随笔记：如何使用Python连接（/操作）Oracle数据库（Windows平台下）

遇到需求，我们需要用Python对Oracle数据库进行操作。

这次我们使用cx_Oracle

Oracle Client

在安装cx_Oracle之前，先安装Oracle客户端。

cx_Oracle

cx_Oracle是一个遵循Python数据库API接口的扩展模块，可通过她对Oracle进行操作。

目前，可从此地址下载：http://cx-oracle.sourceforge.net/

我下载的是针对Python2.7、Oracle11g、Win32的版本：cx_Oracle-5.1.3-11g.win32-py2.7.exe (md5)

其安装过程如一般软件。

在代码中即可引入cx_Oracle对数据库进行操作。如以下代码：

查询数据

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python
import cx_Oracle;

conn = None;
cursor = None;
try:
    conn = cx_Oracle.connect('userid/password@xx.xx.xx.xx/sid');
    cursor = conn.cursor();
    cursor.execute('select t.empno, t.ename from scott.emp t');
    # 取回的是列表，列表中包含元组
    list = cursor.fetchall();
    print list;

    for record in list:
        print "Record %d is %s!" % (record[0], record[1]);

except Exception as e:
    print ('Error : {}'.format(e));
finally:
    cursor.close;
    print 'cursor closed';
    conn.close;
    print 'connection closed';
    

插入数据

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python
import cx_Oracle;
import time;

conn = None;
cursor = None;
try:
    conn = cx_Oracle.connect('userid/password@xx.xx.xx.xx/sid');
    cursor = conn.cursor();
    tuple = ('', 'Nick Huang');
    cursor.execute("insert into scott.emp (empno, ename) values (:1, :2)", tuple);
    conn.commit();
    print 'Insert successfully.';

except Exception as e:
    print ('Error : {}'.format(e));
finally:
    cursor.close;
    print 'cursor closed';
    conn.close;
    print 'connection closed';
    

更新数据

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python
import cx_Oracle;
import time;

conn = None;
cursor = None;
try:
    conn = cx_Oracle.connect('userid/password@xx.xx.xx.xx/sid');
    cursor = conn.cursor();
    tuple = ('Robin Chen', '');
    cursor.execute("update scott.emp t set t.ename = :1 where t.empno = :2", tuple);
    conn.commit();
    print 'Update successfully.';

except Exception as e:
    print ('Error : {}'.format(e));
finally:
    cursor.close;
    print 'cursor closed';
    conn.close;
    print 'connection closed';
    

删除数据

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python
import cx_Oracle;
import time;

conn = None;
cursor = None;
try:
    conn = cx_Oracle.connect('userid/password@xx.xx.xx.xx/sid');
    cursor = conn.cursor();
    param_map = {'id' : ''};
    cursor.execute("delete from scott.emp t where t.empno = :id", param_map);
    conn.commit();
    print 'Delete successfully.';

except Exception as e:
    print ('Error : {}'.format(e));
finally:
    cursor.close;
    print 'cursor closed';
    conn.close;
    print 'connection closed';
    

崎岖

1、运行时，报如下异常，发现是Oracle客户端与cx_Oracle版本不一致导致的。

我的Oracle客户端安装的是10g，cx_Oracle是11g的，我重新安装了10g的cx_Oracle就可以了。

D:\python27_workspace>"019.edit oracle.py"
Error : ORA-24315: illegal attribute type

2、报如下异常，一般为cx_Oracle不支持此种参数绑定方式

Error : ORA-01036: illegal variable name/number

如下面方式绑定一个参数，不知为何帮上述异常，后来换成元组的形式绑定参数，就OK了

#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/python
import cx_Oracle;
import time;

conn = None;
cursor = None;
try:
    conn = cx_Oracle.connect('apps/apps@192.168.0.206/PROD');
    cursor = conn.cursor();
    tuple = ('');
    cursor.execute("delete from scott.emp t where t.empno = :1", tuple);
    conn.commit();
    print 'Delete successfully.';

except Exception as e:
    print ('Error : {}'.format(e));
finally:
    cursor.close;
    print 'cursor closed';
    conn.close;
    print 'connection closed';
    

参考：

http://blog.csdn.net/kongxx/article/details/7107661

http://evil850209.iteye.com/blog/1394932