看内核： 　　uname -r

[root@server0 ~]# uname -r
3.10.-123.1..el7.x86_64
[root@server0 ~]# 

查看版本： 　　cat  /etc/redhat-release

[root@server0 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo)
[root@server0 ~]# 

查看内存：　    cat  /proc/meminfo

[root@server0 ~]# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:          kB
MemFree:           kB
MemAvailable:      kB
Buffers:              kB
Cached:            kB
SwapCached:             kB
Active:            kB

查看cpu：　　  lscpu

[root@server0 ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        -bit, -bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                

查看主机名：　hostname　

[root@S ~]# hostname
S.tedu.com

设置主机名：

　　1.永久：vim /etc/hostname

　　　　　　new_hostname

　　2.临时：hostname  new_hostname

linux光驱设备：/dev/cdrom

　　　　　　mount /dev/cdrom target_path  将光驱设备挂载到targer_path(访问点）

　　　　　　umount targer_path 卸载访问点

　　ntfs 格式的硬盘无法访问： mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdb1 /mnt

用户基本信息文件：　　/etc/passwd

密码信息文件        :　　 /etc/shadow

组基本信息文件：　　   /etc/group

组成员信息：　　　　   /etc/gshadow

配置网卡:

网卡配置文件:　　　　 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

dns文件：　　　　　　/etc/resolv.conf

配置以下静态参数:

ip地址:172.25.0.11

子网掩码:255.255.255.0

默认网关:172.25.0.254

DNS服务器:172.25.254.254

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | head -
eth0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu
        inet 172.25.0.130  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.0.255
        inet6 fe80:::ff:fe00:b  prefixlen   scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether :::::0b  txqueuelen   (Ethernet)
        RX packets   bytes  (755.3 KiB)
        RX errors   dropped   overruns   frame
        TX packets   bytes  (319.6 KiB)
        TX errors   dropped  overruns   carrier   collisions 

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify 'System eth0' ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses '172.25.0.11/24 172.25.0.254' ipv4.dns 172.25.254.254 connection.autoconnect yes
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection up 'System eth0' 

[root@server0 ~]# ifconfig | head -
eth0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu
        inet 172.25.0.11  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.0.255
        inet6 fe80:::ff:fe00:b  prefixlen   scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether :::::0b  txqueuelen   (Ethernet)
        RX packets   bytes  (818.8 KiB)
        RX errors   dropped   overruns   frame
        TX packets   bytes  (354.6 KiB)
        TX errors   dropped  overruns   carrier   collisions 

[root@server0 ~]#