Tkinter Text(文本)

     Tkinter Text(文本)： 文本小部件提供先进的功能，让您编辑多行文本格式，如改变其颜色和字体的方式显示.

 

文本小部件提供先进的功能，让您编辑多行文本格式，如改变其颜色和字体的方式显示，.

您还可以使用标签和商标一样优雅的结构，找到特定部分的文本，并更改应用到这些领域。此外，你可以嵌入在文本和图像的窗口，因为这个小工具的目的是要处理的平原和格式化文本.

语法:

这里是一个简单的语法来创建这个widget:

w = Text ( master, option, ... )

参数:

• master: 这代表了父窗口.

• options: 下面是这个小工具最常用的选项列表。这些选项可以作为键 - 值对以逗号分隔.

Option	Description
bg	The default background color of the text widget.
bd	The width of the border around the text widget. Default is 2 pixels.
cursor	The cursor that will appear when the mouse is over the text widget.
exportselection	Normally, text selected within a text widget is exported to be the selection in the window manager. Set exportselection=0 if you don't want that behavior.
font	The default font for text inserted into the widget.
fg	The color used for text (and bitmaps) within the widget. You can change the color for tagged regions; this option is just the default.
height	The height of the widget in lines (not pixels!), measured according to the current font size.
highlightbackground	The color of the focus highlight when the text widget does not have focus.
highlightcolor	The color of the focus highlight when the text widget has the focus.
highlightthickness	The thickness of the focus highlight. Default is 1. Set highlightthickness=0 to suppress display of the focus highlight.
insertbackground	The color of the insertion cursor. Default is black.
insertborderwidth	Size of the 3-D border around the insertion cursor. Default is 0.
insertofftime	The number of milliseconds the insertion cursor is off during its blink cycle. Set this option to zero to suppress blinking. Default is 300.
insertontime	The number of milliseconds the insertion cursor is on during its blink cycle. Default is 600.
insertwidth	Width of the insertion cursor (its height is determined by the tallest item in its line). Default is 2 pixels.
padx	The size of the internal padding added to the left and right of the text area. Default is one pixel.
pady	The size of the internal padding added above and below the text area. Default is one pixel.
relief	The 3-D appearance of the text widget. Default is relief=SUNKEN.
selectbackground	The background color to use displaying selected text.
selectborderwidth	The width of the border to use around selected text.
spacing1	This option specifies how much extra vertical space is put above each line of text. If a line wraps, this space is added only before the first line it occupies on the display. Default is 0.
spacing2	This option specifies how much extra vertical space to add between displayed lines of text when a logical line wraps. Default is 0.
spacing3	This option specifies how much extra vertical space is added below each line of text. If a line wraps, this space is added only after the last line it occupies on the display. Default is 0.
state	Normally, text widgets respond to keyboard and mouse events; set state=NORMAL to get this behavior. If you set state=DISABLED, the text widget will not respond, and you won't be able to modify its contents programmatically either.
tabs	This option controls how tab characters position text.
width	The width of the widget in characters (not pixels!), measured according to the current font size.
wrap	This option controls the display of lines that are too wide. Set wrap=WORD and it will break the line after the last word that will fit. With the default behavior, wrap=CHAR, any line that gets too long will be broken at any character.
xscrollcommand	To make the text widget horizontally scrollable, set this option to the set() method of the horizontal scrollbar.
yscrollcommand	To make the text widget vertically scrollable, set this option to the set() method of the vertical scrollbar.

方法:

文本对象，这些方法:

Methods & Description

delete(startindex [,endindex])
This method deletes a specific character or a range of text.

get(startindex [,endindex])
This method returns a specific character or a range of text.

index(index)
Returns the absolute value of an index based on the given index.

insert(index [,string]...)
This method inserts strings at the specified index location.

see(index)
This method returns true if the text located at the index position is visible.

文本组件支持三种不同的辅助结构：标记，选项卡，和索引:

标记是使用书签在一个给定的文本两个字符之间的位置。处理标记时，我们可用下列方法:

Methods & Description
index(mark) Returns the line and column location of a specific mark.
mark_gravity(mark [,gravity]) Returns the gravity of the given mark. If the second argument is provided, the gravity is set for the given mark.
mark_names() Returns all marks from the Text widget.
mark_set(mark, index) Informs a new position to the given mark.
mark_unset(mark) Removes the given mark from the Text widget.

标签是用来关联名称的文本，这使得容易修改特定的文本区显示设定的任务的地区。标签也可以用来绑定事件回调到特定范围的文字.

以下是可用的方法处理标签:

Methods & Description

tag_add(tagname, startindex[,endindex] ...)
This method tags either the position defined by startindex, or a range delimited by the positions startindex and endindex.

tag_config
You can use this method to configure the tag properties, which include, justify(center, left, or right), tabs(this property has the same functionality of the Text widget tabs's property), and underline(used to underline the tagged text).

tag_delete(tagname)
This method is used to delete and remove a given tag.

tag_remove(tagname [,startindex[.endindex]] ...)
After applying this method, the given tag is removed from the provided area without deleting the actual tag definition.

方法:

自行尝试下面的例子:

from Tkinter import *

def onclick():
   pass

root = Tk()
text = Text(root)
text.insert(INSERT, "Hello.....")
text.insert(END, "Bye Bye.....")
text.pack()

text.tag_add("here", "1.0", "1.4")
text.tag_add("start", "1.8", "1.13")
text.tag_config("here", background="yellow", foreground="blue")
text.tag_config("start", background="black", foreground="green")
root.mainloop()

这将产生以下结果: