.NET: XML
XML在平常生活中用得很多，它的结构很简单，跟windows explorer有点像。
对它进行操作主要有三种方式：XmlDocument,
假设有这么一个XML文件Book.XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<bookstore>
<!--记录书本的信息-->
<book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-11-19149-2">
<title>数据结构</title>
<author>严蔚敏</author>
<price>30.00</price>
</book>
<book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-3">
<title>路由型与交换型互联网基础</title>
<author>程青梅</author>
<price>27.00</price>
</book>
<book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-4">
<title>计算机硬件技术基础</title>
<author>李基灿</author>
<price>25.00</price>
</book>
<book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-5">
<title>软件质量保证与管理</title>
<author>朱少敏</author>
<price>39.00</price>
</book>
<book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-6">
<title>算法设计与分析</title>
<author>王红梅</author>
<price>23.00</price>
</book>
<book Type="选修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-1">
<title>计算机操作系统</title>
<author>林美苏</author>
<price>28.00</price>
</book>
</bookstore>
再定义一个BookModel类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace ConsoleTest
{
public class BookModel
{
public BookModel()
{
}
private string bookType;
public string BookType
{
get { return bookType; }
set { bookType = value; }
}
private string bookISBN;
public string BookISBN
{
get { return bookISBN; }
set { bookISBN = value; }
}
private string bookName;
public string BookName
{
get { return bookName; }
set { bookName = value; }
}
private string bookAuthor;
public string BookAuthor
{
get { return bookAuthor; }
set { bookAuthor = value; }
}
private double bookPrice;
public double BookPrice
{
get { return bookPrice; }
set { bookPrice = value; }
}
}
}
1. XmlDocument
分别演示了读取，增加，修改和删除
2. 用XmlTextReader和XmlTextWriter
XmlTextWriter要覆盖原来的文件，显得很麻烦，这里就不写了
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace ConsoleTest
{
public class Program
{
static private void showXmlInfo(string path)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.IgnoreComments = true;
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(path, settings);
doc.Load(reader);
XmlNode xn = doc.DocumentElement;
XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;
List<BookModel> bookModelList = new List<BookModel>();
foreach (XmlNode xmlNode in xnl)
{
BookModel bookModel = new BookModel();
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xmlNode;
bookModel.BookISBN = xe.GetAttribute("ISBN").ToString();
bookModel.BookType = xe.GetAttribute("Type").ToString();
XmlNodeList xnlChild = xe.ChildNodes;
bookModel.BookName = xnlChild.Item().InnerText;
bookModel.BookAuthor = xnlChild.Item().InnerText;
bookModel.BookPrice = Convert.ToDouble(xnlChild.Item().InnerText);
bookModelList.Add(bookModel);
}
foreach (BookModel book in bookModelList)
{
Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: {0} Type: {1}", book.BookISBN, book.BookType);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookName: {0}", book.BookName);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookAuthor: {0}", book.BookAuthor);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookPrice: {0}", book.BookPrice);
}
reader.Close();
}
static private void showXmlInfoByTextReader(string path)
{
XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(path);
List<BookModel> modelList = new List<BookModel>();
BookModel model = new BookModel();
while (reader.Read())
{
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element)
{
if (reader.Name == "book")
{
model.BookType = reader.GetAttribute();
model.BookISBN = reader.GetAttribute();
}
if (reader.Name == "title")
{
model.BookName = reader.ReadElementString().Trim();
}
if (reader.Name == "author")
{
model.BookAuthor = reader.ReadElementString().Trim();
}
if (reader.Name == "price")
{
model.BookPrice = Convert.ToDouble(reader.ReadElementString().Trim());
}
}
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
modelList.Add(model);
model = new BookModel();
}
}
modelList.RemoveAt(modelList.Count - );
foreach (BookModel book in modelList)
{
Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: {0} Type: {1}", book.BookISBN, book.BookType);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookName: {0}", book.BookName);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookAuthor: {0}", book.BookAuthor);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookPrice: {0}", book.BookPrice);
}
reader.Close();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
const string PATH = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Demo\Book.XML";
Console.WriteLine("Read by XmlDocument...\n");
showXmlInfo(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nRead by XmlTextReader...\n");
showXmlInfoByTextReader(PATH);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(PATH);
XmlNode root = doc.DocumentElement;
XmlElement xelKey = doc.CreateElement("book");
xelKey.SetAttribute("Type", "选修课");
xelKey.SetAttribute("ISBN", "7-111-19149-7");
XmlElement xelTitle = doc.CreateElement("title");
xelTitle.InnerText = "计算机算法与结构";
XmlElement xelAuthor = doc.CreateElement("author");
xelAuthor.InnerText = "程晓旭";
XmlElement xelPrice = doc.CreateElement("price");
xelPrice.InnerText = "50.00";
xelKey.AppendChild(xelTitle);
xelKey.AppendChild(xelAuthor);
xelKey.AppendChild(xelPrice);
root.AppendChild(xelKey);
doc.Save(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nApending one child by XmlDocument...\n");
showXmlInfo(PATH);
xelKey.GetElementsByTagName().InnerText = ".NET深入浅出";
xelKey.GetElementsByTagName().InnerText = "冯小兵";
xelKey.GetElementsByTagName().InnerText = "49.00";
doc.Save(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nEditting one child...\n");
showXmlInfo(PATH);
xelKey.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xelKey);
doc.Save(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nRemove one child...\n");
showXmlInfo(PATH);
}
}
}
用windowsForm的listBox来显示的时候
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Xml;
namespace WindowsTest
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
const string PATH = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Demo\Book.XML";
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(PATH);
RecurseXmlDocument((XmlNode)doc.DocumentElement, );
}
private void RecurseXmlDocument(XmlNode root, int indent)
{
if (root == null) return;
if (root is XmlElement)
{
listBox1.Items.Add(root.Name.PadLeft(root.Name.Length + indent));
if (root.HasChildNodes)
{
RecurseXmlDocument(root.FirstChild, indent + );
}
if (root.NextSibling != null)
{
RecurseXmlDocument(root.NextSibling, indent);
}
}
else if (root is XmlText)
{
string text = ((XmlText)root).Value;
listBox1.Items.Add(text.PadLeft(text.Length + indent));
}
}
}
}
3. 用LINQ
3.0的新发现
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace ConsoleTest
{
public class Program
{
static private void showXmlInfoByLinq(string path)
{
XElement xe = XElement.Load(path);
IEnumerable<XElement> elements = from ele in xe.Elements("book")
select ele;
List<BookModel> modelList = new List<BookModel>();
foreach (var ele in elements)
{
BookModel model = new BookModel();
model.BookAuthor = ele.Element("author").Value;
model.BookName = ele.Element("title").Value;
model.BookPrice = Convert.ToDouble(ele.Element("price").Value);
model.BookISBN = ele.Attribute("ISBN").Value;
model.BookType = ele.Attribute("Type").Value;
modelList.Add(model);
}
foreach (BookModel book in modelList)
{
Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: {0} Type: {1}", book.BookISBN, book.BookType);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookName: {0}", book.BookName);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookAuthor: {0}", book.BookAuthor);
Console.WriteLine("\tBookPrice: {0}", book.BookPrice);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
const string PATH = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Demo\Book.XML";
Console.WriteLine("\nRead by XmlLinq...\n");
showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH);
XElement xe = XElement.Load(PATH);
XElement record = new XElement(
new XElement("book",
new XAttribute("Type", "选修课"),
new XAttribute("ISBN", "7-111-19149-8"),
new XElement("title", "敏捷开发"),
new XElement("author", "秦朗"),
new XElement("price", 34.00)
)
);
xe.Add(record);
xe.Save(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nApending one child by XmlLinq...\n");
showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH);
xe = XElement.Load(PATH);
IEnumerable<XElement> element = from ele in xe.Elements("book")
where ele.Attribute("ISBN").Value == "7-111-19149-8"
select ele;
)
{
XElement first = element.First();
first.SetAttributeValue("Type", "必修课");
first.ReplaceNodes(
new XElement("title", "敏捷开发框架"),
new XElement("author", "秦明"),
new XElement("price", 35.00)
);
}
xe.Save(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nEditting one child by XmlLinq...\n");
showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH);
xe = XElement.Load(PATH);
IEnumerable<XElement> elements = from ele in xe.Elements("book")
where ele.Attribute("ISBN").Value == "7-111-19149-8"
select ele;
)
{
elements.First().Remove();
}
xe.Save(PATH);
Console.WriteLine("\nRemoving one child by XmlLinq...\n");
showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH);
}
}
}
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