Linux学习笔记——Ubuntu更新软件源

0.前言

    通过改动ubuntu软件源可提高apt命令下载安装软件的速度。

    參考资料

    【官方资料】——配置文件改动方法

    【Ubuntu如何改动软件源地址】——使用ubuntu软件中心改动（推荐）

    【at-get update错误处理】

1.使用ubuntu软件中心更新

    请參考【Ubuntu如何改动软件源地址】——来自百度经验

图1 打开软件和更新

图2 选择国内软件源

2.使用指令方法改动

【1】首先备份源列表

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup

【2】gedit打开 并替换全部内容

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

【2.1】 若ubunt版本号为13.04

【163源】

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

【阿里云源】

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse 

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse 

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse 

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse 

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse 

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

【2.2】 若ubuntu版本号为12.04

将上述列表地址中的 raring 替换为 precise 就可以 

【3】刷新列表

sudo apt-get update

【3.1】若运行apt-get update产生错误

【错误现象】

    E: Could not get lock /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable)

    E: Unable to lock the list directory

    【错误原因】可能为之前操作使用ctrl+c强制退出apt-get 指令。而实际apt-get进程依旧存在。

    【解决方法】

    【a】查看进程(使用grep指令过滤其它进程)

    ps -e | grep apt

    【b】apt-get进程依旧存在

    6362 ? 00:00:00 apt

    6934 ? 00:00:00 apt-get

    【c】销毁进程

    sudo killall apt

    sudo killall apt-get

    【d】又一次运行

    sudo apt-get update