福利->KVC+Runtime获取类/对象的属性/成员变量/方法/协议并实现字典转模型

我们知道，KVC+Runtime可以做非常多的事情。有了这个，我们可以实现很多的效果。

这里来个福利，利用KVC+Runtime获取类/对象的所有成员变量、属性、方法及协议；

并利用它来实现字典转模型。

废话不多说，直接上代码：

1、工具类(其实就是NSObject的一个分类)头文件

 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

 @interface NSObject (YSRuntime)

 /**
  返回当前类的属性数组

  @return 属性数组(如:"name","age","address")
  */
 + (NSArray *)ys_propertiesList;

 /**
  返回当前类的成员变量数组

  @return 成员变量数组
  */
 + (NSArray *)ys_ivarsList;

 /**
  返回当前类的对象方法数组

  @return 方法数组
  */
 + (NSArray *)ys_methodList;

 /**
  返回当前类的协议数组

  @return 协议数组
  */
 + (NSArray *)ys_protocolList;

 /**
  使用字典创建当前类的对象

  @param dictionary 字典

  @return 当前类的对象
  */
 + (instancetype)ys_objectWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dictionary;

 /**
  使用字典数组创建当前类的对象数组

  @param dictArray 字典数组

  @return 当前类的对象数组
  */
 + (NSArray *)ys_objectsWithDictionaryArray:(NSArray<NSDictionary *> *)dictArray;

 @end

2、下面我们来实现里面的方法，以后就用它来获取类/对象的属性、成员变量、方法和协议

说明一下：最主要的方法是在objc/runtime.h，这里只是列举了一些，起到抛砖引玉的作用

 #import "NSObject+YSRuntime.h"
 #import <objc/runtime.h>

 @implementation NSObject (YSRuntime)

 #pragma mark - 属性数组
 const char *propertiesKey = "ys.propertiesList";
 + (NSArray *)ys_propertiesList {

     // 获取关联对象
     NSArray *result = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, propertiesKey);

     if (result != nil) {
         return result;
     }

     unsigned int count = ;
     objc_property_t *list = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &count);

     NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];

     for (unsigned int i = ; i < count; i++) {

         objc_property_t pty = list[i];

         const char *cName = property_getName(pty);
         NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cName];

         [arrayM addObject:name];
     }

     free(list);

     // 设置关联对象
     objc_setAssociatedObject(self, propertiesKey, arrayM, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC);

     return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, propertiesKey);
 }

 #pragma mark - 私有方法，专门针对字典转模型中的自定义属性，{@"name":@"Dog"},name是属性名，Dog是自定义的模型类，属性名-属性类型
 const char *propertiesTypeKey = "ys.propertiesTypeKey";
 + (NSArray<NSDictionary *> *)ys_propertiesAndTypeList {

     // 获取关联对象
     NSArray *result = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, propertiesTypeKey);

     if (result != nil) {
         return result;
     }

     unsigned int count = ;
     objc_property_t *list = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &count);

     NSMutableArray<NSDictionary *> *arrayM = [NSMutableArray<NSDictionary *> array];

     for (unsigned int i = ; i < count; i++) {

         objc_property_t pty = list[i];

         const char *cType = property_getAttributes(pty);
         NSString *typeStr = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cType];

         if([typeStr containsString:@"\",&"]){
             NSRange typeRange = [typeStr rangeOfString:@"\",&"];
             NSString *type = [typeStr substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(, typeRange.location - )];

             const char *cName = property_getName(pty);
             NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cName];

             NSDictionary *dict = @{name:type};

             [arrayM addObject:dict];
         }
     }

     free(list);

     // 设置关联对象
     objc_setAssociatedObject(self, propertiesTypeKey, arrayM, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC);

     return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, propertiesTypeKey);
 }

 #pragma mark - 成员变量数组
 const char *ivarsKey = "ys.ivarsList";
 + (NSArray *)ys_ivarsList {

     // 获取关联对象
     NSArray *result = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, ivarsKey);

     if (result != nil) {
         return result;
     }

     unsigned int count = ;
     Ivar *list = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);

     NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];

     for (unsigned int i = ; i < count; i++) {

         Ivar ivar = list[i];

         const char *cName = ivar_getName(ivar);
         NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cName];

         [arrayM addObject:name];
     }

     free(list);

     // 设置关联对象
     objc_setAssociatedObject(self, ivarsKey, arrayM, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC);

     return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, ivarsKey);
 }

 #pragma mark - 方法数组
 + (NSArray *)ys_methodList {

     unsigned int count = ;
     Method *list = class_copyMethodList([self class], &count);

     NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];

     for (unsigned int i = ; i < count; i++) {

         Method method = list[i];

         SEL selector = method_getName(method);
         NSString *name = NSStringFromSelector(selector);

         [arrayM addObject:name];
     }

     free(list);

     return arrayM.copy;
 }

 #pragma mark - 协议数组
 + (NSArray *)ys_protocolList {

     unsigned int count = ;
     __unsafe_unretained Protocol **list = class_copyProtocolList([self class], &count);

     NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];

     for (unsigned int i = ; i < count; i++) {

         Protocol *protocol = list[i];

         const char *cName = protocol_getName(protocol);
         NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cName];

         [arrayM addObject:name];
     }

     free(list);

     return arrayM.copy;
 }

 #pragma mark - 字典 -> 当前类的对象
 + (instancetype)ys_objectWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dictionary{

     // 当前类的属性数组
     NSArray *list = [self ys_propertiesList];

     NSArray<NSDictionary *> *propertyTypeList = [self ys_propertiesAndTypeList];

     id obj = [self new];

     for (NSString *key in dictionary) {

         if([list containsObject:key]){

             if ([dictionary[key] isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]){ // 属性值为字典

                 for(NSDictionary *dict in propertyTypeList){

                     if([key isEqualToString: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",dict.allKeys.firstObject]]){

                         NSString *classTypeStr = dict[key];
                         Class class = NSClassFromString(classTypeStr);

                         id objChild = [class ys_objectWithDictionary:dictionary[key]];

                         [obj setValue:objChild forKey:key];
                     }
                 }

             }
             else if([dictionary[key] isKindOfClass:[NSArray<NSDictionary *> class]]){ // 属性值为字典数组

             }
             else{
                 [obj setValue:dictionary[key] forKey:key];
             }
         }
     }

     return obj;
 }

 #pragma mark - 字典数组 -> 当前类的对象数组
 + (NSArray *)ys_objectsWithDictionaryArray:(NSArray<NSDictionary *> *)dictArray {

     if (dictArray.count == ) {
         return nil;
     }

     // 当前类的属性数组
     NSArray *list = [self ys_propertiesList];

     NSArray<NSDictionary *> *propertyTypeList = [self ys_propertiesAndTypeList];

     NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];
     for (NSDictionary *dictionary in dictArray) {

         id obj = [self new];

         for (NSString *key in dictionary) {

             if([list containsObject:key]){

                 if ([dictionary[key] isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]){ // 属性值为字典

                     for(NSDictionary *dict in propertyTypeList){

                         if([key isEqualToString: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",dict.allKeys.firstObject]]){

                             NSString *classTypeStr = dict[key];
                             Class class = NSClassFromString(classTypeStr);

                             id objChild = [class ys_objectWithDictionary:dictionary[key]];

                             [obj setValue:objChild forKey:key];
                         }
                     }

                 }
                 else if([dictionary[key] isKindOfClass:[NSArray<NSDictionary *> class]]){ // 属性值为字典数组

                 }
                 else{
                     [obj setValue:dictionary[key] forKey:key];
                 }
             }
         }

         [arrayM addObject:obj];
     }

     return arrayM.copy;
 }

 @end

3、和YYModel一样，如果对象的一个属性为另一个自定义对象，那么同样可以起到连转的作用；

4、但比较遗憾的是，也是和YYModel一样，如果有一个属性是数组，又添加了泛型约束，没有取到这个数组的泛型约束。

我记得，YYModel就有这个问题，因为取不到泛型约束，所以当有属性为数组的时候，需要手动指定数组里面的元素类型。

希望各位大神看到后不吝赐教。

5、最后贴出一个小且非常有趣的小东东，里面的key就是我用上面的 “ys_ivarsList” 获取到所有成员变量，然后一级一级找的^_^

     // 设置随机颜色给Application的statusBar，从此妈妈再也不用担心statusBar的背景色
     id bgStyle = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] valueForKeyPath:@"statusBar.backgroundView.style"];
     [bgStyle setValue:[UIColor redColor] forKey:@"backgroundColor"];

     // frame = (5 649; 55 13)
     // 修改高德地图和logo，删除和替换自己随意定
     UIImageView *imgV = [mapView valueForKey:@"logoImageView"]; // 这就就是高德地图的logo
     imgV.image = nil; //  我们把imageView的图片置为nil
     [mapView setValue:imgV forKey:@"logoImageView"]; // 哈哈，这个高德地图的logo就不见了，妈妈从此再也不需要担心logo了