Lucene 4.x Spellcheck使用说明

　　Spellcheck是Lucene新版本的功能，在介绍spellcheck之前，我们需要弄清楚Spellcheck支持几种数据源。Spellcheck构造函数需要传入Dictionary接口：

　　

package org.apache.lucene.search.spell;
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 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.search.suggest.InputIterator;

/**
 * A simple interface representing a Dictionary. A Dictionary
 * here is a list of entries, where every entry consists of
 * term, weight and payload.
 *
 */
public interface Dictionary {

  /**
   * Returns an iterator over all the entries
   * @return Iterator
   */
  InputIterator getEntryIterator() throws IOException;
}

　　常用的Dictionary主要有以下几种，常用的主要有基于文本型的和基于lucene索引构建的：

　　

　　下面是我测试用的一段代码，代码包括索引构建和索引查询：

　　

package com.tianditu.com.search;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;
import org.apache.lucene.search.spell.LuceneDictionary;
import org.apache.lucene.search.spell.SpellChecker;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.MMapDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;

public class GlobalSuggest {

	//拼写检查构建的索引
	private  final String SPELL_CHECK_FOLDER = "c:\\spellcheck\\";

	//根据已有的索引
	private final String GLOBAL_PINYIN_SUGGEST = "O:\\searchwork_custom\\data_index\\pinyin2008\\";

	//构建索引
	public void testIndexPinyin2008() throws IOException{

		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		//北京吉威时代软件股份有限公司
		//String indexDir ="O:\\searchwork_custom\\data_index\\GlobalIndex\\";
		Directory direct = new MMapDirectory(new File(GLOBAL_PINYIN_SUGGEST));

		LuceneDictionary ld = new LuceneDictionary(DirectoryReader.open(direct), "name");

		ld.getEntryIterator();

		Directory spd = FSDirectory.open(new File(SPELL_CHECK_FOLDER));

		SpellChecker sc = new SpellChecker(spd);
		//sc.in

		IndexWriterConfig iwc = new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_30,null);

		//往spellcheck目录下写索引--------------
		sc.indexDictionary(ld, iwc, true);

		sc.close();

		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("索引完毕,耗时:"+(end-start)+"ms");
	}

	public void testIndex() throws IOException{
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		//北京吉威时代软件股份有限公司
		String indexDir ="O:\\searchwork_custom\\data_index\\GlobalIndex\\";
		Directory direct = new MMapDirectory(new File(indexDir));

		LuceneDictionary ld = new LuceneDictionary(DirectoryReader.open(direct), "name");

		ld.getEntryIterator();

		Directory spd = FSDirectory.open(new File(SPELL_CHECK_FOLDER));

		SpellChecker sc = new SpellChecker(spd);
		//sc.in

		IndexWriterConfig iwc = new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_30,null);

		sc.indexDictionary(ld, iwc, true);

		sc.close();

		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("索引完毕,耗时:"+(end-start)+"ms");
	}

	public void testSearch(String wd) throws IOException{

		//构建Directory
		Directory spd = FSDirectory.open(new File(SPELL_CHECK_FOLDER));

		//实例化 spellcheck组件

		SpellChecker sc = new SpellChecker(spd);

		//根据输入关键字  获得N条最相近的几率 第三个鄙视精确度 越大越匹配 安装实际需要调整
		String[] suggests = sc.suggestSimilar(wd, 10,0.6f);
		if(suggests!=null){
			for(String word:suggests){
				System.out.println("Dou you mean:"+word);
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

		GlobalSuggest spellcheck = new GlobalSuggest();
		//spellcheck.testIndexPinyin2008();
		spellcheck.testSearch("beijing京鸭");

		//spellcheck.testSearch("beijng");

	}

}

　　其中索引构建处代码：

　　

	//构建索引
	public void testIndexPinyin2008() throws IOException{

		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		//北京吉威时代软件股份有限公司
		//String indexDir ="O:\\searchwork_custom\\data_index\\GlobalIndex\\";
		Directory direct = new MMapDirectory(new File(GLOBAL_PINYIN_SUGGEST));

		LuceneDictionary ld = new LuceneDictionary(DirectoryReader.open(direct), "name");

		ld.getEntryIterator();

		Directory spd = FSDirectory.open(new File(SPELL_CHECK_FOLDER));

		SpellChecker sc = new SpellChecker(spd);
		//sc.in

		IndexWriterConfig iwc = new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_30,null);

		//往spellcheck目录下写索引--------------
		sc.indexDictionary(ld, iwc, true);

		sc.close();

		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("索引完毕,耗时:"+(end-start)+"ms");
	}

　　此处代码，就是根据已有的索引来构建Spellcheck所需的索引。

Spellcheck查询索引代码片段如下：

　　

//构建Directory
		Directory spd = FSDirectory.open(new File(SPELL_CHECK_FOLDER));

		//实例化 spellcheck组件

		SpellChecker sc = new SpellChecker(spd);

		//根据输入关键字  获得N条最相近的几率 第三个鄙视精确度 越大越匹配 安装实际需要调整
		String[] suggests = sc.suggestSimilar(wd, 10,0.6f);
		if(suggests!=null){
			for(String word:suggests){
				System.out.println("Dou you mean:"+word);
			}
		}

　相关算法：默认是 LevensteinDistance 。

　　　　　

　查询样例：

　　　　1、查询汉字，有错别字情况：

　　　　

　　　　2、查询拼音：

　　　　

　　　　3、拼音汉字夹杂：

　　　　

（备注：发现问题了，拼音和汉字夹杂的情况不行，如果想使用，需要进行某种处理。）

　　　　4、如果处理一长串汉字，中间夹杂错别字：

　　　　

　　总结：看来spellcheck能力还是有限，如果需要用还可能改造。