录音--获取语音流（pyAudio）

这是学习时的笔记，包含相关资料链接，有的当时没有细看，记录下来在需要的时候回顾。

有些较混乱的部分，后续会再更新。

欢迎感兴趣的小伙伴一起讨论，跪求大神指点~

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录音-语音流(pyAudio)

tags:voice

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进行语音流检测

pyAudio

http://old.sebug.net/paper/books/scipydoc/wave_pyaudio.html

注：这部分是通过录音设备给语音激活检测传输语音流。

"path/to/vad/audio_stream.py"
#!usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import numpy as np
from pyaudio import PyAudio,paInt16
from datetime import datetime
import wave
from Tkinter import *
import sys
from ffnn import FFNNVADGeneral

import logging
# import chardet    # 查看编码

# define of params
NUM_SAMPLES =160
FRAMERATE = 16000
CHANNELS = 1
SAMPWIDTH = 2
FORMAT = paInt16
TIME = 125
FRAMESHIFT = 160

def save_wave_file(filename,data):
    '''save the date to the wav file'''
    wf = wave.open(filename,'wb')
    wf.setnchannels(CHANNELS)
    wf.setsampwidth(SAMPWIDTH)
    wf.setframerate(FRAMERATE)
    wf.writeframes("".join(data)) # ""中间不能有空格，不然语音录入会有很多中断。
    wf.close()

def my_button(root,label_text,button_text,button_stop,button_func,stop_func):
    '''create label and button'''
    label = Label(root,text=label_text,width=30,height=3).pack()
    button = Button(root,text=button_text,command=button_func,anchor='center',width=30,height=3).pack()
    button = Button(root,text=button_stop,command=stop_func,anchor='center',width=30,height=3).pack()

def record_wave():
    '''open the input of wave'''
    pa = PyAudio()
    # 录音
    stream = pa.open(format=FORMAT,
                     channels=CHANNELS,
                     rate=FRAMERATE,
                     input=True,
                     frames_per_buffer=NUM_SAMPLES)   #一个buffer存NUM_SAMPLES个字节,作为一帧

    vad = FFNNVADGeneral('/path/to/VAD/alex-master/alex/tools/vad_train/model_voip/vad_nnt_546_hu32_hl1_hla6_pf10_nf10_acf_1.0_mfr20000_mfl20000_mfps0_ts0_usec00_usedelta0_useacc0_mbo1_bs100.tffnn',
    			filter_length=2, sample_rate=16000, framesize=512, frameshift=160,
    			usehamming=True, preemcoef=0.97, numchans=26, ceplifter=22, numceps=12,
    			enormalise=True, zmeansource=True, usepower=True, usec0=False,
    			usecmn=False, usedelta=False, useacc=False, n_last_frames=10,
    			n_prev_frames=10, lofreq=125, hifreq=3800, mel_banks_only=True)
    # 语音激活检测神经网络方法的类FFNNVADGeneral.

    save_buffer = []
    count = 0
    # logging设置，用于记录日志
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
                        filename='log.txt',
                        filemode ='w',
                        format='%(message)s')

    while count < TIME*4:
        string_audio_data = stream.read(NUM_SAMPLES)
        result = vad.decide(string_audio_data)
        frame = count*NUM_SAMPLES/float(FRAMESHIFT)
	time = count*NUM_SAMPLES/float(FRAMERATE)  # time=frame*frameshift/framerate
	logging.info('frame: '+str(frame)+' time: '+str(time)+' prob: '+str(result))  # logging记录字符串，用‘+’连接
        save_buffer.append(string_audio_data)
        count += 1
        #chardet.detect(string_audio_data)  #查看编码类型
        print "."

    filename = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S")+".wav"
    save_wave_file(filename,save_buffer)

    save_buffer = []
    print "filename,saved."

def record_stop():
    # stop record the wave
    sys.exit(0)

def main():
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry('300x200+200+200')
    root.title('record wave')
    my_button(root,"Record a wave","clik to record","stop recording",record_wave,record_stop)
    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

# error
$ bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111)
# 解决: 貌似有多余蓝牙库却没有蓝牙设备
$ sudo apt-get purge bluez-alsa

# Warning
$ ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.rear
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.center_lfe
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.side
Cannot connect to server socket err = No such file or directory
Cannot connect to server request channel
jack server is not running or cannot be started
# 是由于usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf默认设置

录音

sudo apt-get update   #更新软件源，最好使用国内的软件源，如何配置源参考百度。
sudo apt-get upgrade  #升级软件包
sudo apt-get install alsa-utils alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsamixergui #安装所需软件包

# 查看音频设备
$ arecord -l
> card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC887-VD Analog [ALC887-VD Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 2: ALC887-VD Alt Analog [ALC887-VD Alt Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
  # 机器有多于一个声卡，可以用下面的命令显示出来
  $ cat /proc/asound/cards
  >  0 [PCH            ]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PCH
                      HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7210000 irq 29
 1 [NVidia         ]: HDA-Intel - HDA NVidia
                      HDA NVidia at 0xf7080000 irq 17

  # 每一个声卡有一个card number和一个device number，可以用下面命令显示出来
  $ aplay -l
  > card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC887-VD Analog [ALC887-VD Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: ALC887-VD Digital [ALC887-VD Digital]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

# 录音
$ arecord -D "plughw:0,0" -f S16_LE -r 16000 -d 5 -t wav file.wav
# -D 选择设备  试过hw:1,0 hw:0,2 只有hw:0,0可以录音
# -f 录音格式  S16_LE代表有符号16位小端序
# -r 采样率
# -t 录音时长
# file.wav 文件名

# 不添加plug会有警示,因为是外置声卡
Warning: rate is not accurate (requested = 16000Hz, got = 44100Hz)  please, try the plug plugin 

# 验证录音
$ aplay file.wav

一般alsa设置了一个defaults设备，音频播放软件默认使用defaults设备输出声音。defaults设备定义在alsa.conf中，内容如下：

[plain]
#
# defaults
#  

# show all name hints also for definitions without hint {} section
defaults.namehint.showall off
# show just basic name hints
defaults.namehint.basic on
# show extended name hints
defaults.namehint.extended off
#
defaults.ctl.card 0
defaults.pcm.card 0
defaults.pcm.device 0
defaults.pcm.subdevice -1
……

defaults会默认匹配card number和device number比较小的声卡。

如果要修改，则修改/etc/asound.conf或~/.asoundrc。比如我要把defaults匹配到card 1,device 0上，则添加一下几行：

[plain]
$ sudo vim /etc/asound.conf
defaults.pcm.card 1
defaults.pcm.device 3
defaults.ctl.card 1

c++录音

https://github.com/aaronaanderson/ofxPortSF

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有些可能记录时忘记记录获取信息的网站地址，有不当之处请指正~~

（若非特别声明，文章均为Vanessa的个人笔记，转载请注明出处。文章如有侵权内容，请联系我，我会及时删除）