使用java操作hbase（单节点）

1.在运行java代码之前，一定要先启动Hbase,很重要！！
   cd /home/cx/itcast/hbase-1.2.6/bin
   ./start-hbase.sh
2.新建一个java项目，导入相关的jar包，放在lib目录下，并右键build path将它们添加到referenced libraries
3.在项目下新建conf文件夹，将Hbase的配置文件hbase-site.xml复制到该目录，然后选择项目属性，在Libraies->add class
  folder，将conf目录选上。（这一步代替了集群情况下，java连接zookeeper的操作）
  hbase-site.xml配置如下：

 <configuration>
  <property>
   <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
   <value>file:///home/cx/myhbase1/</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
    <value>/home/bigfish/myhbase1/zookeeper</value>
  </property>
  </configuration>  

4.java代码如下：

 package com.cx;

 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;

 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ZooKeeperConnectionException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

 public class Hbase1 {
     static private Configuration conf=HBaseConfiguration.create();;
     //------------------创建表操作 -------------------------------------
     public static void createTable(String tableName,String[] cfs) throws Exception {
         HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
         if(admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
             System.out.println("表已经存在");
         }else {
             //指定表名
             HTableDescriptor htd=new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
             //添加列族
             for(int i=0;i<cfs.length;i++) {
                 htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(cfs[i]));
             }
             //创建表
             admin.createTable(htd);
             System.out.println("表创建成功！");
         }
         admin.close();
     }
     //----------------------一次插入一条数据----------------------------------
     public static  void put
     (String tableName,String row,String columnFamily,String column,String data) throws Exception{
         //得到一个表对象
         HTable table =new HTable(conf, tableName);
         //得到一个Put对象
         //将字符串转换为字符数组
         Put put=new Put(Bytes.toBytes(row));
         put.add(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column), Bytes.toBytes(data));
         //在表中放入put对象
         table.put(put);
         System.out.println("插入数据成功!");
         table.close();
     }
 //    //----------------------一次插入海量数据(1oow)--------------------------
 //    public static  void putAll(String tableName) throws Exception{
 //        HTable table =new HTable(conf, tableName);
 //        //得到list对象//得到list对象
 //
 //        List<Put> puts=new ArrayList<Put>(10000);
 //        for(int i=1;i<=1000000;i++) {
 //               Put put =new Put(Bytes.toBytes("rk"+i));
 //               put.add(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("money"), Bytes.toBytes(""+i));
 //               puts.add(put);
 //               //每隔1w条放一次
 //               if(i%10000==0){
 //                   table.put(puts);
 //                   puts=new ArrayList<Put>(10000);//相当于清空
 //               }
 //        }
 //        table.put(puts);
 //        table.close();
 //    }
     //------------------查询一个---------------------------
         public static void get(String tableName,String row) throws IOException{
             HTable table =new HTable(conf, tableName);
             Get get =new Get(Bytes.toBytes(row));
             //传get对象
             //返回result对象
             Result result=table.get(get);
             String r=Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("name")));
             System.out.println("get="+r);
             table.close();
         }
   //---------------------查询多个-------------------------------
         public static void scan(String tablename) throws Exception{
                  HTable table = new HTable(conf, tablename);
                  Scan scan = new Scan();
                  ResultScanner rs = table.getScanner(scan);
                  for(Result result:rs){
                      String r=Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info"),Bytes.toBytes("name")));
                      System.out.println("Scan:"+r);
                   }
                  table.close();
                 }
   //----------------------更新（put将老版本覆盖，查询最新的）-----------------

  //-------------------------删除--------------------------------------
         public static void del(String tableName) throws IOException{
              HTable table =new HTable(conf, tableName);
             //创建delete对象
              Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("rk0003"));
              table.delete(delete);
              System.out.println("删除成功!");
              table.close();
         }

     public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception
     {   

         String tableName="people";
         String columnFamilys[]={"info","data"};
         Hbase1.createTable(tableName, columnFamilys);
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0001" , "info", "name", "cx");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0002" , "info", "name", "zhangsan");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0001" , "info", "age", "20");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0001" , "info", "sex", "male");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0001" , "info", "height", "1.75");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0002" , "info", "age", "22");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0001" , "data", "sal", "10000");
         Hbase1.put(tableName,"rk0003" , "info", "age", "25");
        // Hbase1.putAll(tableName);
         Hbase1.get(tableName,"rk0001");
         Hbase1.scan(tableName);
         Hbase1.del(tableName);
     }  

 }

5.运行无错误

6.在命令行中查询表是否建立成功