HBase表结构设计--练习篇

一、表结构操作

1.建立一个表scores，有两个列族grad和course

[hadoop@weekend01 ~]$ hbase shell

hbase(main):006:0> create 'scores','grade','course'

0 row(s) in 0.4120 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - scores

2.查看Hbase中的所有表

hbase(main):007:0> list

TABLE

hbase_student

my_data

new_scores

scores

student

user

6 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds

=> ["hbase_student", "my_data", "new_scores", "scores", "student", "user"]

3.查看scores表结构

hbase(main):008:0> desc 'scores'

Table scores is ENABLED

scores

COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION

{NAME => 'course', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICAT

ION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', T

TL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY

=> 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}

{NAME => 'grade', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATI

ON_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TT

L => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY =

> 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}

2 row(s) in 0.0550 seconds

4.查询表scores是否存在

hbase(main):009:0> exists 'scores'

Table scores does exist

0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds

5.判断表scores是否enable

hbase(main):010:0> is_enabled 'scores'

true

0 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds

6.判断表scores是否disable

hbase(main):011:0> is_disabled 'scores'

false

0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

7.使表scores不可用

hbase(main):012:0> disable 'scores'

0 row(s) in 1.3380 seconds

8.恢复表scores可用

hbase(main):013:0> enable 'scores'

0 row(s) in 0.5680 seconds

9.增加一个school列族

hbase(main):002:0> alter 'scores',{NAME=>'school',VERSIONS=>3}

Updating all regions with the new schema...

0/1 regions updated.

1/1 regions updated.

Done.

0 row(s) in 2.3390 seconds

10.删除一个school列族

hbase(main):005:0> alter 'scores',{NAME=>'school',METHOD=>'delete'}

Updating all regions with the new schema...

0/1 regions updated.

1/1 regions updated.

Done.

0 row(s) in 2.1970 seconds

11.删除表scores

操作步骤：先禁用表，再删除表

hbase(main):004:0> disable 'scores' #先将scores表改为offline状态

0 row(s) in 1.3100 seconds

hbase(main):005:0> drop 'scores' #再删除表

0 row(s) in 0.2250 seconds

二、DML操作（数据操纵）

1.添加scores数据

其scores表数据如下：

Tom grade: 5

Tom course:math 97

Tom course:art 87

Tom course:english 80

Jim grade: 4

Jim course:chinese 89

Jim course:english 80

hbase(main):006:0> put 'scores','Tom','grade:','5'

0 row(s) in 0.1810 seconds

hbase(main):007:0> put 'scores','Tom','course:math','97'

0 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds

hbase(main):009:0> put 'scores','Tom','course:art','87'

0 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds

hbase(main):010:0> put 'scores','Tom','course:english','80'

0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

hbase(main):012:0> put 'scores','Jim','grade:','5'

0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds

hbase(main):013:0> put 'scores','Jim','course:chinese','89'

0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

hbase(main):014:0> put 'scores','Jim','course:english','80'

0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

2.查看数据

a.全表scores扫描

hbase(main):015:0> scan 'scores'

ROW COLUMN+CELL

Jim column=course:chinese, timestamp=1464871444954, value=89

Jim column=course:english, timestamp=1464871467549, value=80

Jim column=grade:, timestamp=1464871414324, value=5

Tom column=course:art, timestamp=1464871299895, value=87

Tom column=course:english, timestamp=1464871325997, value=80

Tom column=course:math, timestamp=1464871198158, value=97

Tom column=grade:, timestamp=1464871151963, value=5

2 row(s) in 0.1160 secondsb.查看表scores中Jim的一行的数据

c.查看一个单元格的数据

hbase(main):016:0> get 'scores','Tom',{COLUMN=>'course:math'}

COLUMN CELL

course:math timestamp=1464871198158, value=97

1 row(s) in 0.0900 seconds

d.查看一个course列族的数据

hbase(main):017:0> scan 'scores',{COLUMN=>'course'}

ROW COLUMN+CELL

Jim column=course:chinese, timestamp=1464871444954, value=89

Jim column=course:english, timestamp=1464871467549, value=80

Tom column=course:art, timestamp=1464871299895, value=87

Tom column=course:english, timestamp=1464871325997, value=80

Tom column=course:math, timestamp=1464871198158, value=97

2 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds

e.查看表scores中的course:english列的数据

hbase(main):019:0> scan 'scores',{COLUMN=>'course:english'}

ROW COLUMN+CELL

Jim column=course:english, timestamp=1464871467549, value=80

Tom column=course:english, timestamp=1464871325997, value=80

2 row(s) in 0.0260 seconds

f.统计表scores的行数

hbase(main):020:0> count 'scores'

2 row(s) in 0.0890 seconds

=> 2

3.修改数据

a.修改scores表中的Tom的math值为100

hbase(main):021:0> put 'scores','Tom','course:math','100'

0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

b.修改scores表中列族course的VERSIONS=>3

hbase(main):022:0> alter 'scores',{NAME=>'course',VERSION=>3}

Unknown argument ignored for column family course: 1.8.7

Updating all regions with the new schema...

0/1 regions updated.

1/1 regions updated.

Done.

0 row(s) in 2.2190 seconds

再进行修改cores表中的Tom的math值为100

hbase(main):023:0> put 'scores','Tom','course:math','100'

0 row(s) in 0.0490 seconds

再按VERSIONS=>3查看该表中course:math的值

hbase(main):025:0> get 'scores','Tom',{COLUMN=>'course:math',VERSIONS=>3}

COLUMN CELL

course:math timestamp=1464872264511, value=100

4.删除数据

a.删除scores表Jim的course:chinese的值

hbase(main):027:0> delete 'scores','Jim','course:chinese'

0 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds

b.删除scores表Tom的course:english的值

hbase(main):029:0> delete 'scores','Tom','course:english'

0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds

c.删除scores表Tom一行

hbase(main):032:0> deleteall 'scores','Tom'

0 row(s) in 0.4160 seconds

d.清空scores表中的内容

hbase(main):031:0> truncate 'scores'

Truncating 'scores' table (it may take a while):

- Disabling table...

- Truncating table...

0 row(s) in 1.5000 seconds

疑难小结：刚开始玩HBase看着文档还不是那么难，真做起来麻烦事还真多，刚开始一直报这个错，没有头绪，百度半天

hbase(main):001:0> list

TABLE

ERROR: Can't get master address from ZooKeeper; znode data == null

这东西让我改好多文件，还是不行，无奈又重新配置了一遍，同学有遇到一样的情况，说是myid文件与zookeeper配置文件中的指定id不一致导致的但是我检查过了是一样的主机名IP地址id号都是对应的，zookeeper启动正常，进程正常，还有就是HBase进程启动异常，在主节点上启动之后，只有主节点有HMaster进程另外weekend05、06上有HRegionServer进程weekend07上没有，无解了。。。按照步骤重来一遍好了，但还是没有明白哪里出了问题。