Docker 安装 MySQL5.6

方法一、docker pull mysql
查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

#docker search mysql

这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6

#docker pull mysql:5.6

（第一次启动Docker-MySql主要是查看Docker里面MySQL的默认配置，数据位置，日志位置，配置文件位置）

#docker run -it --entrypoint /bin/bash --rm mysql:5.6 （创建并进入容器里，方便查看容器里面的默认设置，--rm参数表示退出容器会自动删除当前容器）
#cat /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf(查看默认配置文件)

（第二次启动Docker-MySql）

#docker run --detach \
    --publish 13306:3306 \
    --restart always \
    --volume /data/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
    --volume /data/mysql/mysqldata:/var/lib/mysql \
    --volume /data/mysql/backup:/data/backup \
    --volume /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime \
    --env MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=1234 \
    mysql:5.6 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

停止容器，修改配置文件

#docker ps
#docker stop 4b6967498e1b

增加自定义配置文件，

vim /data/mysql/conf/my.cnf

my.cnf文件内容

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....

[mysqld]
port=3306  # 指定MsSQL侦听的端口
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql3306.sock  # 为MySQL客户程序与服务器之间的本地通信指定一个套接字文件(Linux下默认是/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock文件)
server_id=1
pid_file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql3306.pid
local_infile=1                                                     #开启Load
tmpdir=/tmp
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
back_log=250                                                       #max_connec外的连接数
#skip-grant-tables
max_connections=1024
#wait_timeout=86400
wait_timeout=300                                                   #非交互链接超时时间
#interactive_timeout= 1800
interactive_timeout= 300                                           #交互链接超时时间
max_connect_errors=10000
group_concat_max_len=2048                                          #字符串链接操作长度限制
open_files_limit=8192
skip_external_locking
skip_name_resolve
#skip_networking
max_allowed_packet=32M                                             #server接受数据包大小调整
#thread_cache_size=64
thread_cache_size=20
thread_stack=192K
transaction-isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
#tmp_table_size=128M
tmp_table_size=256M                                                  #临时表空间大小
#max_tmp_tables=100
#max_prepared_stmt_count=1048576
lower_case_table_names=1
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
########log
log_error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql3306.err
slow_query_log=1                                                    #开启慢查询
long_query_time=1                                                   #单位是秒
slow_query_log_file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_slow.log
log_bin=mysqlmaster-bin.log
binlog_cache_size=8M
binlog_format=MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size=1024M
max_binlog_size=1024M
sync_binlog=1
expire_logs_days=15

##########内存，优化，查询
#key_buffer_size=235M
key_buffer_size=512M                                                ##索引缓冲区大小
#read_buffer_size=2M
read_buffer_size=8M                                                 ##读buffer
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
#join_buffer_size=2M
join_buffer_size=16M                                                ##join buffer大小
sort_buffer_size=16M                                                ##排序内存大小，基于链接，值过大会消耗大量内存，性能下降

max_heap_table_size=123M
#query_cache_min_res_unit=2K
#query_cache_limit=2M
#query_cache_size=410M
#query_cache_type=1                                                 #查询缓存0是关，1是开，会消耗性能

##############MYISAM
bulk_insert_buffer_size=64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size=10G
myisam_repair_threads=1
myisam_recover

##########language
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
#########innodb
innodb_file_per_table=1
#innodb_open_file=1678
innodb_open_files=65535                                              #innodb打开文件数
innodb_purge_threads=0
innodb_purge_batch_size=20
innodb_io_capacity=200
innodb_adaptive_flushing=on
innodb_change_buffering=all
innodb_stats_on_metadata=off
innodb_spin_wait_delay=6
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=12
#innodb_open_files=1024            #重复，注释
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=24000M                                      #innodb buffer
innodb_sort_buffer_size=4M
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:12M:autoextend
innodb_autoextend_increment=8M
innodb_read_io_threads=16
innodb_write_io_threads=16
innodb_thread_concurrency=0
innodb_replication_delay=0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
#innodb_log_buffer_size=256M
innodb_log_buffer_size=32M                                           #inondb日志缓冲大小
innodb_log_file_size=256M
#innodb_log_file_size=1024M                                          #innodb日志大小   修改此值数据库无法启动
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=85
#innodb_log_group_home_dir=
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=300                                         #innodb事物锁时间
table_open_cache=16384
#table_definiton_cache=16384
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
[mysql]
no_auto_rehash
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

#sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO

my.cnf

重新启动容器

#docker start 4b6967498e1b

进入容器，修改默认root用户的Host为%，否则在容器外面登录不进去mysql数据库。

#docker exec -it 4b6967498e1b /bin/bash

重启MySql服务

#service mysql restart

宿主执行MySQL备份

#docker exec df687bae1933 sh -c '/data/backup/mysqldump.sh'

宿主定时任务

#crontab -e
00 6 * * * /usr/bin/docker exec df687bae1933 sh -c '/data/backup/mysqldump.sh'

 1 #!/bin/sh
 2 find /data/backup/mysqldump -mtime +2  -exec rm -rf {} \;
 3 DATE=`date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S`
 4 TAR_FILE_PATH="/data/backup/mysqldump/$DATE"
 5 if [ ! -f "$TAR_FILE_PATH" ]; then
 6    mkdir -p  "$TAR_FILE_PATH"
 7 fi
 8
 9 #备份结构
10 /usr/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p1234 -P3306 -d -q program_shopcart 2>>/data/backup/mysql_backup.log | gzip 1>$TAR_FILE_PATH/program_shopcart_d.sql.gz
11 /usr/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p1234 -P3306 -d -q program_website 2>>/data/backup/mysql_backup.log | gzip 1>$TAR_FILE_PATH/program_website_d.sql.gz
12
13
14 #备份数据
15 /usr/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p1234 -P3306 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -R -q --master-data=2 --hex-blob --single-transaction program_shopcart 2>>/data/backup/mysql_backup.log | gzip 1>$TAR_FILE_PATH/program_shopcart.sql.gz
16 /usr/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p1234 -P3306 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -R -q --master-data=2 --hex-blob --single-transaction program_website 2>>/data/backup/mysql_backup.log | gzip 1>$TAR_FILE_PATH/program_website.sql.gz

mysqldump.sh