Kali-Linux-配置开发环境

本文主要讲解JDK、SDK、eclipse-adt、android studio、cpu模式TensorFlow 的安装配置。update:2019-08-30 03:31:46

JDK

当前系统jdk为openjdk10，导致很多旧版工具无法使用。发现/usr/lib/jvm里面有其他版本。

用sudo update-alternatives --config java切换成最低的，保证兼容性。

$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
There are 3 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).

  Selection    Path                                            Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1101      auto mode
  1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1101      manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1081      manual mode
  3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/bin/java       1091      manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in manual mode
$ java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_171"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_171-8u171-b11-2-b11)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.171-b11, mixed mode)

ORACLE版的JAVA官网把旧版链接给关了，最近意外找到一个java8的下载地址。

IBM版的JAVA链接倒是挺全，下载位置在这里。

具体上面三个版本差异不作深究，目前保证openjdk8能用即可。

• JAVA安装步骤。

#解压安装
$ tar -xzvf jdk*.tar.gz
$ sudo cp -r jdk1.8* /usr/lib/jvm/
#配置JAVA
$ sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java" 100
$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
There are 4 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).

  Selection    Path                                            Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1101      auto mode
  1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1101      manual mode
* 2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1081      manual mode
  3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/bin/java       1091      manual mode
  4            /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java               100       manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 4
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in manual mode
#配置JAVAC
$ sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/javac" 100
$ sudo update-alternatives --config javac
There are 3 choices for the alternative javac (providing /usr/bin/javac).

  Selection    Path                                          Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac   1101      auto mode
  1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac   1101      manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac    1091      manual mode
  3            /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/javac            100       manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 3
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/javac to provide /usr/bin/javac (javac) in manual mode
#配置JAR
$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/jar 100
$ sudo update-alternatives --config jar
There are 4 choices for the alternative jar (providing /usr/bin/jar).

  Selection    Path                                        Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/jar   1101      auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/fastjar                             100       manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/bin/jar   1101      manual mode
  3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/bin/jar    1091      manual mode
* 4            /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/jar            100       manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 4
#配置JAVA环境变量
$ export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/
$ export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/jre
$ export PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_191/jre/bin
#验证安装情况
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_191"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

sdk

sudo apt-get install android*

这里有个问题，后面的android studio配置sdk时，普通用户会遇到目录无法写入的情况，不知道通用的办法是如何解决的。采取的临时方案是更改/usr/share/android-sdk目录的所有者权限：

sudo chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) /usr/share/android-sdk

如有更好的方法，后续于此更新。

• 手机连接后，adb devices提示：no permissions (udev requires plugdev group membership)，解决步骤在这里。

eclipse-adt

不要使用apt install 安装，那个版本的一堆问题。从网上下载集成版的，解压使用。

遇到问题：error while loading shared libraries: libz.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory.

解决方案： sudo apt-get install lib32z1

android studio

1. 下载前先开1antern，这个时候，android-sdk的代理界面要确保清空，以防干扰，终端输入android，配置如图：
   
   
2. 去https://developer.android.com/studio/下载安装包，然后解压到指定目录
3. 启动 ~/android-studio/bin/studio.sh ， 新建项目，初始化设置
   
   
4. 如果gradle从dl.google.com下载时始终404，在站长之家的ping测试页面找几个ip，添加到/etc/hosts里面。
   
   
5. 接下来等待进度条跑完就可以了，没有喝咖啡的习惯，那就来包泡面先……
   
   
   
   最后，别忘了关灯：ALT+F2、killall lantern，回车。

备用方案：

• 代理地址:mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn 端口：80
• 离线下载gradle，不过版本不好控制匹配，不推荐。
  
  

TensorFlow cpu模式

apt-get install python-pip python-dev -y
pip install https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.12.1-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

测试下：

>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> hello = tf.constant('Hello, TensorFlow!')
>>> sess = tf.Session()
>>> print(sess.run(hello))
Hello, TensorFlow!
>>> a = tf.constant(10)
>>> b = tf.constant(32)
>>> print(sess.run(a+b))
42
>>> 

参考

安装：https://medium.com/@firebitsbr/installing-tensorflow-on-kali-rolling-base-cpu-mode-41d05b912155

tf官网：https://www.tensorflow.org/get_started/os_setup#pip_installation

cuda:https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html

CMake

make命令只是进行了编译，还需要make install来安装

软件安装位置，是由Makefile决定默认安装位置的，一般情况下，都是在/usr/local目录，也可以通过指定prefix=/path/to来决定