Spring3.x 版本和 JDK1.8 不兼容导致 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext

由于安装了 JDK1.8 的版本，最近在进行整合 Struts2+Spring+Hibernate 框架的时候，不小心导入了之前下载的 Spring 3.2.0 版本的 jar 包。

结果在运行测试用例的时候，总是显示红条，报出 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext 的错误。

异常描述：

  1 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
  2 	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext
  3 (TestContext.java:157)
  4 	at
  5 org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.
  6 setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:103)
  7 	at
  8 org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance
  9 (ServletTestExecutionListener.java:73)
 10 	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance
 11 (TestContextManager.java:313)
 12 	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest
 13 (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
 14 	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
 15 $1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
 16 	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run
 17 (ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
 18 	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock
 19 (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
 20 	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild
 21 (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
 22 	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild
 23 (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
 24 	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
 25 	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
 26 	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
 27 	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
 28 	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
 29 	at
 30 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate
 31 (RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
 32 	at
 33 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate
 34 (RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
 35 	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
 36 	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run
 37 (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
 38 	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run
 39 (JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
 40 	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
 41 	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests
 42 (RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
 43 	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests
 44 (RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
 45 	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run
 46 (RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
 47 	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main
 48 (RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
 49 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
 50 	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(Unknown Source)
 51 	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(Unknown Source)
 52 	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(Unknown Source)
 53 	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.<init>
 54 (SimpleMetadataReader.java:52)
 55 	at
 56 org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader
 57 (SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:80)
 58 	at
 59 org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader
 60 (CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:101)
 61 	at
 62 org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader
 63 (SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:76)
 64 	at
 65 org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassUtils.
 66 checkConfigurationClassCandidate(ConfigurationClassUtils.java:70)
 67 	at
 68 org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.
 69 processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:253)
 70 	at
 71 org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.
 72 postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:223)
 73 	at
 74 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.
 75 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:630)
 76 	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh
 77 (AbstractApplicationContext.java:461)
 78 	at
 79 org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext
 80 (AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:106)
 81 	at
 82 org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext
 83 (AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:57)
 84 	at
 85 org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.
 86 delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
 87 	at
 88 org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext
 89 (AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
 90 	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext
 91 (TestContext.java:124)
 92 	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext
 93 (TestContext.java:148)
 94 	... 24 more

经查明问题的原因是：安装的 JDK 版本和 Myeclipse 项目 lib 中导入的 Spring 的 jar 包版本存在不兼容的情况。

解决办法：

一：把 JDK 版本换成1.7 or 1.7以下

二：使用 Spring 4.0 RELEASE 及以上版本

关于 JDK 各个版本的下载：

可以点击链接：http://java.sun.com/products/archive/

关于 Spring 各个版本 jar 包的下载：

可以点击链接：http://repo.spring.io

鼠标点击左侧导航栏  –> 符号展开菜单选择 Artifacts 选项  –> 选择子菜单下的 libs-release-local 选项  –> 依次进入其子目录 org/springframework/spring 就可以看到 spring 各版本信息了  –> 选择需要的 spring 版本 ( 例如 4.3.8.RELEASE ，点击打开选择 spring-framework-4.3.8.RELEASE-dist.zip )，下载解压即可获得 jar 包、api 等文件。