Quartz.net 起步

安装 Quartz 程序包

使用 nuget 命令行安装 Quartz：

Install-Package Quartz

如果使用 JSON 序列化，使用 nuget 安装 Quartz.Serialization.Json。

配置 Quartz

可通过三种方式配置Quartz

• 编程式配置，用 NameValueCollection 为 SchedulerFactory 提供参数
• 通过 app.config 文件，这种方式仅适用于 full .net framework
• 通过 quartz.config，此文件需放在应用程序的根目录，这种方式适用于 full .net framework 和 .net core

程序骨架

以下代码创建 Scheduler 实例，启动它，最后关闭。

using System;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;

namespace QuartzSampleApp
{
    public class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // 异步执行
            RunProgram().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        }

        private static async Task RunProgram()
        {
            try
            {
                // 从工厂获取 Scheduler 实例
                NameValueCollection props = new NameValueCollection
                {
                    { "quartz.serializer.type", "binary" }
                };
                StdSchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory(props);
                IScheduler scheduler = await factory.GetScheduler();

                // 启动 Scheduler 实例
                await scheduler.Start();

                // 停60秒看效果
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds());

                // 关闭程序前关闭 scheduler
                await scheduler.Shutdown();
            }
            catch (SchedulerException se)
            {
                await Console.Error.WriteLineAsync(se.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

通过 StdSchedulerFactory.GetDefaultScheduler() 方法获取到 scheduler 实例后，直到调用 scheduler.Shutdown() 前，应用程序不会退出。因为存在后台线程。

添加日志

Quartz.net 使用 LibLog，可适配 Log4Net,NLog 和Serilog等日志框架。没有检测到这些日志框架时，LibLog不输出内容。下面的自定义 LoggerProvider 在没有使用日志框架的情况下向控制台输出消息：

private class ConsoleLogProvider : ILogProvider
{
    public Logger GetLogger(string name)
    {
        return (level, func, exception, parameters) =>
        {
            if (level >= LogLevel.Info && func != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[" + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() + "] [" + level + "] " + func(), parameters);
            }
            return true;
        };
    }

    public IDisposable OpenNestedContext(string message)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    public IDisposable OpenMappedContext(string key, string value)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

使用自定义LogProvider:

        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            LogProvider.SetCurrentLogProvider(new ConsoleLogProvider());

            // 异步执行
            RunProgram().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        }

添加作业

使用 IJob 接口自定义作业

    public class HelloJob : IJob
    {
        public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
        {
            await Console.Out.WriteLineAsync("Greetings from HelloJob!");
        }
    }

使用作业，在调用 Start 方法之后加入以下代码：

        // 定义作业，关联到 HelloJob
        IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<HelloJob>()
            .WithIdentity("job1", "group1")
            .Build();

        // 立即触发，然后每 10 秒触发一次
        ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
            .WithIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
            .StartNow()
            .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x
                .WithIntervalInSeconds()
                .RepeatForever())
            .Build();

        // 指示 quartz 使用触发器调度作业
        await scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);

完整代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Logging;

namespace QuartzSampleApp
{
    public class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            LogProvider.SetCurrentLogProvider(new ConsoleLogProvider());

            // 异步执行
            RunProgram().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        }

        private static async Task RunProgram()
        {
            try
            {
                // 从工厂获取 Scheduler 实例
                NameValueCollection props = new NameValueCollection
                {
                    { "quartz.serializer.type", "binary" }
                };
                StdSchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory(props);
                IScheduler scheduler = await factory.GetScheduler();

                // 启动 Scheduler 实例
                await scheduler.Start();

                // 定义作业，关联到 HelloJob
                IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<HelloJob>()
                    .WithIdentity("job1", "group1")
                    .Build();

                // 立即触发，然后每 10 秒触发一次
                ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
                    .WithIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
                    .StartNow()
                    .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x
                        .WithIntervalInSeconds()
                        .RepeatForever())
                    .Build();

                // 指示 quartz 使用触发器调度作业
                await scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);

                // 停60秒看效果
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds());

                // 关闭程序前关闭 scheduler
                await scheduler.Shutdown();
            }
            catch (SchedulerException se)
            {
                await Console.Error.WriteLineAsync(se.ToString());
            }
        }

        private class ConsoleLogProvider : ILogProvider
        {
            public Logger GetLogger(string name)
            {
                return (level, func, exception, parameters) =>
                {
                    if (level >= LogLevel.Info && func != null)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("[" + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() + "] [" + level + "] " + func(), parameters);
                    }
                    return true;
                };
            }

            public IDisposable OpenNestedContext(string message)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public IDisposable OpenMappedContext(string key, string value)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }
        }
    }

    public class HelloJob : IJob
    {
        public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
        {
            await Console.Out.WriteLineAsync("Greetings from HelloJob!");
        }
    }
}

程序输出

程序启动后，输出以下内容：

[16:31:41] [Info] Using object serializer: Quartz.Simpl.BinaryObjectSerializer, Quartz
[16:31:41] [Info] Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: Quartz.Core.Scheduler SignalerImpl
[16:31:41] [Info] Quartz Scheduler v.3.0.2.0 created.
[16:31:41] [Info] RAMJobStore initialized.
[16:31:41] [Info] Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v3.0.2.0) 'QuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
  Scheduler class: 'Quartz.Core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
  NOT STARTED.
  Currently in standby mode.
  Number of jobs executed: 0
  Using thread pool 'Quartz.Simpl.DefaultThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
  Using job-store 'Quartz.Simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.

[16:31:41] [Info] Quartz scheduler 'QuartzScheduler' initialized
[16:31:41] [Info] Quartz scheduler version: 3.0.2.0
[16:31:41] [Info] Scheduler QuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
Greetings from HelloJob!
Greetings from HelloJob!
Greetings from HelloJob!
Greetings from HelloJob!
Greetings from HelloJob!
Greetings from HelloJob!
Greetings from HelloJob!
[16:32:41] [Info] Scheduler QuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down.
[16:32:41] [Info] Scheduler QuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused.
[16:32:41] [Info] Scheduler QuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED Shutdown complete.
请按任意键继续. . .