C++程序的多文件组成

C++程序的多文件组成

【例3.32】 一个源程序按照结构划分为3个文件

// 文件1 student.h （类的声明部分）
#include<iostream.h>
#include<string.h>
class Student {
private:
    char *name; // 学生姓名
    char *stu_no; // 学生学号
    float score; // 学生成绩
public: // 类的外部接口
    Student(char *name1,char *stu_no1,float score1); // 构造函数
    ~Student(); // 析构函数
    void modify(float score1); // 数据修改
    void show(); // 数据输出
};

// 文件2 student.cpp (类的实现部分)
#include "student.h" // 包含类的声明文件
Student∷Student(char *name1,char *stu_no1,float score1)
{
    name=new char[strlen(name1)+1];
    strcpy(name,name1);
    stu_no=new char[strlen(stu_no1)+1];
    strcpy(stu_no,stu_no1);
    score=score1;
}
Student∷~Student()
{
    delete []name;
    delete []stu_no;
}
void Student∷modify(float score1)
{ score=score1; }
void Student∷show()
{
    cout<<"\n name: "<<name;
    cout<<"\n stu_no: "<<stu_no;
    cout<<"\n score: "<<score;
}

// 文件3 studentmain.cpp （类的使用部分）
#include "student.h" // 包含类的声明文件
void main()
{
    Student stu1("Liming","990201",90);
    stu1.show();
    stu1.modify(88);
    stu1.show();
}

【例3.33】 利用类表示一个堆栈(stack)，并为此堆栈建立push()、 pop()及显示堆栈内容的showstack()等函数

//文件1 stack.h
#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <ctype.h>
const int SIZE=10;
class stack{
    int stck[SIZE]; // 数组,用于存放栈中数据
    int tos; // 栈顶位置（数组下标）
public:
    stack();
    void push(int ch); // 将数据ch压入栈
    int pop(); // 将栈顶数据弹出栈
    void ShowStack();
};

// 文件2 stack.cpp
#include <iostream.h>
#include "stack.h"
stack∷stack() // 构造函数,初始化栈
{ tos= 0; }
void stack∷push(int ch)
{
    if(tos==SIZE){
        cout<<"Stack is full";
        return;
    }
    stck[tos]=ch;
    tos++;
    cout<<"You have pushed a data into the stack!\n";
}
int stack∷pop()
{
    if (tos==0){
        cout<<"Stack is empty";
        return 0;
    }
    tos--;
    return stck[tos];
}
void stack∷ShowStack()
{
    cout<<"\n The content of stack: \n" ;
    if (tos==0){
        cout<<"\nThe stack has no data!\n";
        return;
    }
    for (int i=tos-1; i>=0;i--)
        cout<<stck[i]<<" ";
    cout<<"\n\n";
}

//文件3 stackmain.cpp
#include <iostream.h>
#include "stack.h"
main()
{
    cout<<endl;
    stack ss;
    int x;
    char ch;
    cout<<" <I> ------ Push data to stack\n";
    cout<<" <O> ------ Pop data from stack\n";
    cout<<" <S> ------ Show the content of stack\n";
    cout<<" <Q> ------ Quit... \n";
    while (1){
        cout<<"Please select an item: ";
        cin>>ch;
        ch=toupper(ch);
        switch(ch){
            case 'I':
                cout<<"\n Enter the value that "<<"you want to push: ";
                cin >>x;
                ss.push(x);
                break;
            case 'O':
                x=ss.pop();
                cout<<"\n Pop "<<x<<" from stack.\n"; break;
            case 'S':
                ss.ShowStack();
                break;
            case 'Q':
                return 0;
            default:
                cout<<"\n You have inputted a wrong item! Please try again!\n";
                continue;
        }
    }
}