spring整合springmvc和hibernate

上篇文章使用maven搭建了web环境，这篇来记录下如何使用spring整合springmvc和hibernate，亦即spring+springmvc+hibernate框架整合。

第一步：首先配置spring

1. 配置spring配置文件applicationContext.xmls

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
        <!-- 自动扫描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvn" />
        <!-- 配置自动aop -->
        <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
   
    </beans>

2. 配置web.xml文件

   <!-- 配置spring context需要读取的配置文件 -->
       <context-param>
           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
           <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
       </context-param>
       <!-- 配置spring listener 以便在web容器启动的时候能自动初始化spring -->
       <listener>
           <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
       </listener>    

第二步：配置spring mvc

1. 配置spring mvc配置文件spring-web.xmls

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
        <!-- 自动扫描 com.mvn.controller的文件，初始化处理器-->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvn.controller" />
   
        <!-- 配置试图解析器（渲染器） -->
        <bean id="viewResolver"
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
            <property name="viewClass"
                value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
            <property name="prefix" value="WEB-INF/jsp/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
   
    </beans>

2. 配置web.xml文件

    <!-- 配置spring mvc 分发器 -->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <!-- 初始化spring mvc 配置文件的位置 -->
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:spring-web.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <!-- web容器启动的时候就加载springmvc -->
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
   
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>

第三步：配置hibernate

1. 将hibernate的相关配置放到spring配置文件applicationContext.xml里面

   <!-- 自动读取配置文件 -->
       <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:spring.properties" />
       <!-- 配置数据源 -->
       <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource"
           destroy-method="close">
   
           <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
           <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
           <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
           <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
       </bean>
       <!-- 配置sessionFactory-->
       <bean id="sessionFactory"
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
           <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
           <!-- hibernate自动扫描 实体类-->
           <property name="packagesToScan">
               <list>
                   <value>com.mvn.entity</value>
               </list>
           </property>
           <!-- hibernate属性 -->
           <property name="hibernateProperties">
               <value>
                   hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=${jdbc.hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}
                   hibernate.dialect=${jdbc.hibernate.dialect}
                   hibernate.show_sql=${jdbc.hibernate.show_sql}
   
               </value>
           </property>
   
       </bean>
       <!-- 事务管理器 -->
       <bean id="transactionManager"
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
           <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
       </bean>
       <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

2. 由于用到了需要读取propertie文件，因此要新增

    jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mvn
    jdbc.username=root
    jdbc.password=root
   
    jdbc.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
    jdbc.hibernate.show_sql=true
    jdbc.hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

第四步：编写对应的java和jsp代码

1. 创建entity类

    package com.mvn.entity;
   
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.Table;
   
    @Entity
    @Table(name="t_user")
    public class User {
   
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private String password;
   
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
   
    }

2. 创建dao类

    package com.mvn.dao;
   
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
   
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.classic.Session;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
   
    import com.mvn.entity.User;
   
    @Repository
    public class UserDao {
   
        @Resource
        SessionFactory sessionFactory;
   
        public void save(User user){
            Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            session.save(user);
   
        }
    }

3. 创建service类

    package com.mvn.service;
   
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
   
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
   
    import com.mvn.dao.UserDao;
    import com.mvn.entity.User;
   
    @Service
    public class UserService {
        @Resource
        UserDao userDao;
   
        @Transactional
        public void save(User user){
            userDao.save(user);
        }
   
    }

4. 创建控制器

    package com.mvn.controller;
   
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
   
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
   
    import com.mvn.entity.User;
    import com.mvn.service.UserService;
   
    @Controller
    public class SaveUser {
   
        @Resource
        UserService userService;
   
        @RequestMapping(value="/saveUser")
        public String saveUser(User user){
            userService.save(user);
            return "saveSucess";
        }
    }

5. 创建jsp文件：WEB-INF\jsp\saveSucess.jsp

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    Hello
    恭喜！
    整合成功
    </body>
    </html>

　　至此代码写完了，完整的目录结构为：

　　

第五步：进行测试

1. 创建数据库
2. 启动tomcat，由于我们配置了hibernate属性hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update，因此会在tomcat启动完成后自动生成表t_user
3. 通过页面访问

　　　　

　　　4.数据库生成数据

　　　　

至此，整合工作完成。