presentation skills

下面是从一个网站摘录下来的关于presentation skill需要回答的14个问题：
网站的地址为：http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newCS_96.htm

14 Statements to Answer

1    The visuals in my presentation match well with the information I'm communicating, and they help carry the speech.
（presentation的内容和你所要表达的内容是不是一致）                    
2    To prepare for my presentation, I think carefully about the message I want to send.
（你是不是会对你所要表达的内容进行深思熟虑）                    
3    Before I present, I become familiar with the room and the space in which I'll be speaking.
（present之前会熟悉房间和会场）                    
4    I plan and practice my presentation until I can speak comfortably and fluently.
（会提前练习）                    
5    I assume my audience knows very little, and then I give them all the information they need.
（假设我的听众知道的不多）                    
6    I use an indirect, subtle approach, and I send a gentle message to my audience.
用间接的微妙的方式温柔的表达我的信息                    
7    Anxiety gives me stress, and brings negative energy to my presentation.
（焦虑会带来要，会给我的演讲带来负面影响）                    
8    I make sure that organizers or other staff prepare my equipment so that I can arrive right on time and start immediately.
（我会和组织者确认相关设备是否准备以便到达后能够按时开始）                    
9    I encourage my audience to ask questions at the end of the presentation.
（鼓励听众提问）                    
10    I pay attention to my nonverbal behavior, like facial expressions and eye contact, to make sure I stay engaged with the audience.
（注意肢体语言，）                    
11    I use examples to support my points.
（我使用例子来支持我的观点）                    
12    My presentations sometimes take longer than planned.
（时间是否控制得当）                    
13    If I want to persuade an audience, I get them to think about what the future will be like if they continue without making changes.
（如何劝说观众支持我的观点）                    
14    I focus on the main part of the presentation more than the beginning and end, because that's where most of the information is given.
（在presentation的主题部分花的时间较多）
 
这14个问题分为4个维度：
1）了解你的观众：
听众的重要性是他是评价你的preentation是否优秀的重要标准。只有听众认为你做的好的时候你才足够好。
从以下三个方面把握你的听众
1）Determine who the members of the audience are. 
你的听众是谁？
2）Find out what they want and expect from your presentation. What do they need to learn? Do they have entrenched attitudes or interests that you need to respect? And what do they already know that you don't have to repeat?
他们希望听到什么？什么是他们知道不需要你重复的，他们的什么态度或者兴趣是你需要尊重的？
3）Create an outline for your presentation, and ask for advance feedback on your proposed content.
准备大纲
 
 
2）准备你的内容
如何准备你的内容，如何以结构化的方式来提出你的内容
Identify a few key points – To help the audience retain the messages you're giving them, use thechunkingprinciple to organize your information into five to seven key points.
Don't include every detail – Good presentations inspire the audience to learn more, and ask further statements to maximize their understanding of the issue.
不需要再内容中包含太多详细细节
Use an outline – At the beginning, tell your audience what you intend to cover, and let them know what to expect. This helps build anticipation and interest from the start.
使用大纲
Start and end strongly – Capture people's interest as soon as you begin, and leave them with a message they won't forget. It's tempting to put all of your effort into the main body of the presentation. However, if you don't get people's attention at the start, they'll probably lose interest, and not really hear the rest anyway.
在开头的时候就要提取听众的兴趣
Use examples – Where possible, use lots of examples to support your points. A lecture is often the least interesting and engaging form of presentation. Look for ways to liven things up by telling stories, talking about real-life examples, and using metaphors to engage your audience fully.
使用例子
 
3）是不是能够自信发布
4）熟悉环境
控制时间，测试设备和环境。 有一点设备也许不在你控制的范围之内
 
 
肢体语言：
眼神交流：广度： 尽量照顾到每一个人，尤其是两侧角落的人
重点：50%以上的注视硬放在重要决定者，然后第二顺位给决定影响者
深度：与人对视时候不要避而不见，要给人一种闪烁自信的感觉
角度：改变站立的位置，在讲台中央会给人居高临下控制全程的感觉，走进听众可以增加亲和力
手势：
手势语言不要过多，过多会扰乱听众的视线，手势尽量位于腰上面，胸前，不要过于随意的手势语言
语气：
避免过于严肃和高调，不要训话，可以幽默但不要滑稽，适当使用暂停，给人以思考时间，不要抢话不要解释过多，见好就收
不要照本宣科，通过适当问问题来提高注意力
 
Design your presentation backwards
The most common way to write your speech is to start at the beginning and write to the end. That is not an effective way to write a speech. Instead write the speech backwards. Start with the destination and work back to the opening. You will write your speech faster and clearer if you start with the end in mind. Know your purpose. Write the closing line that hammers home your message. Then write the points to support that close. Then write your opening that launches you into that presentation. Designing your speech is also a set of communication skills.
看到一个观点缩写PPT的时候从后向前写，这个观点有待考查
 
一些资料：
http://www.presentationskills.ca/
http://www.skillsyouneed.com/presentation-skills.html
http://people.engr.ncsu.edu/txie/publications/oral_presentation_skills.pdf