Mysql 5.7 集群部署，keepalived

参考文章：

https://blog.csdn.net/f18770366447/article/details/80703347

https://www.cnblogs.com/benjamin77/p/8682360.html

https://www.xiaocoder.com/2017/03/17/mysql-installation-guide/

https://blog.csdn.net/hongguo_cheng/article/details/80293588

1，配置环境

两个节点，vcpu8个，内存8G，磁盘16G

操作系统：Centos7.5最小化安装

A节点IP地址：172.16.103.14 node1

B节点IP地址：172.16.103.15 node2

VIP：172.16.103.16

关闭selinux和防火墙

2，查看是否已经存在数据库，如果已经存在则卸载

rpm -qa |grep mysql //查看是否mysql数据库

rpm -qa |grep mari //查看是否又mariadb数据库

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 //卸载mariadb数据库，包的名字一定要是grep出来的全名

3，安装依赖包

yum install -y net-tools perl

4，下载mysql包，上传解压，安装。

下载5.7的mysql 社区版包

https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

上传到/software目录下，解压

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

5，创建目录，添加用户，设置所属

mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,tmp,log}

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/{data,tmp,log}

6，修改配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

#配置文件内容开始

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]

port = 3306

datadir = /data/mysql/data

pid-file = /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid

socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

log-error = /data/mysql/log/error.log

character_set_server = utf8mb4

user = mysql

bind-address = *

server-id = 1 #节点2修改为2

symbolic-links=1

connect_timeout = 3600

wait_timeout = 3600

interactive_timeout = 3600

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

log-bin = mysql-bin

sync_binlog = 1

binlog_checksum = none

binlog_format = mixed

auto-increment-increment = 2

auto-increment-offset = 1 #节点2修改为2

slave-skip-errors = all

#配置文件内容结束

启动服务

systemctl start mysqld

8，登陆数据库并做相关配置获取mysql安装时的默认密码

MySQL_PASS=$(cat /data/mysql/log/error.log | grep "A temporary password" | awk '{print $NF}')

使用改密码登陆数据库

mysql -u root -p"${MySQL_PASS}"

设置新密码为：Admin123,.

mysql> SET PASSWORD='Admin123,.';

开启任意主机可使用root用户访问所有库，密码为ADmin123,.

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ADmin123,.' WITH GRANT OPTION;

9，节点2执行上面1-8步骤，然后添加同步账户

10，添加同步账户，账户名为repl，密码为ADMin123,.

节点1mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'172.16.103.15' identified by 'ADMin123,.';

节点2mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'172.16.103.14' identified by 'ADMin123,.';

使配置立即生效

mysql> flush privileges;

11，查看的主库状态

节点1

show master status;

节点2

show master status;

12，开始同步

节点1操作，change master 语句中填写节点2的信息

mysql> unlock tables;

mysql> stop slave;

mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.103.15',master_user='repl',master_password='ADMin123,.',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=150;

mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status \G

具体过程

执行show slave status \G之后看到以下内容为正常！

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

节点2操作

节点2操作，change master 语句中填写节点1的信息

mysql> unlock tables;

mysql> stop slave;

mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.103.14',master_user='repl',master_password='ADMin123,.',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=2848;

mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status \G

执行show slave status \G之后看到以下内容为正常！

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

13，主主同步测试

在节点1登陆数据库，创建数据库，创建表，插入数据，然后在节点2上查看。

解锁表

unlock tables;

创建ceshiku数据库

create database ceshiku;

使用ceshik数据库

use ceshiku;

创建表，名字为哈哈，后面是列是数据类型

create table if not exists haha ( id int(10) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, name varchar(50) NOT NULL);

插入数据

insert into haha values(2,'guojing');

插入数据

insert into haha values(1,"huangrong");

查询表haha的所有数据

select * from haha;

以下是图形操作的过程

在节点2上查看同步过来的信息

select * from ceshiku.haha;

14，安装keepalived软件包，并集成成系统服务（两个节点都执行）

keepalived包的下载地址

http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

所有版本

https://www.keepalived.org/download.html

上传keepalive包到/usr/local/src/下，安装依赖包，解压缩软件包，编译，安装

安装依赖包

yum install -y openssl-devel gcc

进入目录解压缩

cd /usr/local/src/

tar -zxvf keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

进入目录，编译，安装

cd keepalived-1.3.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make && make install

拷贝相关目录和文件的到系统目录

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/local/sbin/

echo "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local

15，配置keepaived服务

节点1配置

备份原有的conf文件

cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf #删除配置文件中的所有内容，加入以下内容

#配置文件内容开始

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

ops@wangshibo.cn

tech@wangshibo.cn

}

notification_email_from ops@wangshibo.cn

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id MASTER-HA

}

vrrp_script chk_mysql_port { #检测mysql服务是否在运行。有很多方式，比如进程，用脚本检测等等

script "/opt/chk_mysql.sh" #这里通过脚本监测

interval 2 #脚本执行间隔，每2s检测一次

weight -5 #脚本结果导致的优先级变更，检测失败（脚本返回非0）则优先级 -5

fall 2 #检测连续2次失败才算确定是真失败。会用weight减少优先级（1-255之间）

rise 1 #检测1次成功就算成功。但不修改优先级

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface ens192 #指定自己的网卡接口和IP

mcast_src_ip 172.16.103.14

virtual_router_id 51 #路由器标识，MASTER和BACKUP必须是一致的

priority 101 #定义优先级，数字越大，优先级越高，在同一个vrrp_instance下，MASTER的优先级必须大于BACKUP的优先级。这样MASTER故障恢复后，就可以将VIP资源再次抢回来

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.103.16

}

track_script {

chk_mysql_port

}

}

#配置文件内容结束

编写检测脚本，KeepAlived做心跳检测，如果Master的MySQL服务挂了(3306端口挂了),那么它就会选择自杀。Slave的KeepAlived通过心跳检测发现这个情况，就会将VIP的请求接管

vi /opt/chk_mysql.sh

#脚本内容开始

#!/bin/bash

counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|wc -l)

if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then

/etc/init.d/keepalived stop

fi

#脚本内容结束

给脚本添加执行权限

chmod 755 /opt/chk_mysql.sh

启动keepalived服务

systemctl start keepalived

如果启动延迟最终导致启动失败，最后keepalived的状态是下图所示。

然后查看日志：

tail -f /var/log/messages

Apr 16 18:35:18 node1 systemd: PID file /usr/local/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid not readable (yet?) after start.

Apr 16 18:36:48 node1 systemd[1]: keepalived.service start operation timed out. Terminating.

Apr 16 18:36:48 node1 systemd[1]: Failed to start LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

Apr 16 18:36:48 node1 systemd[1]: Unit keepalived.service entered failed state.

Apr 16 18:36:48 node1 systemd[1]: keepalived.service failed.

这种情况下vip确实已经生效了，但是keepalived服务也没有正常开启，解决办法是编辑keepalived服务的pid文件指向的位置

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid

然后重载服务，重启服务

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl start keepalived

systemctl status keepalived

节点2配置参照节点1配置，只是keepalived.conf配置文件的内容不通，具体内容如下

#配置文件内容开始

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

ops@wangshibo.cn

tech@wangshibo.cn

}

notification_email_from ops@wangshibo.cn

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id MASTER-HA

}

vrrp_script chk_mysql_port { #检测mysql服务是否在运行。有很多方式，比如进程，用脚本检测等等

script "/opt/chk_mysql.sh" #这里通过脚本监测

interval 2 #脚本执行间隔，每2s检测一次

weight -5 #脚本结果导致的优先级变更，检测失败（脚本返回非0）则优先级 -5

fall 2 #检测连续2次失败才算确定是真失败。会用weight减少优先级（1-255之间）

rise 1 #检测1次成功就算成功。但不修改优先级

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface ens192 #指定自己的网卡接口和IP

mcast_src_ip 172.16.103.15

virtual_router_id 51 #路由器标识，MASTER和BACKUP必须是一致的

priority 100 #定义优先级，数字越大，优先级越高，在同一个vrrp_instance下，MASTER的优先级必须大于BACKUP的优先级。这样MASTER故障恢复后，就可以将VIP资源再次抢回来

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.103.16

}

track_script {

chk_mysql_port

}

}

#配置文件内容结束

同样参照节点1的配置，节点2同样需要配置检测脚本

vi /opt/chk_mysql.sh

#脚本内容开始

#!/bin/bash

counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|wc -l)

if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then

/etc/init.d/keepalived stop

fi

#脚本内容结束

设置权限

chmod 755 /opt/chk_mysql.sh

同样要修改keepalived服务的pid文件指向的位置

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid

启动服务

systemctl start keepalived

检查keepalived的状态

systemctl status keepalived

可以看到该节点被定义为从节点了。

至此，使用navicat客户端连接vip即可，vip可以对外提供服务了。