Httpd服务入门知识-Httpd服务常见配置案例之MPM（ Multi-Processing Module）多路处理模块
Httpd服务入门知识-Httpd服务常见配置案例之MPM（ Multi-Processing Module）多路处理模块
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
一.MPM（ Multi-Processing Module）多路处理模块
MPM（ Multi-Processing Module）多路处理模块分为:"prefork, worker, event",接下来我们查看一下如何配置吧。
1>.prefork的配置
StartServers
启动服务时默认会启动8个进程
MinSpareServers
最少空闲的进程数默认为5，当响应请求时就不需要在浪费创建进程的时间啦，而是直接让空闲进程去响应，因此咱们可以指定最少的进程数。
MaxSpareServers
最大进程空闲数默认为20，当所有的进程都处理完请求后，可能会有很多进程空闲，此时会释放部分进程，因此咱们可以指定最多的空闲进程数。
ServerLimit
最多开启的进程数默认为256 最多进程数的最大值为20000
MaxRequestsPerChild
每个子进程最多处理默认为4000个请求，即子进程最多能处理的请求数量为4000 。在处理MaxRequestsPerChild个请求之后,子进程将会被父进程终止，这时候子进程占用的内存就会释放(为0时永远不释放），在重新开启新的子进程来响应。
2>.worker的配置
ServerLimit
最多开启的进程数默认为16 最多进程数的最大值为20000 StartServers
启动服务时默认会启动2个进程
MaxRequestWorkers
每个子线程最多处理的请求数默认为150.
MinSpareThreads
最小空闲的线程数默认是25. MaxSpareThreads
最大空闲的线程数默认是75. ThreadsPerChild
每个子进程最多开放的线程数默认为25.
二.切换使用的MPM
1>.查看默认的多路处理模块
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-mpm.conf #启用要启用的MPM相关的LoadModule指令即可
# Select the MPM module which should be used by uncommenting exactly
# one of the following LoadModule lines: # prefork MPM: Implements a non-threaded, pre-forking web server
# See: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/prefork.html
LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so # worker MPM: Multi-Processing Module implementing a hybrid
# multi-threaded multi-process web server
# See: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/worker.html
#
#LoadModule mpm_worker_module modules/mod_mpm_worker.so # event MPM: A variant of the worker MPM with the goal of consuming
# threads only for connections with active processing
# See: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/event.html
#
#LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ps auxf | grep apache
root 0.0 0.0 pts/ S+ : : | \_ grep --color=auto apache
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# pstree -p | grep httpd
|-httpd()-+-httpd()
| |-httpd()
| |-httpd()
| |-httpd()
| |-httpd()
| `-httpd()
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.切换至worker模块
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-mpm.conf #默认使用的就是prefock处理模块
LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-mpm.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-mpm.conf #将默认的模块注释掉，切换成worker处理模块
LoadModule mpm_worker_module modules/mod_mpm_worker.so
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl reload httpd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ps auxf | grep apache
root 0.0 0.0 pts/ S+ : : | \_ grep --color=auto apache
apache 0.0 0.0 ? S : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? Sl : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? Sl : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 0.0 0.0 ? Sl : : \_ /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# pstree -p | grep http #不难发现有主进程多出来多个子进程，而子进程有分裂出多个线程
|-httpd()-+-httpd()
| |-httpd()-+-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | `-{httpd}()
| |-httpd()-+-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | |-{httpd}()
| | `-{httpd}()
| `-httpd()-+-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| |-{httpd}()
| `-{httpd}()
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# httpd -M | grep worker #我们发现worker模块已被加载啦~
mpm_worker_module (shared)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
三.模块加载
1>.查看静态编译的模块
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# httpd -l
Compiled in modules:
core.c
mod_so.c
http_core.c
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.查看静态编译及动态装载的模块
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# httpd -M
Loaded Modules:
core_module (static)
so_module (static)
http_module (static)
access_compat_module (shared)
actions_module (shared)
alias_module (shared)
allowmethods_module (shared)
auth_basic_module (shared)
auth_digest_module (shared)
authn_anon_module (shared)
authn_core_module (shared)
authn_dbd_module (shared)
authn_dbm_module (shared)
authn_file_module (shared)
authn_socache_module (shared)
authz_core_module (shared)
authz_dbd_module (shared)
authz_dbm_module (shared)
authz_groupfile_module (shared)
authz_host_module (shared)
authz_owner_module (shared)
authz_user_module (shared)
autoindex_module (shared)
cache_module (shared)
cache_disk_module (shared)
data_module (shared)
dbd_module (shared)
deflate_module (shared)
dir_module (shared)
dumpio_module (shared)
echo_module (shared)
env_module (shared)
expires_module (shared)
ext_filter_module (shared)
filter_module (shared)
headers_module (shared)
include_module (shared)
info_module (shared)
log_config_module (shared)
logio_module (shared)
mime_magic_module (shared)
mime_module (shared)
negotiation_module (shared)
remoteip_module (shared)
reqtimeout_module (shared)
rewrite_module (shared)
setenvif_module (shared)
slotmem_plain_module (shared)
slotmem_shm_module (shared)
socache_dbm_module (shared)
socache_memcache_module (shared)
socache_shmcb_module (shared)
status_module (shared)
substitute_module (shared)
suexec_module (shared)
unique_id_module (shared)
unixd_module (shared)
userdir_module (shared)
version_module (shared)
vhost_alias_module (shared)
dav_module (shared)
dav_fs_module (shared)
dav_lock_module (shared)
lua_module (shared)
mpm_worker_module (shared)
proxy_module (shared)
lbmethod_bybusyness_module (shared)
lbmethod_byrequests_module (shared)
lbmethod_bytraffic_module (shared)
lbmethod_heartbeat_module (shared)
proxy_ajp_module (shared)
proxy_balancer_module (shared)
proxy_connect_module (shared)
proxy_express_module (shared)
proxy_fcgi_module (shared)
proxy_fdpass_module (shared)
proxy_ftp_module (shared)
proxy_http_module (shared)
proxy_scgi_module (shared)
proxy_wstunnel_module (shared)
systemd_module (shared)
cgid_module (shared)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# httpd -M
3>.动态模块路径
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/
total
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_access_compat.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_actions.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_alias.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_allowmethods.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_asis.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_auth_basic.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_auth_digest.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authn_anon.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authn_core.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authn_dbd.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authn_dbm.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authn_file.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authn_socache.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_core.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_dbd.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_dbm.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_groupfile.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_host.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_owner.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_authz_user.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_autoindex.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_buffer.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_cache_disk.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_cache.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_cache_socache.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_cgid.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_cgi.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_charset_lite.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_data.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dav_fs.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dav_lock.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dav.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dbd.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_deflate.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dialup.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dir.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_dumpio.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_echo.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_env.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_expires.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_ext_filter.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_file_cache.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_filter.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_headers.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_heartbeat.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_heartmonitor.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_include.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_info.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_log_config.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_log_debug.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_log_forensic.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_logio.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_lua.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_macro.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_mime_magic.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_mime.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_mpm_event.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_mpm_prefork.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_mpm_worker.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_negotiation.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_ajp.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_balancer.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_connect.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_express.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_fcgi.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_fdpass.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_ftp.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_http.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_scgi.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_proxy_wstunnel.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_ratelimit.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_reflector.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_remoteip.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_reqtimeout.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_request.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_rewrite.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_sed.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_setenvif.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_slotmem_plain.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_slotmem_shm.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_socache_dbm.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_socache_memcache.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_socache_shmcb.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_speling.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_status.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_substitute.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_suexec.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_systemd.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_unique_id.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_unixd.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_userdir.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_usertrack.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_version.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_vhost_alias.so
-rwxr-xr-x root root Aug : mod_watchdog.so
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/ | wc -l [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/ #动态模块加载：不需重启即生效
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