Day13 Python基础之time/datetime/random模块一（十一）

time模块

import time

print（help（time））

time.time()　 #return current time in seconds since the Epoch as a float 时间戳：以秒的形式返回当前时间，从1970年算起

time.clock()  #return CPU time since process start as a float 只计算CPU执行的时间

time.sleep() 　　 # delay for a number of seconds given as a float

time.gmtime() 　 # convert seconds since Epoch to UTC tuple 结构化时间（UTC英国格林尼治天文台为零时区，北京在东八区，时差为8 个小时）

time.localtime()   #convert seconds since Epoch to local time tuple(本地时间)结构化时间

time.strftime() 　# convert time tuple to string according to format specification 格式化时间

  Commonly used format codes:

     %Y  Year with century as a decimal number.
     %m  Month as a decimal number [01,12].
     %d  Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].
     %H  Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].
     %M  Minute as a decimal number [00,59].
     %S  Second as a decimal number [00,61].
     %z  Time zone offset from UTC.
     %a  Locale's abbreviated weekday name.
     %A  Locale's full weekday name.
     %b  Locale's abbreviated month name.
     %B  Locale's full month name.
     %c  Locale's appropriate date and time representation.
     %I  Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].
     %p  Locale's equivalent of either AM or PM.

 实例：
 import time
 print(time.strftime('%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S '))
 输出结果：
 2018--06--13 11:52:04  <class 'str'>

strftime（format）

time.strptime((string, format))  #parse string to time tuple according to format specification字符串时间转化成格式化时间

 b=time.strptime('2018--06--13 12:02:03','%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S')
 print(b)
 print(b.tm_year)
 print(b.tm_min)
 输出结果：
 time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=6, tm_mday=13, tm_hour=12, tm_min=2, tm_sec=3, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=164, tm_isdst=-1)
 2018
 2

strptime（string,format）

time.ctime(second)   #Convert a time in seconds since the Epoch to a string in local time.把秒的时间转换成格式化本地时间

print(time.ctime(123456))
输出结果：
Fri Jan  2 18:17:36 1970

ctime（）

time.mktime()      #Convert a time tuple in local time to seconds since the Epoch.　　#把本地时间转换成秒

 print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))
 输出结果：
 1528863479.0

mktime()

datetime模块

import datetime

 1 import  datetime
 2 print(datetime.datetime.now())
 3 输出结果：
 4 2018-06-13 12:21:02.344843

datetime

random模块

import random

random.random(）　　#x in the interval [0, 1).

random.randint(1,8)　　#int x in inteval[1,8]

random.randrange(1,8)　　#int x in inteval[1,8)

random.choice(sequence) 　　#Choose a random element from a non-empty sequence.

random.sample(sequence,count) #Choose count  random elements  from a non-empty sequence.

 # 验证码函数
 import  random
 def v_code():
     code=''
     for i in range(5):
         add_num=random.randrange(0,9)
         add_al=chr(random.randrange(65,91))
         # if random.randint(1,2)==1:
         #     code+=str(add_num)
         # else:
         #     code+=add_al
         code+=random.choice([str(add_num),add_al])
     print(code)

 v_code()

随机产生验证码实例

注：可以通过chr把数字转换成相应的字母