【httpclient-4.3.1.jar】httpclient发送get、post请求以及携带数据上传文件
工具类封装如下：
package cn.qlq.utils; import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set; import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /**
* http工具类的使用
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class HttpUtils { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtils.class); /**
* get请求
*
* @return
*/
public static String doGet(String url) {
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 定义HttpClient
client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
// 发送get请求
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
// 执行请求
response = client.execute(request); return getResponseResult(response);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("execute error,url: {}", url, e);
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(response);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(client);
} return "";
} /**
* get请求携带参数
*
* @return
*/
public static String doGetWithParams(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 定义HttpClient
client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); // 1.转化参数
if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (Iterator<String> iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
String name = iter.next();
String value = params.get(name);
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, value));
}
String paramsStr = EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
url += "?" + paramsStr;
} HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
response = client.execute(request); return getResponseResult(response);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("execute error,url: {}", url, e);
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(response);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(client);
} return "";
} public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 定义HttpClient
client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost request = new HttpPost(url); // 1.转化参数
if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (Iterator<String> iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
String name = iter.next();
String value = params.get(name);
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, value));
}
request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
} response = client.execute(request);
return getResponseResult(response);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("execute error,url: {}", url, e);
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(response);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(client);
} return "";
} public static String doPost(String url, String params) {
return doPost(url, params, false);
} /**
* post请求（用于请求json格式的参数）
*
* @param url
* @param params
* @param isJsonData
* @return
*/
public static String doPost(String url, String params, boolean isJsonData) {
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 定义HttpClient
client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); HttpPost request = new HttpPost(url);
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
request.setEntity(entity); if (isJsonData) {
request.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
request.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
} response = client.execute(request); return getResponseResult(response);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("execute error,url: {}", url, e);
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(response);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(client);
} return "";
} /**
* 上传文件携带参数发送请求
*
* @param url
* URL
* @param fileName
* neme，相当于input的name
* @param filePath
* 本地路径
* @param params
* 参数
* @return
*/
public static String doPostWithFile(String url, String fileName, String filePath, Map<String, String> params) {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); // 上传文件,如果不需要上传文件注掉此行
multipartEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE).addPart(fileName,
new FileBody(new File(filePath))); if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue(),
ContentType.create(HTTP.PLAIN_TEXT_TYPE, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
}
} HttpEntity httpEntity = multipartEntityBuilder.build(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
httppost.setEntity(httpEntity); response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
return getResponseResult(response);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("execute error,url: {}", url, e);
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(response);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(httpclient);
} return "";
} private static String getResponseResult(CloseableHttpResponse response) throws ParseException, IOException {
/** 请求发送成功，并得到响应 **/
if (response != null) {
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
} else {
logger.error("getResponseResult code error, code: {}", response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}
} return "";
}
}
上述代码支持application/json数据的传送。post方法的isJsonData 为true即在请求头部加上application/json。
测试代码：
Controller层：
@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
String method = request.getMethod();
System.out.println("========================");
System.out.println("request.getMethod(): " + method);
Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames();
while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String parameterName = (String) parameterNames.nextElement();
String parameterValue = request.getParameter(parameterName);
System.out.println(" parameterName: " + parameterName + " , parameterValue: " + parameterValue + " ");
}
return "success";
}
测试：
public static void main(String[] args) {
String doGet = doGet("http://localhost:8088//weixin/test/test.html?name=zs&age=25");
System.out.println(doGet);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("xx", "xxx");
String doGetWithParams = doGetWithParams("http://localhost:8088//weixin/test/test.html", map);
System.out.println(doGetWithParams);
String doPost = doPost("http://localhost:8088//weixin/test/test.html?name=zs&age=25", "");
System.out.println(doPost);
String doPost2 = doPost("http://localhost:8088//weixin/test/test.html?name=zs&age=25", map);
System.out.println(doPost2);
}
结果：
========================
request.getMethod(): GET
parameterName: name , parameterValue: zs
parameterName: age , parameterValue: 25
========================
request.getMethod(): GET
parameterName: xx , parameterValue: xxx
========================
request.getMethod(): POST
parameterName: name , parameterValue: zs
parameterName: age , parameterValue: 25
========================
request.getMethod(): POST
parameterName: name , parameterValue: zs
parameterName: age , parameterValue: 25
parameterName: xx , parameterValue: xxx
补充：NameValuePair是键值对的数据结构，内部维护一个key属性、一个value属性。有时候可替代map解决一些问题：
public interface NameValuePair {
String getName();
String getValue();
}
例如：
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("name", "zhangsan");
params.put("age", "25");
params.put("sex", "男");
params.put("network", "http://zhangsan.com"); List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new LinkedList<>();
for (Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = params.entrySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
Entry<String, String> next = iterator.next();
String key = next.getKey();
String value = next.getValue();
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, value));
}
String string = EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));
System.out.println(string); // URLEncodedUtils工具类使用
System.out.println("========URLEncodedUtils编码解码======");
String format = URLEncodedUtils.format(nameValuePairs, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
System.out.println(format); List<NameValuePair> parse = URLEncodedUtils.parse(format, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
System.out.println(parse);
结果：
sex=%3F&age=25&name=zhangsan&network=http%3A%2F%2Fzhangsan.com
========URLEncodedUtils编码解码======
sex=%E7%94%B7&age=25&name=zhangsan&network=http%3A%2F%2Fzhangsan.com
[sex=男, age=25, name=zhangsan, network=http://zhangsan.com]
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