【Leetcode】【Medium】Search a 2D Matrix
Write an efficient algorithm that searches for a value in an m x n matrix. This matrix has the following properties:
- Integers in each row are sorted from left to right.
- The first integer of each row is greater than the last integer of the previous row.
For example,
Consider the following matrix:
[
[1, 3, 5, 7],
[10, 11, 16, 20],
[23, 30, 34, 50]
]
Given target = 3, return true.
解题思路:
在有序队列中寻找目标值,典型的二分搜索应用。
可以有两种思路:(1)使用两次二分搜索,先二分搜索列,确定列之后再二分搜索行;(2)将所有元素看成一列有序数列,每个元素的下标是 row*n + col,这样只需使用一次二分搜索;
虽然第二种思路只使用一次二分搜索,代码简介,但是使用第一种思路更好:
1、方法2需要过多的“/”和“%”运算,大大降低了性能;
2、方法2对比方法1,时间复杂度没有提高;
3、由于所有元素标注为0~m*n,相比方法1先在n中二分搜索,再在m中二分搜索,方法2的做法更可能导致整数越界;
因此,选择使用方法1.
代码:
class Solution {
public:
bool searchMatrix(vector<vector<int>>& matrix, int target) {
int first = ;
int last = matrix.size() - ;
while (first < last) {
int mid = (first + last) / + ;
if (matrix[mid][] > target)
last = mid - ;
else
first = mid;
}
if (matrix[first][] > target)
return false;
int row = first;
first = ;
last = matrix[row].size() - ;
while (first < last) {
int mid = (first + last) / ;
if (matrix[row][mid] > target)
last = mid;
else if (matrix[row][mid] == target)
return true;
else
first = mid + ;
}
return (matrix[row][first] == target);
}
};
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