RMAN数据库恢复测试

RMAN恢复实践

RMAN> list backup;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

1       Full    964.65M    DISK        00:02:07     19-SEP-13     

        BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130919T011640

        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp

  List of Datafiles in backup set 1

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  1       Full 838482     19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/system01.dbf

  2       Full 838482     19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/sysaux01.dbf

  3       Full 838482     19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/undotbs01.dbf

  4       Full 838482     19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

2       Full    9.36M      DISK        00:00:08     19-SEP-13     

        BP Key: 2   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130919T011640

        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20130919T011640_93odvkkc_.bkp

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 19-SEP-13

  SPFILE db_unique_name: AUGUST

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 838535       Ckp time: 19-SEP-13

2. 归档当前日志

SQL> alter system switch logfile; 

SQL> select sequence#,first_change#,next_change# ,archived from v$archived_log;

 SEQUENCE# FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE# ARCHIV

---------- ------------- ------------ ------

         2        757280       767227 YES

         3        767227       780016 YES

         4        780016       811911 YES

         5        811911       835483 YES

         6        835483       840784 YES

3. 在新的日志文件中，进行DML操作。

SQL> create table scott.rman_test1(id int,name char(10));

SQL> select * from scott.rman_test1;

        ID NAME

---------- --------------------

         1 log1

         1 log1

         1 log1

         1 log1

         1 log1

         1 log1

将表scott.rman_test1操作日志归档。

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

SQL> select sequence#,first_change#,next_change# from v$archived_log;

SEQUENCE# FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------- ------------

......

         6        835483       840784

         7        840784       841197

在新的日志中，进行scott.rman_test2的创建，不对此日志归档，log sequence 8.

SQL> create table scott.rman_test2 as select table_name from user_tables;

此时在线日志8中有rman_test2,归档日志7中有rman_test1.

4. 使用rman进行不完整恢复到归档日志7.

注：rman restore操作需要在mount下进行，不然会报错。

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 19-SEP-13

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=44 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 09/19/2013 20:38:42

ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp

ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 1

关闭数据库，启动到mount

RMAN> shutdown immediate                     /*RMAN下可以进行shutdown, startup命令*/

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup mount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area     422670336 bytes

Fixed Size                     1336960 bytes

Variable Size                322963840 bytes

Database Buffers              92274688 bytes

Redo Buffers                   6094848 bytes

查看备份集信息概要。

RMAN> list backup summary;

List of Backups

===============

Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag

------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---

1       B  F  A DISK        19-SEP-13       1       1       NO         TAG20130919T011640

2       B  F  A DISK        19-SEP-13       1       1       NO         TAG20130919T011640

恢复备份文件

-rw-r-----. 1 Oracle oinstall    9830400 Sep 19 01:18 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20130919T011640_93odvkkc_.bkp

-rw-r-----. 1 Oracle oinstall 1011515392 Sep 19 01:18 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 19-SEP-13

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp tag=TAG20130919T011640

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:45

Finished restore at 19-SEP-13

介质恢复（相当于db2中的前滚操作）

RMAN> recover database until;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "scn, sequence, time"

RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 23 file: standard input

可以看出RMAN中recover database until 后面可以按三种方式前滚(SCN,SEQUENCE,TIME).

这里我们按照sequence方式恢复（前滚）。

查看归档日志情况。

RMAN> list archivelog all;

List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name AUGUST

=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time

------- ---- ------- - ---------

1       1    2       A 15-SEP-13

        Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_15/o1_mf_1_2_93cc8thy_.arc

2       1    3       A 15-SEP-13

        Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_15/o1_mf_1_3_93ck0mxm_.arc

3       1    4       A 15-SEP-13

        Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_16/o1_mf_1_4_93ftwxqj_.arc

4       1    5       A 16-SEP-13

        Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_5_93o9xt7k_.arc

5       1    6       A 19-SEP-13

        Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_6_93qgls17_.arc

6       1    7       A 19-SEP-13

        Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_7_93qh7sqx_.arc

前滚恢复。

RMAN> recover database until sequence 7;

Starting recover at 19-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 6 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_6_93qgls17_.arc

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_6_93qgls17_.arc thread=1 sequence=6

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06

Finished recover at 19-SEP-13

/*好像只恢复到log 7就停止了*/

RMAN> recover database until sequence 8; 

Starting recover at 19-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 7 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_7_93qh7sqx_.arc

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_7_93qh7sqx_.arc thread=1 sequence=7

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 19-SEP-13

/*看来需要指定到需要日志的下一个sequence*/

察看当前日志情况。

SQL> select sequence#,archived,status,first_change#,next_change# from v$log;


 SEQUENCE# ARCHIV STATUS                           FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE#

---------- ------ -------------------------------- ------------- ------------

         7 YES    INACTIVE                                840784       841197

         6 YES    INACTIVE                                835483       840784

         8 NO     CURRENT                                 841197   2.8147E+14

我们采用不完全恢复，不应用8号日志，直接打开数据库。

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

数据库完成恢复，由于是resetlogs模式打开的，查看当前日志状态。

SQL> select sequence#,archived,status,first_change#,next_change# from v$log;

SEQUENCE# ARCHIV STATUS                           FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE#

---------- ------ -------------------------------- ------------- ------------

         1 NO     CURRENT                                 841198   2.8147E+14

         0 YES    UNUSED                                       0            0

         0 YES    UNUSED                                       0            0

日志被reset从1号开始了。

看到恢复后的用户表情况。

SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME

------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN_TEST1

T_C

T_P

SALGRADE

BONUS

EMP

DEPT

看到RMAN_TEST1表已经被恢复回来了。但是里面没有数据，因为我们之前并没有commit这个插入。

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