Luogu 3466 [POI2008]KLO-Building blocks

BZOJ 1112。

题意相当于在一个长度为$k$的区间内选择一个数$s$使$\sum_{i = 1}^{k}\left | a_i - s \right |$最小。

很显然是中位数。

然后只要写一个能查询长度为$k$的区间的中位数，以及小于和大于这个中位数的总和和个数的数据结构即可。

线段树平衡树对顶堆随便维护。

我选择权值线段树。

时间复杂度$O(nlogn)$。

Luogu上还需要输出方案。

Code：

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

const int N = 1e5 + ;

int n, K;
ll mn = 0LL, a[N];

template <typename T>
inline void read(T &X) {
    X = ; char ch = ; T op = ;
    for(; ch > '' || ch < ''; ch = getchar())
        if(ch == '-') op = -;
    for(; ch >= '' && ch <= ''; ch = getchar())
        X = (X << ) + (X << ) + ch - ;
    X *= op;
}

template <typename T>
inline void chkMax(T &x, T y) {
    if(y > x) x = y;
}

namespace SegT {
    struct Node {
        int lc, rc;
        ll sum, cnt;
    } s[N * ];

    int root, nodeCnt = ;

    #define lc(p) s[p].lc
    #define rc(p) s[p].rc
    #define sum(p) s[p].sum
    #define cnt(p) s[p].cnt
    #define mid ((l + r) >> 1)

    void ins(int &p, ll l, ll r, ll x) {
        if(!p) p = ++nodeCnt;
        sum(p) += x, ++cnt(p);
        if(l == r) return;

        if(x <= mid) ins(lc(p), l, mid, x);
        else ins(rc(p), mid + , r, x);
    }

    void del(int &p, ll l, ll r, ll x) {
        sum(p) -= x, --cnt(p);
        if(l == r) return;

        if(x <= mid) del(lc(p), l, mid, x);
        else del(rc(p), mid + , r, x);
    }

    ll getKth(int p, ll l, ll r, int k) {
        if(l == r) return l;

        int now = cnt(lc(p));
        if(k <= now) return getKth(lc(p), l, mid, k);
        else return getKth(rc(p), mid + , r, k - now);
    }

    int qCnt(int p, ll l, ll r, ll x, ll y) {
        if(x <= l && y >= r) return cnt(p);

        int res = ;
        if(x <= mid) res += qCnt(lc(p), l, mid, x, y);
        if(y > mid) res += qCnt(rc(p), mid + , r, x, y);
        return res;
    }

    ll qSum(int p, ll l, ll r, ll x, ll y) {
        if(x <= l && y >= r) return sum(p);

        ll res = 0LL;
        if(x <= mid) res += qSum(lc(p), l, mid, x, y);
        if(y > mid) res += qSum(rc(p), mid + , r, x, y);
        return res;
    }

    #undef mid

} using namespace SegT;

int main() {
    read(n), read(K);
    for(int i = ; i <= n; i++) {
        read(a[i]);
        chkMax(mn, a[i]);
    }

//    ll sum = 0LL;
    for(int i = ; i <= K; i++) {
//        sum += a[i];
        ins(root, , mn, a[i]);
    }

    int pos = ;
    ll mid = getKth(root, , mn, (K + ) / );
    ll minCost = mid * qCnt(root, , mn, , mid) - qSum(root, , mn, , mid);
    minCost += qSum(root, , mn, mid + , mn) - mid * qCnt(root, , mn, mid + , mn);
    for(int i = K + ; i <= n; i++) {
        del(root, , mn, a[i - K]);
        ins(root, , mn, a[i]);

        ll nowMid = getKth(root, , mn, (K + ) / );
        ll nowCost = nowMid * qCnt(root, , mn, , nowMid) - qSum(root, , mn, , nowMid);
        nowCost += qSum(root, , mn, nowMid + , mn) - nowMid * qCnt(root, , mn, nowMid + , mn);

        if(nowCost < minCost) {
            pos = i - K + ;
            mid = nowMid;
            minCost = nowCost;
        }
    }

    printf("%lld\n", minCost);
/*    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        if(i >= pos && i <= pos + K - 1) printf("%lld\n", mid);
        else printf("%lld\n", a[i]);
    }   */

    return ;
}