Netty4.0学习笔记系列之三:构建简单的http服务(转)
http://blog.csdn.net/u013252773/article/details/21254257
本文主要介绍如何通过Netty构建一个简单的http服务。
想要实现的目的是:
1、Client向Server发送http请求。
2、Server端对http请求进行解析。
3、Server端向client发送http响应。
4、Client对http响应进行解析。
在该实例中,会涉及到http请求的编码、解码,http响应的编码、解码,幸运的是,Netty已经为我们提供了这些工具,整个实例的逻辑图如下所示:
其中红色框中的4个类是Netty提供的,它们其实也是一种Handler,其中Encoder继承自ChannelOutboundHandler,Decoder继承自ChannelInboundHandler,它们的作用是:
1、HttpRequestEncoder:对httpRequest进行编码。
2、HttpRequestDecoder:把流数据解析为httpRequest。
3、HttpResponsetEncoder:对httpResponset进行编码。
4、HttpResponseEncoder:把流数据解析为httpResponse。
该实例涉及到的类有5个:HttpServer HttpServerInboundHandler HttpClient HttpClientInboundHandler ByteBufToBytes
1、HttpServer 启动http服务器
- package com.guowl.testhttpprotocol;
- import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
- import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
- public class HttpServer {
- public void start(int port) throws Exception {
- EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); // (1)
- EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- try {
- ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); // (2)
- b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // (3)
- .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { // (4)
- @Override
- public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
- // server端发送的是httpResponse,所以要使用HttpResponseEncoder进行编码
- ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpResponseEncoder());
- // server端接收到的是httpRequest,所以要使用HttpRequestDecoder进行解码
- ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder());
- ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerInboundHandler());
- }
- }).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128) // (5)
- .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); // (6)
- ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // (7)
- f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
- } finally {
- workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
- bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
- server.start(8000);
- }
- }
2、HttpServerInboundHandler 解析客户端的请求,并进行响应
- package com.guowl.testhttpprotocol;
- import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION;
- import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH;
- import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE;
- import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK;
- import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1;
- import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
- import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Values;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import com.guowl.utils.ByteBufToBytes;
- public class HttpServerInboundHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpServerInboundHandler.class);
- private ByteBufToBytes reader;
- @Override
- public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
- if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
- HttpRequest request = (HttpRequest) msg;
- System.out.println("messageType:" + request.headers().get("messageType"));
- System.out.println("businessType:" + request.headers().get("businessType"));
- if (HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet(request)) {
- reader = new ByteBufToBytes((int) HttpHeaders.getContentLength(request));
- }
- }
- if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
- HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;
- ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();
- reader.reading(content);
- content.release();
- if (reader.isEnd()) {
- String resultStr = new String(reader.readFull());
- System.out.println("Client said:" + resultStr);
- FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, OK, Unpooled.wrappedBuffer("I am ok"
- .getBytes()));
- response.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain");
- response.headers().set(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.content().readableBytes());
- response.headers().set(CONNECTION, Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
- ctx.write(response);
- ctx.flush();
- }
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
- logger.info("HttpServerInboundHandler.channelReadComplete");
- ctx.flush();
- }
- }
3、HttpClient 向服务器发送请求
- package com.guowl.testhttpprotocol;
- import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
- import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
- import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpRequest;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseDecoder;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
- import java.net.URI;
- public class HttpClient {
- public void connect(String host, int port) throws Exception {
- EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- try {
- Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap(); // (1)
- b.group(workerGroup); // (2)
- b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class); // (3)
- b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); // (4)
- b.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
- @Override
- public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
- // 客户端接收到的是httpResponse响应,所以要使用HttpResponseDecoder进行解码
- ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpResponseDecoder());
- // 客户端发送的是httprequest,所以要使用HttpRequestEncoder进行编码
- ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpRequestEncoder());
- ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpClientInboundHandler());
- }
- });
- // Start the client.
- ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync(); // (5)
- URI uri = new URI("http://127.0.0.1:8000");
- String msg = "Are you ok?";
- DefaultFullHttpRequest request = new DefaultFullHttpRequest(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.POST,
- uri.toASCIIString(), Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(msg.getBytes()));
- // 构建http请求
- request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.HOST, host);
- request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
- request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, request.content().readableBytes());
- request.headers().set("messageType", "normal");
- request.headers().set("businessType", "testServerState");
- // 发送http请求
- f.channel().write(request);
- f.channel().flush();
- f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
- } finally {
- workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
- client.connect("127.0.0.1", 8000);
- }
- }
4、HttpClientInboundHandler 对服务器的响应进行读取
- package com.guowl.testhttpprotocol;
- import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
- import com.guowl.utils.ByteBufToBytes;
- public class HttpClientInboundHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
- private ByteBufToBytes reader;
- @Override
- public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
- if (msg instanceof HttpResponse) {
- HttpResponse response = (HttpResponse) msg;
- System.out.println("CONTENT_TYPE:" + response.headers().get(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE));
- if (HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet(response)) {
- reader = new ByteBufToBytes((int) HttpHeaders.getContentLength(response));
- }
- }
- if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
- HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;
- ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();
- reader.reading(content);
- content.release();
- if (reader.isEnd()) {
- String resultStr = new String(reader.readFull());
- System.out.println("Server said:" + resultStr);
- ctx.close();
- }
- }
- }
- }
5、ByteBufToBytes 读取NIO的工具类,可以一次性把ByteBuf的数据读取出来,也可以把多次ByteBuf中的数据统一读取出来。
- package com.guowl.utils;
- import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
- import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
- public class ByteBufToBytes {
- private ByteBuf temp;
- private boolean end = true;
- public ByteBufToBytes(int length) {
- temp = Unpooled.buffer(length);
- }
- public void reading(ByteBuf datas) {
- datas.readBytes(temp, datas.readableBytes());
- if (this.temp.writableBytes() != 0) {
- end = false;
- } else {
- end = true;
- }
- }
- public boolean isEnd() {
- return end;
- }
- public byte[] readFull() {
- if (end) {
- byte[] contentByte = new byte[this.temp.readableBytes()];
- this.temp.readBytes(contentByte);
- this.temp.release();
- return contentByte;
- } else {
- return null;
- }
- }
- public byte[] read(ByteBuf datas) {
- byte[] bytes = new byte[datas.readableBytes()];
- datas.readBytes(bytes);
- return bytes;
- }
- }
注意事项:
1、可以通过在Netty的Chanel中发送HttpRequest对象,完成发送http请求的要求,同时可以对HttpHeader进行设置。
2、可以通过HttpResponse发送http响应,同时可以对HttpHeader进行设置。
3、上面涉及到的http对象都是Netty自己封装的,不是标准的。
Netty4.0学习笔记系列之三:构建简单的http服务(转)的更多相关文章
- Netty4.0学习笔记系列之一:Server与Client的通讯
http://blog.csdn.net/u013252773/article/details/21046697 本文是学习Netty的第一篇文章,主要对Netty的Server和Client间的通讯 ...
- Netty4.0学习笔记系列之二:Handler的执行顺序(转)
http://blog.csdn.net/u013252773/article/details/21195593 Handler在netty中,无疑占据着非常重要的地位.Handler与Servlet ...
- Netty4.0学习笔记系列之四:混合使用coder和handler
Handler如何使用在前面的例子中已经有了示范,那么同样是扩展自ChannelHandler的Encoder和Decoder,与Handler混合后又是如何使用的?本文将通过一个实际的小例子来展示它 ...
- Netty4.0学习笔记系列之二:Handler的执行顺序
Handler在netty中,无疑占据着非常重要的地位.Handler与Servlet中的filter很像,通过Handler可以完成通讯报文的解码编码.拦截指定的报文.统一对日志错误进行处理.统一对 ...
- WebService学习笔记系列(二)
soap(简单对象访问协议),它是在http基础之上传递xml格式数据的协议.soap协议分为两个版本,soap1.1和soap1.2. 在学习webservice时我们有一个必备工具叫做tcpmon ...
- .NET CORE学习笔记系列(2)——依赖注入【1】控制反转IOC
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/artech/p/net-core-di-01.html 一.流程控制的反转 IoC的全名Inverse of Control,翻译成中文就是“控 ...
- DirectX 总结和DirectX 9.0 学习笔记
转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/graphics/archive/2009/11/25/1583682.html DirectX 总结 DDS DirectXDraw Surfac ...
- 步步为营 SharePoint 开发学习笔记系列总结
转:http://www.cnblogs.com/springyangwc/archive/2011/08/03/2126763.html 概要 为时20多天的sharepoint开发学习笔记系列终于 ...
- .NET CORE学习笔记系列(2)——依赖注入[6]: .NET Core DI框架[编程体验]
原文https://www.cnblogs.com/artech/p/net-core-di-06.html 毫不夸张地说,整个ASP.NET Core框架是建立在一个依赖注入框架之上的,它在应用启动 ...
随机推荐
- c#参数传递使用中的一个坑,值传递与引用传递
c#参数传递使用中发现的一个问题 写了3个重载方法,把 对象.int .(int直接封入object) 传入SWAP方法进行数据操作结果对象内的数据发生了改变,其他2个没有:
- 10.27 noip模拟试题
1.铺瓷砖(tile.cpp/c/pas)[问题描述]有一面很长很长的墙. 你需要在这面墙上贴上两行瓷砖. 你的手头有两种不同尺寸的瓷砖,你希望用这两种瓷砖各贴一行.瓷砖的长可以用分数表示,贴在第一行 ...
- JS根据key值获取URL中的参数值,以及把URL的参数转换成json对象
//把url的参数部分转化成json对象 parseQueryString: function (url) { var reg_url = /^[^\?]+\?([\w\W]+)$/, reg_par ...
- Log4j(1.2.17) - hello world
1. Maven 依赖 <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifac ...
- 服务器证书安装配置指南(IIS7.5) 分类: ASP.NET 2014-11-05 12:39 105人阅读 评论(0) 收藏
1.启动IIS管理器,点击开始菜单->所有程序->管理工具->Internet信息服务(IIS)管理器: 2.选择"服务器证书": 3.在右边窗口,选择" ...
- 转 sqlserver字段描述相关操作sql
可以自己查询系统表: SELECT o.name AS tableName, c.name AS columnName, p.[value] AS Description FROM sysproper ...
- CSS3 box-sizing 属性
定义和用法 box-sizing 属性允许您以特定的方式定义匹配某个区域的特定元素. 例如,假如您需要并排放置两个带边框的框,可通过将 box-sizing 设置为 "border-box& ...
- object标签参考(转载)
<object> 元素可支持多种不同的媒介类型,比如: 图片 音频 视频 Other 对象 显示图片 你可以显示一幅图片: <object height="100%&quo ...
- C# Activator.CreateInstance()
C#在类工厂中动态创建类的实例,所使用的方法为: 1. Activator.CreateInstance (Type) 2. Activator.CreateInstance (Type, Objec ...
- ORACLE多表关联UPDATE 语句
转载至:http://blog.itpub.net/29378313/viewspace-1064069/ 为了方便起见,建立了以下简单模型,和构造了部分测试数据:在某个业务受理子系统BSS中, SQ ...