oracle12c之 单机12.1.0.1打补丁

1、 下载最新的12.1.0.1的DB PSU 与 OPatch
p23054354_121010_Linux-x86-64.zip
p6880880_121010_Linux-x86-64.zip

2. 检查数据库当前OPatch版本
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.1.0.1.0
OPatch succeeded.

3. 更新OPatch
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1

-- root用户执行，/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/为oracle用户下的$ORACLE_HOME路径
[root@host-172-16-3-132 ~]# mv /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/OPatch /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/OPatch_bak
[root@host-172-16-3-132 u01]# ll p6880880_121010_Linux-x86-64.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 80276058 Sep 12 18:16 p6880880_121010_Linux-x86-64.zi
[root@host-172-16-3-132 u01]# unzip p6880880_121010_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/
[root@host-172-16-3-132 u01]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/OPatch

4、 检查OPatch
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 u01]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.9
OPatch succeeded.

5. 解压补丁文件
[root@host-172-16-3-132 u01]# unzip p23054354_121010_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /u01/db_psu/
[root@host-172-16-3-132 u01]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/db_psu/

6. 检查补丁之间有无冲突
[root@host-172-16-3-132 u01]# cd db_psu/
[root@host-172-16-3-132 db_psu]# ls
23054354 PatchSearch.xml
[root@host-172-16-3-132 db_psu]# cd 23054354/
[root@host-172-16-3-132 23054354]# ls
19769486 20831107 21951844 23054354 README.txt
20299016 21352619 22291141 README.html

[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 23054354]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/db_psu/23054354 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.9
Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
PREREQ session
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.9
OUI version : 12.1.0.1.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-09-13_10-14-32AM_1.log
Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"
Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.
OPatch succeeded.

7. 为数据库做冷备份 （如果不考虑安全性，这步可以省略，有点点风险）

使用root用户备份oracle_home （将#ORACLE_HOME上级目录整个备份）
tar -zcvpf db_20170913.tar.gz dbhome_1/

8. 关闭实例和监听 (注意静态监听与oem)
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 23054354]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 23054354]$ lsnrctl status
[root]#ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep LOCAL=NO|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 23054354]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
[oracle]$ netstat -an |grep 1158

9、 手动更新补丁

[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 23054354]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.9
Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.9
OUI version : 12.1.0.1.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-09-13_12-21-10PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches: 19769486 20299016 20831107 21352619 21951844 22291141 23054354

Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1')

Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying sub-patch '19769486' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1'
ApplySession: Optional component(s) [ oracle.network.cman, 12.1.0.1.0 ] not present in the Oracle Home or a higher version is found.

Composite patch 23054354 successfully applied.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-09-13_12-21-10PM_1.log
OPatch succeeded.

SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2371719168 bytes
Fixed Size 2853264 bytes
Variable Size 654313072 bytes
Database Buffers 1694498816 bytes
Redo Buffers 20054016 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;

Pluggable database altered.

10、 将补丁注册到数据字典中：

注意：12C的补丁注册改成了用datapatch工具，而不是以前版本的 @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catbundle.sql psu apply
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 OPatch]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@host-172-16-3-132 OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
Connecting to database...OK
Determining current state...
Currently installed SQL Patches:
PDB CDB$ROOT:
PDB PDB$SEED:
PDB PDB01:
.....
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/sqlpatch/23054354/23054354_apply_ANDYCDB_PDB01_2017Sep14_04_41_10.log (no errors)
catbundle generate logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/catbundle/catbundle_PSU_ANDYCDB_PDB01_GENERATE_2017Sep14_04_41_11.log (no errors)
catbundle apply logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/catbundle/catbundle_PSU_ANDYCDB_PDB01_APPLY_2017Sep14_04_41_13.log (no errors)
SQL Patching tool complete on Thu Sep 14 04:41:53 2017

11、 验证是否打补丁成功
col ACTION_TIME for a30;
col COMMENTS for a20;
col BUNDLE_SERIES for a10;
select ACTION_TIME,BUNDLE_SERIES,COMMENTS from dba_registry_history;

ACTION_TIME BUNDLE_SER COMMENTS
------------------------------ ---------- --------------------
14-SEP-17 03.46.47.445096 AM PSU Patchset 12.1.0.0.0
14-SEP-17 04.28.21.213333 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
14-SEP-17 04.28.32.004194 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
14-SEP-17 04.28.42.435304 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
14-SEP-17 04.28.53.797447 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
14-SEP-17 04.29.03.854827 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
14-SEP-17 04.29.14.465123 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
14-SEP-17 04.29.25.696294 AM PSU PSU 12.1.0.1.160719
8 rows selected

[oracle@12 OPatch]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory
Patch 23054354 : applied on Thu Sep 14 04:12:25 CST 2017
Unique Patch ID: 20238050

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects where status<>'VALID';

COUNT(*)
----------
0