NetworkX系列教程(8)-Drawing Graph

小书匠Graph图论

如果只是简单使用nx.draw,是无法定制出自己需要的graph,并且这样的graph内的点坐标的不定的,运行一次变一次,实际中一般是要求固定的位置,这就需要到布局的概念了.详细的画图信息可以看这里,代码中的关键部分使用了英文进行注释,不在另外注释.

目录:

• 9.Drawing Graph
  • 9.1使用Matplotlib
  • 9.2使用Graphviz AGraph (dot)
  • 9.3图布局

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注意:如果代码出现找不库,请返回第一个教程,把库文件导入.

9.Drawing Graph

9.1使用Matplotlib

1. #定义graph 
   

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2. nodes=[0,1,2,3,4,5,'a','b','c'] 
   

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3. edges=[(0,1),(0,5),(1,2),(1,4),(2,1),(2,4),('a','b'),('b','c'),('c','a')] 
   

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4. G=nx.Graph() 
   

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5. G.add_nodes_from(nodes) 
   

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6. G.add_edges_from(edges) 
   

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7. ---

8. #使用spring_layout布局 
   

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9. pos=nx.spring_layout(G) 
   

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10. ---

11. plt.subplots(2,4,figsize=(18,6)) 
    

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12. plt.subplot(241) 
    

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13. plt.title('spring_layout') 
    

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14. nx.draw(G, with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') #Draw the graph G with Matplotlib. 
    

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15. plt.axis('on') 
    

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16. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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17. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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18. ---

19. plt.subplot(242) 
    

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20. plt.title('draw_networkx') 
    

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21. nx.draw_networkx(G) #Draw the graph G using Matplotlib. 
    

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22. plt.axis('on') 
    

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23. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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24. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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25. ---

26. plt.subplot(243) 
    

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27. plt.title('draw_networkx_nodes') 
    

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28. nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G,pos) #Draw the nodes of the graph G. 
    

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29. plt.axis('on') 
    

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30. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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31. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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32. ---

33. plt.subplot(244) 
    

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34. plt.title('draw_networkx_edges') 
    

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35. nx.draw_networkx_edges(G,pos) #Draw the edges of the graph G. 
    

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36. plt.axis('on') 
    

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37. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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38. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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39. ---

40. plt.subplot(245) 
    

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41. plt.title('draw_networkx_labels') 
    

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42. nx.draw_networkx_labels(G,pos) #Draw node labels on the graph G. 
    

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43. plt.axis('on') 
    

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44. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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45. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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46. ---

47. plt.subplot(246) 
    

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48. plt.title('draw_networkx_edge_labels') 
    

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49. nx.draw_networkx_edge_labels(G,pos) #Draw edge labels. 
    

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50. plt.axis('on') 
    

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51. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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52. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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53. ---

54. plt.subplot(247) 
    

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55. plt.title('draw_circular') 
    

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56. nx.draw_circular(G,) #Draw the graph G with a circular layout. 
    

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57. plt.axis('on') 
    

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58. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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59. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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60. ---

61. plt.subplot(248) 
    

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62. plt.title('draw_kamada_kawai') 
    

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63. nx.draw_kamada_kawai(G) #Draw the graph G with a Kamada-Kawai force-directed layout. 
    

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64. plt.axis('on') 
    

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65. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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66. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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67. plt.show() 
    

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68. plt.close() 
    

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69. ---

70. plt.subplots(1,4,figsize=(18,3)) 
    

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71. plt.subplot(141) 
    

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72. plt.title('draw_random') 
    

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73. nx.draw_random(G) #Draw the graph G with a random layout. 
    

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74. plt.axis('on') 
    

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75. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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76. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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77. ---

78. plt.subplot(142) 
    

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79. plt.title('draw_spectral') 
    

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80. nx.draw_spectral(G,) #Draw the graph G with a spectral layout. 
    

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81. plt.axis('on') 
    

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82. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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83. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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84. ---

85. plt.subplot(143) 
    

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86. plt.title('draw_spring') 
    

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87. nx.draw_spring(G) #Draw the graph G with a spring layout. 
    

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88. plt.axis('on') 
    

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89. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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90. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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91. ---

92. plt.subplot(144) 
    

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93. plt.title('draw_shell') 
    

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94. nx.draw_shell(G) #Draw networkx graph with shell layout. 
    

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95. plt.axis('on') 
    

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96. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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97. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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98. ---

99. plt.show() 
    

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Matplotlib布局1

Matplotlib布局2

9.2使用Graphviz AGraph (dot)

有些同学不知道如何安装Graphviz，我在这里作一个说明：

1.linux是安装graphviz即可，我使用的命令是：

1. sudo apt install graphviz 
   

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2.Windows我没用实践过，不过我查到Graphviz有官网，里面有windows安装包，地址看下：

http://www.graphviz.org/download/

1. G.clear() 
   

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2. from networkx.drawing.nx_pydot import write_dot,read_dot 
   

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3. ---

4. plt.subplots(1,3,figsize=(15,5)) 
   

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5. K5 = nx.complete_graph(5) 
   

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6. ---

7. A = nx.nx_agraph.to_agraph(K5) #Return a pygraphviz graph from a NetworkX graph N. 
   

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8. G1 = nx.nx_agraph.from_agraph(A) #Return a NetworkX Graph or DiGraph from a PyGraphviz graph. 
   

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9. plt.subplot(131) 
   

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10. plt.title('原图',fontproperties=myfont) 
    

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11. nx.draw_random(G1) #Draw the graph G with a random layout. 
    

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12. plt.axis('on') 
    

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13. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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14. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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15. ---

16. write_dot(G1, 'graph.test') #Write NetworkX graph G to Graphviz dot format on path. 
    

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17. G2=read_dot('graph.test') #Return a NetworkX graph from a dot file on path. 
    

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18. plt.subplot(132) 
    

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19. plt.title('保存原图后并读取',fontproperties=myfont) 
    

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20. nx.draw_random(G2) #Draw the graph G with a random layout. 
    

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21. plt.axis('on') 
    

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22. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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23. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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24. ---

25. G3 = nx.petersen_graph() 
    

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26. pos = nx.nx_agraph.graphviz_layout(G3) #Create node positions for G using Graphviz. 
    

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27. ---

28. plt.subplot(133) 
    

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29. plt.title('graphviz_layout',fontproperties=myfont) 
    

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30. nx.draw_random(G3) #Draw the graph G with a random layout. 
    

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31. plt.axis('on') 
    

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32. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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33. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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34. ---

35. plt.show() 
    

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Graphviz画图

9.3图布局

1. #定义graph 
   

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2. nodes=[0,1,2,3,4,5,'a','b','c'] 
   

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3. edges=[(0,1),(0,5),(1,2),(1,4),(2,1),(2,4),('a','b'),('b','c'),('c','a')] 
   

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4. G=nx.Graph() 
   

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5. G.add_nodes_from(nodes) 
   

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6. G.add_edges_from(edges) 
   

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7. ---

8. plt.subplots(2,3,figsize=(18,6)) 
   

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9. plt.subplot(231) 
   

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10. plt.title('circular_layout') 
    

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11. pos=nx.circular_layout(G) #Position nodes on a circle. 
    

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12. nx.draw(G,pos, with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') 
    

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13. plt.axis('on') 
    

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14. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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15. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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16. ---

17. plt.subplot(232) 
    

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18. plt.title('kamada_kawai_layout') 
    

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19. pos=nx.kamada_kawai_layout(G) #Position nodes using Kamada-Kawai path-length cost-function. 
    

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20. nx.draw(G, pos,with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') 
    

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21. plt.axis('on') 
    

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22. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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23. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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24. ---

25. plt.subplot(233) 
    

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26. plt.title('random_layout') 
    

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27. pos=nx.random_layout(G) #Position nodes uniformly at random in the unit square. 
    

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28. nx.draw(G, pos,with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') 
    

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29. plt.axis('on') 
    

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30. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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31. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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32. ---

33. plt.subplot(234) 
    

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34. plt.title('shell_layout') 
    

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35. pos=nx.shell_layout(G) #Position nodes in concentric circles. 
    

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36. nx.draw(G, pos,with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') 
    

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37. plt.axis('on') 
    

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38. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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39. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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40. ---

41. plt.subplot(235) 
    

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42. plt.title('spring_layout') 
    

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43. pos=nx.spring_layout(G)#Position nodes using Fruchterman-Reingold force-directed algorithm. 
    

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44. nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') 
    

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45. plt.axis('on') 
    

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46. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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47. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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48. ---

49. plt.subplot(236) 
    

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50. plt.title('spectral_layout') 
    

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51. pos=nx.spectral_layout(G) #Position nodes using the eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian. 
    

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52. nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True, font_weight='bold') 
    

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53. plt.axis('on') 
    

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54. plt.xticks([]) 
    

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55. plt.yticks([]) 
    

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56. ---

57. plt.show() 
    

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图布局