本系列文章由 @YhL_Leo 出品，转载请注明出处。

文章链接： http://blog.csdn.net/yhl_leo/article/details/50066137

一些LaTeX中表格的使用方法如下：

1.table

  1. \documentclass{article}
  3. \begin{document}
  5.     \begin{table}[h]
  6. 		\centering
  7. 		\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|}\hline
  8. 			Setting&\multicolumn{2}{c|}{A4 size paper}\\\hline
  9. 			&mm&inches\\
  10. 			Top&25&1.0\\
  11. 			Bottom&25&1.0\\
  12. 			Left&20&0.8\\
  13. 			Right&20&0.8\\
  14. 			Column Width&82&3.2\\
  15. 			Column Spacing&6&0.25\\\hline
  16. 		\end{tabular}
  17. 		\caption{Margin settings for A4 size paper}
  18. 		\label{tab:Margin_settings}
  19. 	\end{table}
  21. \end{document}

2.tabular

  1. \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
  2. 	\hline 2&9&4\\
  3. 	\hline 7&5&3\\
  4. 	\hline 6&1&8\\
  5. 	\hline
  6. \end{tabular}

例子里面的|c|这样的，那个地方叫做导言区，来约定表格的每列属性的：

l left-justified column
c centered column
r right-justified column
b bottom
c center (default)
t top
p{'width'} paragraph column with text vertically aligned at the top
m{'width'} paragraph column with text vertically aligned in the middle (requires array package)
b{'width'} paragraph column with text vertically aligned at the bottom (requires array package)
| vertical line
|| double vertical line

另外，还有一些常用的命令：

& column separator
\\ start new row (additional space may be specified after \\ using square brackets, such as \\[6pt]
\hline horizontal line
\newline start a new line within a cell (in a paragraph column)
\tabularnewline start a new line within a cell (in a paragraph column) instead of \\ to avoid a Misplaced \noalign error in the tabular
\cline{i-j} partial horizontal line beginning in column i and ending in column j

除了最简单的用例外，还可以这样：

  1. % example 1:
  2. \begin{center}
  3. 	\begin{tabular}{ | l || c || r }
  4. 		\hline
  5. 		1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline
  6. 		4 & 5 & 6 \\ \hline \hline
  7. 		7 & 8 & 9 \\
  8. 		\hline
  9. 	\end{tabular}
  10. \end{center}



example 1

  1. % example 2:
  2. %\multicolumn{n}{format}{item}
  3. \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
  4. 	\hline \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{?}\\
  5. 	\hline 7&5&3\\
  6. 	\hline 6&1&8\\
  7. 	\hline
  8. \end{tabular}



example 2

  1. % example 3:
  2. \begin{tabular}{|r|l|}
  3. 	\hline
  4. 	7C0 & hexadecimal \\
  5. 	3700 & octal \\ \cline{2-2}
  6. 	11111000000 & binary \\
  7. 	\hline \hline
  8. 	1984 & decimal \\
  9. 	\hline
  10. \end{tabular}



example 3

在array环境中（使用时需要包含：\usepackage{array}），重新实现了tabular环境，加了不少新选项进去：

对于tabular的第一个例子略作修改，可以发现在不含有array包和含有时效果是不一样的：

  1. % example 1:
  2. %\usepackage{array}
  3. \tabcolsep20pt
  4. \arrayrulewidth2pt
  5. \begin{tabular}{*{3}{|c}|}
  6. %\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
  7. 	\hline 2&9&4\\
  8. 	\hline 7&5&3\\
  9. 	\hline 6&1&8\\
  10. 	\hline
  11. \end{tabular}
  13. % example 2:
  14. ...
  15. \usepackage{array}
  16. ...
  18. \tabcolsep20pt
  19. \arrayrulewidth2pt
  20. \begin{tabular}{*{3}{|c}|}
  21. %\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
  22. 	\hline 2&9&4\\
  23. 	\hline 7&5&3\\
  24. 	\hline 6&1&8\\
  25. 	\hline
  26. \end{tabular}



example 1







example 2

对于表格内有长文本时，直接排下来不但很难看而且很容超出页面的范围，可以这么做：

  1. Without specifying width for last column:
  2. \begin{center}
  3.     \begin{tabular}{| l | l | l | l |}
  4.     \hline
  5.     Day & Min Temp & Max Temp & Summary \\ \hline
  6.     Monday & 11C & 22C & A clear day with lots of sunshine.
  7.     However, the strong breeze will bring down the temperatures. \\ \hline
  8.     Tuesday & 9C & 19C & Cloudy with rain, across many northern regions. Clear spells
  9.     across most of Scotland and Northern Ireland,
  10.     but rain reaching the far northwest. \\ \hline
  11.     Wednesday & 10C & 21C & Rain will still linger for the morning.
  12.     Conditions will improve by early afternoon and continue
  13.     throughout the evening. \\
  14.     \hline
  15.     \end{tabular}
  16. \end{center}
  18. With width specified:
  19. \begin{center}
  20.     \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | l | p{5cm} |}
  21.     \hline
  22.     Day & Min Temp & Max Temp & Summary \\ \hline
  23.     Monday & 11C & 22C & A clear day with lots of sunshine.
  24.     However, the strong breeze will bring down the temperatures. \\ \hline
  25.     Tuesday & 9C & 19C & Cloudy with rain, across many northern regions. Clear spells
  26.     across most of Scotland and Northern Ireland,
  27.     but rain reaching the far northwest. \\ \hline
  28.     Wednesday & 10C & 21C & Rain will still linger for the morning.
  29.     Conditions will improve by early afternoon and continue
  30.     throughout the evening. \\
  31.     \hline
  32.     \end{tabular}
  33. \end{center}

另外使用宏包tabulary也可以实现：

  1. \usepackage{tabulary}
  2. ...
  4. \begin{center}
  5.   \begin{tabulary}{0.7\textwidth}{LCL}
  6.     Short sentences      & \#  & Long sentences                                                 \\
  7.     \hline
  8.     This is short.       & 173 & This is much loooooooonger, because there are many more words.  \\
  9.     This is not shorter. & 317 & This is still loooooooonger, because there are many more words. \\
  10.   \end{tabulary}
  11. \end{center}



其中的对齐方式除了L,C外，还有R,J。

让我们看下\parbox的用法，如果我们想把文段分割成为表的形式：

  1. \begin{tabular}{cc}
  2.   boring cell content & \parbox[t]{5cm}{rather long par\\new par}
  3. \end{tabular}

调整行列间距可以使用命令：

  1. \setlength{\tabcolsep}{5pt} %colums, default value is 6pt
  3. \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5} %rows, default value is 1.0

另外一种方式是在\hline和cline{i-j}后添加\noalign{\smallskip}， 例如：

  1. \begin{center}
  3.     \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
  4. 		\hline
  5. 		\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\
  6. 		\cline{1-2}
  7. 		Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\
  8. 		\hline
  9. 		Gnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\
  10. 		& each     &  0.01 \\
  11. 		Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\
  12. 		Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\
  13. 		Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\
  14. 		\hline
  15. 	\end{tabular}
  17.     example 1
  19.     $ $
  21.     \setlength{\tabcolsep}{4pt}
  22.     \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
  23. 		\hline
  24. 		\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\
  25. 		\cline{1-2}
  26. 		Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\
  27. 		\hline
  28. 		Gnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\
  29. 		& each     &  0.01 \\
  30. 		Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\
  31. 		Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\
  32. 		Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\
  33. 		\hline
  34. 	\end{tabular}
  36.     example 2
  38.     $ $
  40.     \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
  41.     \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
  42. 		\hline
  43. 		\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\
  44. 		\cline{1-2}
  45. 		Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\
  46. 		\hline
  47. 		Gnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\
  48. 		& each     &  0.01 \\
  49. 		Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\
  50. 		Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\
  51. 		Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\
  52. 		\hline
  53. 	\end{tabular}
  55.     example 3
  57.     $ $
  59.     \setlength{\tabcolsep}{6pt}
  60.     \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.0}
  61.     \begin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
  62. 		\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
  63. 		\multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \\
  64. 		\cline{1-2}\noalign{\smallskip}
  65. 		Animal & Description & Price (\$) \\
  66. 		\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
  67. 		Gnat  & per gram & 13.65 \\
  68. 		& each     &  0.01 \\
  69. 		Gnu   & stuffed  & 92.50 \\
  70. 		Emu   & stuffed  & 33.33 \\
  71. 		Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \\
  72. 		\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
  73. 	\end{tabular}
  75.     example 4
  77. \end{center}

其他用法如在某一行后空出一定间距：

  1. \begin{tabular}{ll}
  2. 	\hline
  3. 	Mineral & Color \\[0.5cm]
  4. 	Ruby & red \\
  5. 	Sapphire & blue \\
  6. 	\hline
  7. \end{tabular}

一些LaTeX的环境也可以插入表格中：

  1. \begin{tabular}{m{5cm} c} % here the m can be replaced by p or b.
  2. 	\\ \hline
  3. 	\begin{verbatim}
  4. 		I love coding
  5. 	\end{verbatim}
  6. 	& LaTeX
  7. 	\\ \hline
  8. \end{tabular}

使用列规格设置命令：>{\cmd} and <{\cmd}，如设置表格中的字符都是数学手写字体：

  1. ...
  2. \usepackage{array}
  3. ...
  5. \newcolumntype{F}{>{$}c<{$}}
  6. \begin{tabular}{FFF}
  7. 	\alpha & \beta    & \gamma   \\
  8. 	\delta & \epsilon & \upsilon \\
  9. 	\sigma & \tau     & \phi     \\
  10. \end{tabular}

@-expressions的用法：

  1. \begin{tabular}{|@{}l|l@{}|}
  2.   \hline
  3.   stuff & stuff \\ \hline
  4.   stuff & stuff \\
  5.   \hline
  6. \end{tabular}
  8. \begin{tabular}{r@{.}l}
  9.   3   & 14159 \\
  10.   16  & 2     \\
  11.   123 & 456   \\
  12. \end{tabular}

行的特别设置，给出几个例子：

  1. \begin{tabular}{ |l|l| }
  2.   \hline
  3.   \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Team sheet} \\
  4.   \hline
  5.   GK & Paul Robinson \\
  6.   LB & Lucas Radebe \\
  7.   DC & Michael Duberry \\
  8.   DC & Dominic Matteo \\
  9.   RB & Dider Domi \\
  10.   MC & David Batty \\
  11.   MC & Eirik Bakke \\
  12.   MC & Jody Morris \\
  13.   FW & Jamie McMaster \\
  14.   ST & Alan Smith \\
  15.   ST & Mark Viduka \\
  16.   \hline
  17. \end{tabular}

  1. ...
  2. \usepackage{multirow}
  3. ...
  5. \begin{tabular}{ |l|l|l| }
  6. 	\hline
  7. 	\multicolumn{3}{ |c| }{Team sheet} \\
  8. 	\hline
  9. 	Goalkeeper & GK & Paul Robinson \\ \hline
  10. 	\multirow{4}{*}{Defenders} & LB & Lucas Radebe \\
  11. 	 & DC & Michael Duburry \\
  12. 	 & DC & Dominic Matteo \\
  13. 	 & RB & Didier Domi \\ \hline
  14. 	\multirow{3}{*}{Midfielders} & MC & David Batty \\
  15. 	 & MC & Eirik Bakke \\
  16. 	 & MC & Jody Morris \\ \hline
  17. 	Forward & FW & Jamie McMaster \\ \hline
  18. 	\multirow{2}{*}{Strikers} & ST & Alan Smith \\
  19. 	 & ST & Mark Viduka \\
  20. 	\hline
  21. \end{tabular}

  1. ...
  2. \usepackage{multirow}
  3. ...
  5. \begin{tabular}{cc|c|c|c|c|l}
  6. 	\cline{3-6}
  7. 	& & \multicolumn{4}{ c| }{Primes} \\ \cline{3-6}
  8. 	& & 2 & 3 & 5 & 7 \\ \cline{1-6}
  9. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{\multirow{2}{*}{Powers} } &
  10. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{504} & 3 & 2 & 0 & 1 &     \\ \cline{2-6}
  11. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{}                        &
  12. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{540} & 2 & 3 & 1 & 0 &     \\ \cline{1-6}
  13. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{\multirow{2}{*}{Powers} } &
  14. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{gcd} & 2 & 2 & 0 & 0 & min \\ \cline{2-6}
  15. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c  }{}                        &
  16. 	\multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{lcm} & 3 & 3 & 1 & 1 & max \\ \cline{1-6}
  17. \end{tabular}

  1. \begin{tabular}{ r|c|c| }
  2. 	\multicolumn{1}{r}{}
  3. 	 &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{noninteractive}
  4. 	 & \multicolumn{1}{c}{interactive} \\
  5. 	\cline{2-3}
  6. 	massively multiple & Library & University \\
  7. 	\cline{2-3}
  8. 	one-to-one & Book & Tutor \\
  9. 	\cline{2-3}
  10. \end{tabular}

3.booktabs

即三线表：

  1. \usepackage{booktabs}
  3. \begin{tabular}{ccc}
  4. 	\toprule
  5. 		2&9&4\\
  6. 	\midrule
  7. 		7&5&3\\
  8. 		6&1&8\\
  9. 	\bottomrule
  10. \end{tabular}

4.colortbl

常用的表格填色colortbl包：

  1. % example 1:
  2. \usepackage{colortbl}
  4. \begin{tabular}{ccc}
  5. 	\rowcolor[gray]{.9}
  6. 		2&9&4\\
  7. 	\rowcolor[gray]{.8}
  8. 		7&5&3\\
  9. 	\rowcolor[gray]{.7}
  10. 		6&1&8\\
  11. \end{tabular}



example 1

  1. % example 2:
  2. \begin{tabular}
  3. 	{>{\columncolor[gray]{.9}}c|
  4. 		>{\columncolor[gray]{.8}}c|
  5. 		>{\columncolor[gray]{.7}}c}
  6. 	2&9&4\\
  7. 	7&5&3\\
  8. 	6&1&8\\
  9. \end{tabular}



example 2

  1. %example 3:
  2. \begin{tabular}{ccc}
  3. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.9,.9}2&
  4. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.9,.9}9&
  5. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.9,.9}4\\
  6. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.8,.9}7&
  7. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.8,.9}5&
  8. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.8,.9}3\\
  9. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.7,.9}6&
  10. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.7,.9}1&
  11. 	\cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.7,.9}8\\
  12. \end{tabular}



example 3

5.diagbox

画斜线表头的包diagbox

  1. \usepackage{diagbox}
  2. ...
  4. \begin{tabular}{|l|ccc|}
  5. \hline
  6. \diagbox{Time}{Room}{Day} & Mon & Tue & Wed \\
  7. \hline
  8. Morning & used & used & \\
  9. Afternoon & & used & used \\
  10. \hline
  11. \end{tabular}

参考：

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