Yii2的相关学习记录，自定义gii模板和引用vendor中的js、css（四）

上文中后台模板框架已经搭建起来了，但还是有些不协调，像是有两个User标题，或者我们想自己在gii生成时添加或删除些公用的东西。这就需要我们定义自己的gii模板。

我们以CRUD的模板为例，默认的gii模板位置是在：vendor/yiisoft/yii2-gii/generators/crud的default目录下，我们当然可以在此新建一个和default并列的目录，但是并不推荐在这里新建，因为这里是vendor目录，正如上章所说的，vendor目录下的东西尽量不要去更改，这样你在git发布时或团队共享时不需要提交vendor目录，比较方便。

正确的方法是，将default文件夹复制出来，移动到你想移动到的位置，我这里移动到了backend/views/gii/crud目录下，然后更改改backend/common/main-local.php下的gii配置：

$config['bootstrap'][] = 'gii';
$config['modules']['gii'] = [
    'class' => 'yii\gii\Module',
    'generators' => [ //here
        'crud' => [ // generator name
            'class' => 'yii\gii\generators\crud\Generator', // generator class
            templates' => [ //setting for out templates
                'vishun' => '@backend/views/gii/crud/default', // template name => path to template
            ]
        ]
    ],
];    

这样，再访问gii中的CRUD生成器就会发现多了一个选择：（如果改的是backend的配置，那么只能通过后台的url访问gii才会出现多出来的选项）

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" alt="" />

记得要改拷贝过来的内容，例如删除掉多出来的标题什么的,然后重新生成一遍，就可以看到改变后的效果了。如果是团队合作，也应该将这个写入到环境中去。

再说下AdminLTE，我们在其官方演示站时，会发现模板集成了很多的漂亮功能，例如在Forms/Advanced Elements中select2，下拉菜单是箭头的样式。用firebug查看其css编发现引用了select2.min.css这个css。再回到我们自己的站点同样看下，便会发现我们站点没有这么一个css。所以我们要着手将其引入，但在此之前，需要先了解Yii2中如何在页面中引入js或者css。下面以引入js为例，css与此相同：

方法一、直接同在html中一样：（不建议使用，会导致依赖顺序错乱）

//外部js文件
<script src="你的js路径/plugins/select2/select2r.min.js">
//或者
<?=Html::jsFile('你的js路径/plugins/select2/select2r.min.js')?>
//内部js
<script> var a='abc' </script>

方法二、用$this->registerJs和$this->registerJsFile方法（可控依赖顺序，但是引入外部js时建议用方法三）

$this->registerJs("var options = ".json_encode($options).";", View::POS_END, 'my-options');//引入内部js
$this->registerJsFile('http://example.com/js/main.js', ['depends' => [\yii\web\JqueryAsset::className()]]);//引入外部js文件

方法三、引入外部js式时，利用Yii2新功能注册资源包来部署（功能更强大，例如可以转换less，压缩合并等），可参照backend/assets/AppAsset.php文件：

namespace backend\assets;
use yii\web\AssetBundle;

class AppAsset extends AssetBundle
{
    public $basePath = '@webroot';
    public $baseUrl = '@web';
    public $css = [
        'css/site.css',
    ];
    public $js = [
    ];
    public $depends = [
        'yii\web\YiiAsset',
        'yii\bootstrap\BootstrapAsset',
    ];
}

定义此类后，在视图文件中：

backend\assets\AppAsset::register($this);

即可将定义的site.css以及关联的'yii\web\YiiAsset'和'yii\bootstrap\BootstrapAsset'定义的css和js引入。更多功能请看YII2权威指南中的“客户端脚本”和“资源”两个章节。

既然已了解以上引入方法，可以继续我们引入select2的计划，我们先看下我们站点引入了哪些资源，在你copy后的layouts/main.php中：

if (class_exists('backend\assets\AppAsset')) {
    backend\assets\AppAsset::register($this);
} else {
    app\assets\AppAsset::register($this);
}
dmstr\web\AdminLteAsset::register($this);

先是注册了本来就有的AppAsset，然后又注册了dmstr\web命名空间下的AdminLteAsset，我们追溯到此文件下就会发现里面只引入了vendor/almasaeed2010/dist文件中的AdminLTE.min.css和变动的*.min.css这两个css文件（almasaeed2010文件是我们compose下载yii2-adminlte-asset自动下载的依赖文件），但我们打开vendor/almasaeed2010/adminlte/plugins下，会发现还有很多的功能，我们上方提到的select2也在其中。我们当然可以在AdminLteAsset.php的平级建立Select2Asset.php文件，但理由同上方gii模板时说的，最好不要改动vendor下的文件，所以我们将此文件建立在backend/assets中，具体文件内容可参考：

<?php
namespace backend\assets;
use yii\web\AssetBundle;

class Select2Asset extends AssetBundle
{
    public $sourcePath = '@vendor/almasaeed2010/adminlte/plugins/select2';//路径
    public $css = [
        'select2.min.css',//css
    ];
    public $js = [
        'select2.min.js'//js
    ];
    public $depends = [
        'dmstr\web\AdminLteAsset',//依赖关系
    ];
}

同时在layouts/main.php中：

backend\assets\Select2Asset::register($this);
// dmstr\web\AdminLteAsset::register($this);

可以将AdminLteAsset这行注释掉，因为我们在Select2Asset中写明了依赖AdminLteAsset，所以会自动注册依赖文件的css和js，这时我们再次查看元素，就会发现多了select2.min.css和select2.min.js，有了这两个我们便可以使用三角样式的下拉菜单了。

以上就这样了，睡觉先。