[django]date类型和datetime类型过滤

搞清楚datetime.datetime和datetime.date模块

他们两个的格式区别

datetime模块

In [1]: from datetime import datetime

In [2]: datetime.now()
Out[2]: datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 19, 9, 30, 34, 795738)

In [3]: print(datetime.now())
2018-11-19 09:30:40.604522

date模块

In [1]: import datetime

In [5]: print(datetime.date(2018,11,11))
2018-11-11

django里datetime.datetime和datetime.date模块显示

from datetime import datetime

class People(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    age = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    part = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
    date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

库里存储

2018-11-19 09:24:13.531194

后台展示

admin.py

from .models import People

class PeopleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['name', 'age', 'part', 'add_time', 'date']
    # list_filter = ['name', 'age', 'part']
    # search_fields = ['name', 'age', 'part']

admin.site.register(People, PeopleAdmin)

datetime.date字段sql

发现对models.DateField的字段过滤很好用

In [25]: People.objects.filter(date__day=19).query.__str__()
Out[25]: 'SELECT `app03_people`.`id`, `app03_people`.`name`, `app03_people`.`age`, `app03_people`.`part`, `app03_people`.`add_time`, `app03_people`.`date` FROM `app03_people` WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM `app03_people`.`date`) = 19'

参考: https://www.django.cn/article/show-15.html?tdsourcetag=s_pcqq_aiomsg

# 匹配日期，date
User.objects.filter(create_time__date=datetime.date(2018, 8, 1))
User.objects.filter(create_time__date__gt=datetime.date(2018, 8, 2))

# 匹配年，year
User.objects.filter(create_time__year=2018)
User.objects.filter(create_time__year__gte=2018)

# 匹配月，month
User.objects.filter(create_time__month__gt=7)
User.objects.filter(create_time__month__gte=7)

# 匹配日，day
User.objects.filter(create_time__day=8)
User.objects.filter(create_time__day__gte=8)

# 匹配周，week_day
 User.objects.filter(create_time__week_day=2)
User.objects.filter(create_time__week_day__gte=2)

# 匹配时，hour
User.objects.filter(create_time__hour=9)
User.objects.filter(create_time__hour__gte=9)

# 匹配分，minute
User.objects.filter(create_time__minute=15)
User.objects.filter(create_time__minute_gt=15)

# 匹配秒，second
User.objects.filter(create_time__second=15)
User.objects.filter(create_time__second__gte=15)

# 按天统计归档
today = datetime.date.today()
select = {'day': connection.ops.date_trunc_sql('day', 'create_time')}
deploy_date_count = Task.objects.filter(
    create_time__range=(today - datetime.timedelta(days=7), today)
).extra(select=select).values('day').annotate(number=Count('id'))
Q 的使用

models.DateTimeField的过滤

auto_now_add  自动添加,以添加记录时日期
auto_add      每次更新记录,自动更新

库里我想存储models.DateTimeField类型, 不想存储models.DateField类型, 因为time还需要展示的

方法1:

前端获取date, 过滤后返回

People.objects.filter(add_time__lt = datetime.datetime(2018,11,19))

- 但是每次会提示这个
E:\learn\learndj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\fields\__init__.py:1421: RuntimeWarning: DateTimeField People.add_time received a naive datetime (2018-11-19 00:00:00) while time zone support is active.
  RuntimeWarning)

settings里时区设置

1.要么不设置

2.要么设置成

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False

db里均存储的是当前系统时间.(不会差8h的.)