Mcaca+Python 测试环境搭建及上手

Macaca是一套面向用户端软件的测试解决方案，提供了自动化驱动，周边工具，集成方案，旨在解决终端上的测试、自动化、性能等方面的问题，很多人选择它的原因简单：轻量化（相比于appium），跨平台（windows,android,ios）,持续集成的reliable（Reliable 是 Node.js 实现的分布式持续集成服务） ，元素查看app-inspector，支持用例录制的uirecorder;等等

Macaca环境搭建：

1. 安装nodejs:   https://nodejs.org/en/             （安装这个原因不用说了吧）
2. 安装cnpm切换淘宝源:  npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org ;      （cnpm安装东西能快一点）
3. 安装 macaca-cli:  cnpm i  -g macaca-cli
4. 安装webdriver:  cnpm i -g webdriver-client
5. 安装electron：  cnpm i -g macaca-electron
6. 安装chrome：  npm i macaca-chrome -g
7. 安装chromedriver：  npm i macaca-chromrdrivet -g
8. 安装Android:   npm i macaca-android -g
9. 安装ios:   npm i macaca-ios -g
10. 安装uirecorder（录制脚本）:    npm i uirecorder -g
11. 安装app-inspector（查看元素）:    npm i app-inspector -g
12. 安装Python API： pip install wd

安装完上面的命令，基本上Mcaca+python的环境已经搭建好了；如果是需要进行移动测试，安卓还需要安卓SDK；见我下面这张大图；

Macaca执行测试用例

1. 启动macaca服务： macaca server --verbose；

   C:\Users\Administrator>macaca server --verbose
   >> index.js:: [master] pid: webdriver server start with config:
    { port: ,
     verbose: true,
     always: true,
     ip: '172.27.35.1',
     host: 'USER-6IG90K3098',
     loaded_time: '2017-02-08 15:43:03' }
   >> middlewares.js:: [master] pid: base middlewares attached
   >> router.js:: [master] pid: router set
   >> webdriver sdk launched

2. 执行Python测试用例：python baidu.py;

   C:\Users\Administrator>d:
   
   D:\>cd D:\zsfile\macaca-test-sample-python-master\tests
   
   D:\zsfile\macaca-test-sample-python-master\tests>python baidu.py
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   .C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py::
   ResourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6,
   type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py:: R
   esourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6, t
   ype=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   .C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\wd-0.1.-py3..egg\macaca\remote_invoker.py::
   ResourceWarning: unclosed <socket.socket fd=, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET6,
   type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=, laddr=('::1', , , ), raddr=('::1',
   , , )>
   
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   Ran  tests in .592s
   
   OK

   执行成功如上图；

3. 附上baidu.py代码，用例为测试百度查询；

   # coding=utf-8
   import unittest
   import time
   from macaca import WebDriver
   from macaca import WebElement
   
   desired_caps = {
       'platformName': 'desktop',
       'browserName': 'electron'
   }
   
   server_url = {
       'hostname': 'localhost',
       'port': 3456
   }
   
   class MacacaTest(unittest.TestCase):
   
       @classmethod
       def setUpClass(cls):
           cls.driver = WebDriver(desired_caps, server_url)
           cls.driver.init()
   
       @classmethod
       def tearDownClass(cls):
           cls.driver.quit()
   
       def test_get_url(self):
           self.driver.set_window_size(1280, 800)
           self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
   
       def test_search_macaca(self):
           self.driver.element_by_id('kw').send_keys('macaca')
           self.driver.element_by_id('su').click()
           time.sleep(5)
           html = self.driver.source
           self.assertTrue('macaca'in html)
           self.assertTrue(self.driver.element_by_css_selector_if_exists(
               '#head>div.head_wrapper'))
           self.driver.element_by_xpath_or_none(
               '//*[@id="kw"]').send_keys('elementByXPath')
           self.driver.element_by_id('su').click()
           self.driver.take_screenshot()
   if __name__ == '__main__':
       unittest.main()

   基本上桌面上的就是这样了；android和ios后续再跟上；