Zynq7000开发系列-7（在Zybo上运行Linaro桌面系统）

目标板：Zybo（7Z010）

主机操作系统：Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS 64bit

交叉编译链： arm-xilinx-linux-gnueabi-       [gcc version 4.9.2 (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2015.05-17)]

Linaro系统：linaro-precise-ubuntu-desktop-20120923-436.tar.gz

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〇、准备工作

1、交叉编译环境搭建，见之前的记录：Zynq7000开发系列-4（新：Xilinx交叉编译环境搭建）

2、环境变量设置

gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
在文件底部添加：
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-xilinx-linux-gnueabi-gcc

重启终端后生效。（后续编译命令中即可省略对ARCH、CROSS_COMPILE的指定）

一、硬件平台搭建

[目标文件：硬件平台综合生成的比特流文件system_warpper.bit、SDK创建的FSBL执行文件fsbl.elf、SDK/ubuntu创建的设备树文件system.dts/devicetree.dtb]

1、硬件平台综合生成的比特流文件system_warpper.bit

1）安装Vivado 2015.4，参考：Zynq7000开发系列-1（Vivado HLx 2016.4下载及安装）

2）安装zybo板级文件，参考：Installing Vivado Board Files for Digilent Boards

3）创建硬件工程，如下各图（见注释）：

#1 创建名为my_linux_bd的硬件工程

#2 创建名为system的block design顶层文件，添加zynq系统IP，导入zybo板级配置文件，并做必要修改

#3 添加必要的vivado-library（开源IP核[ axi_dynclk_v1_0、rgb2dvi ]及接口[ tmds_v1_0 ]）

（在工程文件夹内创建名为repo的文件夹，repo文件夹内创建if、ip文件夹，拷贝接口文件tmds_v1_0到if文件夹内，拷贝IP核axi_dynclk_v1_0、rgb2dvi到ip文件夹内，并按下图操作）

（开源vivado-library下载：https://github.com/Digilent/vivado-library）

#4 添加IP核：axi_dynclk_v1_0、rgb2dvi、gpio、vdma、vtc、stream2video等IP核，并作布线如下图所示

（布线方法：先手动连接时钟信号线FCLK_CLK0、FCLK_CLK1，然后点击上方的绿色自动布线选项）

其中，关键IP核配置如下：

##1 vdma

##2 vtc

##3 axis_subset_converter

##4 stream2video

##5 rgb2dvi

##6 gpio

##7 图中两个常量IP均为一位，数值为1，其一使converter不重置，其二使HDMI_OEN输出为高电平，指示当前hdmi为输出模式

#5 点击“validate design”，验证没有错误后，添加引脚约束文件，修改自ZYBO_Master.xdc

## This file is a general .xdc for the ZYBO Rev B board
## To use it in a project:
## - uncomment the lines corresponding to used pins
## - rename the used signals according to the project

##Audio Codec/external EEPROM IIC bus
#IO_L13P_T2_MRCC_34
set_property PACKAGE_PIN N18 [get_ports iic_0_scl_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports iic_0_scl_io]

#IO_L23P_T3_34
set_property PACKAGE_PIN N17 [get_ports iic_0_sda_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports iic_0_sda_io]

##HDMI Signals
#IO_L13N_T2_MRCC_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports TMDS_clk_n]

#IO_L13P_T2_MRCC_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN H16 [get_ports TMDS_clk_p]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports TMDS_clk_p]

#IO_L4N_T0_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_n[]}]

#IO_L4P_T0_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN D19 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[]}]

#IO_L1N_T0_AD0N_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_n[]}]

#IO_L1P_T0_AD0P_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN C20 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[]}]

#IO_L2N_T0_AD8N_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_n[]}]

#IO_L2P_T0_AD8P_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN B19 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[]}]

#IO_L5P_T0_AD9P_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN E18 [get_ports {hdmi_hpd_tri_i[]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports {hdmi_hpd_tri_i[]}]

##IO_L6N_T0_VREF_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN F17 [get_ports {HDMI_OEN[]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports {HDMI_OEN[]}]

#IO_L16P_T2_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN G17 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_scl_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_scl_io]

#IO_L16N_T2_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN G18 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_sda_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_sda_io]

#6 点击“generate bitstream”，等待生成比特流文件

2、SDK创建的FSBL执行文件fsbl.elf

略。

3、SDK/ubuntu创建的设备树文件system.dts/devicetree.dtb

1）下载device_tree配置文件，链接：https://github.com/Xilinx/device-tree-xlnx/releases（注意下载的版本与vivado版本匹配）

2）SDK添加device_tree配置文件

Xilinx Tools -> Repositories -> New

3）SDK创建device_tree工程，生成dts文件

File -> New -> Board Support Package

4）bootagrs参数设定

（e.g.  console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw earlyprintk rootfstype=ext4 rootwait devtmpfs.mount=1）

5）[重要] 根据相关硬件做出修改，如下：

#1 添加usb驱动配置

在pl.dtsi文件中最后一个分号“ } ; ”前添加：

/*add for usb0*/
    usb_phy_0: usb_phy {
        compatible = "usb-nop-xceiv";
        #phy-cells = <0x0>;
    };

并在zynq-7000.dtsi文件中，usb0标签的最后一个分号“ } ; ”前添加：

usb-phy = <&usb_phy_0>;//add for usb0

#2 添加hdmi驱动配置

在pl.dtsi文件中，amba_pl标签内作如下修改：

amba_pl: amba_pl {
        #address-cells = <>;
        #size-cells = <>;
        compatible = "simple-bus";
        ranges ;
        axi_dynclk_0: axi_dynclk@43c00000 {
            #clock-cells = <0x0>;//add
            compatible = "digilent,axi-dynclk";//change
            reg = <0x43c00000 0x10000>;
            xlnx,s00-axi-addr-width = <0x5>;
            xlnx,s00-axi-data-width = <0x20>;
            clocks = <&clkc  0xf>;//add, 0xf不能删掉
        };
        axi_gpio_hdmi: gpio@ {
            #gpio-cells = <>;
            compatible = "xlnx,xps-gpio-1.00.a";
            gpio-controller ;
            interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
            interrupts = <  >;
            reg = <0x41200000 0x10000>;
            xlnx,all-inputs = <0x1>;
            xlnx,all-inputs- = <0x0>;
            xlnx,all-outputs = <0x0>;
            xlnx,all-outputs- = <0x0>;
            xlnx,dout-default = <0x00000000>;
            xlnx,dout-default- = <0x00000000>;
            xlnx,gpio-width = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gpio2-width = <0x20>;
            xlnx,interrupt-present = <0x1>;
            xlnx,is-dual = <0x0>;
            xlnx,tri-default = <0xFFFFFFFF>;
            xlnx,tri-default- = <0xFFFFFFFF>;
        };
        axi_vdma_0: dma@ {
            #dma-cells = <>;
            compatible = "xlnx,axi-vdma-1.00.a";
            interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
            interrupts = <  >;
            reg = <0x43000000 0x10000>;
            //xlnx,flush-fsync = <0x1>;//change
            xlnx,num-fstores = <0x1>;
            dma-channel@ {
                compatible = "xlnx,axi-vdma-mm2s-channel";
                interrupts = <  >;
                clocks = <&clkc>;//add
                clock-names = "axis";//add
                xlnx,datawidth = <0x20>;
                xlnx,device-id = <0x0>;
            };
        };
        v_tc_0: v_tc@43c10000 {
            compatible = "xlnx,v-tc-5.01.a";//change
            interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
            interrupts = <  >;
            reg = <0x43c10000 0x10000>;
            xlnx,det-achroma-en = <0x0>;
            xlnx,det-avideo-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,det-fieldid-en = <0x0>;
            xlnx,det-hblank-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,det-hsync-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,det-vblank-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,det-vsync-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,detect-en = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart0 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart1 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart10 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart11 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart12 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart13 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart14 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart15 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart2 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart3 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart4 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart5 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart6 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart7 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart8 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-hstart9 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart0 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart1 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart10 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart11 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart12 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart13 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart14 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart15 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart2 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart3 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart4 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart5 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart6 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart7 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart8 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,fsync-vstart9 = <0x0>;
            xlnx,gen-achroma-en = <0x0>;
            xlnx,gen-achroma-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-auto-switch = <0x0>;
            xlnx,gen-avideo-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-avideo-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-cparity = <0x0>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vblank-hend = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vblank-hstart = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vframe-size = <0x2ee>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-hend = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-hstart = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-vend = <0x2d9>;
            xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-vstart = <0x2d4>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vblank-hend = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vblank-hstart = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vframe-size = <0x2ee>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-hend = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-hstart = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-vend = <0x2d9>;
            xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-vstart = <0x2d4>;
            xlnx,gen-fieldid-en = <0x0>;
            xlnx,gen-fieldid-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-hactive-size = <0x500>;
            xlnx,gen-hblank-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-hblank-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-hframe-size = <0x672>;
            xlnx,gen-hsync-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-hsync-end = <0x596>;
            xlnx,gen-hsync-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-hsync-start = <0x56e>;
            xlnx,gen-interlaced = <0x0>;
            xlnx,gen-vactive-size = <0x2d0>;
            xlnx,gen-vblank-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-vblank-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-video-format = <0x2>;
            xlnx,gen-vsync-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,gen-vsync-polarity = <0x1>;
            xlnx,generate-en = <0x1>;
            xlnx,has-axi4-lite = <0x1>;
            xlnx,has-intc-if = <0x0>;
            xlnx,interlace-en = <0x0>;
            xlnx,max-lines = <0x1000>;
            xlnx,max-pixels = <0x1000>;
            xlnx,num-fsyncs = <0x1>;
            xlnx,sync-en = <0x0>;
        };
        /*add for vga_hdmi_encoder*/
        digilent_encoder_0: digilent_encoder {
            compatible = "dglnt,drm-encoder";
            dglnt,edid-i2c = <&i2c1>;
        };
        /*add for drm*/
        xilinx_drm_0: xilinx_drm {
            compatible = "xlnx,drm";
            xlnx,vtc = <&v_tc_0>;
            xlnx,connector-type = "HDMIA";
            xlnx,encoder-slave = <&digilent_encoder_0>;
            clocks = <&axi_dynclk_0>;
            dglnt,edid-i2c = <&i2c1>;
            planes {
                xlnx,pixel-format = "xrgb8888";
                plane0 {
                    dmas = <&axi_vdma_0 >;//0不能删掉
                    dma-names = "dma";
                };
            };
        };
    };

6）修改后，工程会重新编译，复制device_tree_dsp_0整个文件夹到ubuntu系统下，执行以下命令生成设备树文件devicetree.dtb

cd device_tree_dsp_0
dtc -I dts -O dtb ./system.dts -o devicetree.dtb

（前提：安装dtc工具，或从Linux kernel源码中拷贝dtc执行文件出来）

（安装命令：sudo apt-get install device-tree-compile）

二、软件平台搭建

[目标文件：启动引导程序u-boot.elf、Linux内核文件uImage、文件系统linaro]

[待续...]

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官方教程链接：

ZYBOt Guide [Reference.Digilentinc]
https://reference.digilentinc.com/learn/programmable-logic/tutorials/zybo-zybot-guide/start

Zybot - Getting Started Guide and Source Code: 8 Steps
http://www.instructables.com/id/Zybot-Getting-Started-Guide/

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搭建好了硬件平台、Linaro软件桌面系统，下一步便是开发应用程序（用到Qt与OpenCV），然后交叉编译后移植到Linaro系统中运行。但此时又发生了一个重大问题：交叉编译后的应用程序不能运行，涉及到Linaro系统编译时所用的编译器版本问题、2012年后Linaro系统加载程序的路径及名称问题，以至于需要重装交叉编译链、重新交叉编译Qt与OpenCV等，下一篇文章再续。