Android View的重绘过程之Layout

博客首页：http://www.cnblogs.com/kezhuang/p/

View绘制的三部曲，测量，布局，绘画
现在我们分析布局部分
测量部分在上篇文章中已经分析过了。不了解的可以去我的博客里找一下

View的布局和测量一样，都是从ViewRootImpl中发起，ViewRootImpl先通过measure来初始化整个的view树
之后会调用onLayout方法来布局,ViewRootImpl是通过performLayout函数来发起重绘的
比较重要的部分我会写注释，注意看注释就行

    private void performLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams lp, int desiredWindowWidth,
            int desiredWindowHeight) {
        mLayoutRequested = false;
        mScrollMayChange = true;
        mInLayout = true;

        final View host = mView;
        if (DEBUG_ORIENTATION || DEBUG_LAYOUT) {
            Log.v(TAG, "Laying out " + host + " to (" +
                    host.getMeasuredWidth() + ", " + host.getMeasuredHeight() + ")");
        }

        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "layout");
        try {
            //通过调用DecorView的layout函数，来发起整个view视图的重绘
            host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());

            mInLayout = false;
            int numViewsRequestingLayout = mLayoutRequesters.size();
            if (numViewsRequestingLayout > 0) {
                // requestLayout() was called during layout.
                // If no layout-request flags are set on the requesting views, there is no problem.
                // If some requests are still pending, then we need to clear those flags and do
                // a full request/measure/layout pass to handle this situation.
                ArrayList<View> validLayoutRequesters = getValidLayoutRequesters(mLayoutRequesters,
                        false);
                if (validLayoutRequesters != null) {
                    // Set this flag to indicate that any further requests are happening during
                    // the second pass, which may result in posting those requests to the next
                    // frame instead
                    mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest = true;

                    // Process fresh layout requests, then measure and layout
                    int numValidRequests = validLayoutRequesters.size();
                    for (int i = 0; i < numValidRequests; ++i) {
                        final View view = validLayoutRequesters.get(i);
                        Log.w("View", "requestLayout() improperly called by " + view +
                                " during layout: running second layout pass");
                        view.requestLayout();
                    }
                    measureHierarchy(host, lp, mView.getContext().getResources(),
                            desiredWindowWidth, desiredWindowHeight);
                    mInLayout = true;
                    host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());

                    mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest = false;

                    // Check the valid requests again, this time without checking/clearing the
                    // layout flags, since requests happening during the second pass get noop'd
                    validLayoutRequesters = getValidLayoutRequesters(mLayoutRequesters, true);
                    if (validLayoutRequesters != null) {
                        final ArrayList<View> finalRequesters = validLayoutRequesters;
                        // Post second-pass requests to the next frame
                        getRunQueue().post(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                int numValidRequests = finalRequesters.size();
                                for (int i = 0; i < numValidRequests; ++i) {
                                    final View view = finalRequesters.get(i);
                                    Log.w("View", "requestLayout() improperly called by " + view +
                                            " during second layout pass: posting in next frame");
                                    view.requestLayout();
                                }
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }

            }
        } finally {
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
        }
        mInLayout = false;
    }

这个函数主要功能就是调用view的layout方法，接下来要分析的就是layout函数了。这个函数在View中，是触发onLayout函数的方法

    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked"})
    public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        //先判断一下是否需要重新测量
        if ((mPrivateFlags3 & PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT) != 0) {
            onMeasure(mOldWidthMeasureSpec, mOldHeightMeasureSpec);
            mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;
        }

        int oldL = mLeft;
        int oldT = mTop;
        int oldB = mBottom;
        int oldR = mRight;

        //判断是否使用 optical bound 布局,并且绘制Frame出来
        boolean changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ?
                setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) : setFrame(l, t, r, b);
        //如果需要重新layout的话，就开始调用DecorView的onLayout方法，我们简单看一下
        if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {
            onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
            mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED;

            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners != null) {
                ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener> listenersCopy =
                        (ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener>)li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners.clone();
                int numListeners = listenersCopy.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) {
                    listenersCopy.get(i).onLayoutChange(this, l, t, r, b, oldL, oldT, oldR, oldB);
                }
            }
        }

        mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;
        mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_IS_LAID_OUT;
    }

这个函数的工作就是分发整个的布局流程，先是DecorView，在FrameLayout ....直到整个view tree布局完毕

        @Override
        protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
            super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
            //获取界面的边框如果有偏移，就需要偏移一下view窗口
            getOutsets(mOutsets);
            if (mOutsets.left > 0) {
                offsetLeftAndRight(-mOutsets.left);
            }
            if (mOutsets.top > 0) {
                offsetTopAndBottom(-mOutsets.top);
            }
        }

这个onLayout是在DecorView中，他调用了super，也就是FrameLayout下边的onLayout方法，我们在继续看FrameLayout

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        layoutChildren(left, top, right, bottom, false /* no force left gravity */);
    }

这个函数页很简单，直接调用了layoutChildren方法去布局各种子view

    void layoutChildren(int left, int top, int right, int bottom,
                                  boolean forceLeftGravity) {
        final int count = getChildCount();

        final int parentLeft = getPaddingLeftWithForeground();
        final int parentRight = right - left - getPaddingRightWithForeground();

        final int parentTop = getPaddingTopWithForeground();
        final int parentBottom = bottom - top - getPaddingBottomWithForeground();
        //开始布局，目前这个是FrameLayout，特性就是默认左上角，且会z轴覆盖
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            final View child = getChildAt(i);
            if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

                final int width = child.getMeasuredWidth();
                final int height = child.getMeasuredHeight();

                int childLeft;
                int childTop;
                //处理对齐方式
                int gravity = lp.gravity;
                if (gravity == -1) {
                    gravity = DEFAULT_CHILD_GRAVITY;
                }

                final int layoutDirection = getLayoutDirection();
                final int absoluteGravity = Gravity.getAbsoluteGravity(gravity, layoutDirection);
                final int verticalGravity = gravity & Gravity.VERTICAL_GRAVITY_MASK;

                switch (absoluteGravity & Gravity.HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK) {
                    case Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL:
                        childLeft = parentLeft + (parentRight - parentLeft - width) / 2 +
                        lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin;
                        break;
                    case Gravity.RIGHT:
                        if (!forceLeftGravity) {
                            childLeft = parentRight - width - lp.rightMargin;
                            break;
                        }
                    case Gravity.LEFT:
                    default:
                        childLeft = parentLeft + lp.leftMargin;
                }

                switch (verticalGravity) {
                    case Gravity.TOP:
                        childTop = parentTop + lp.topMargin;
                        break;
                    case Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL:
                        childTop = parentTop + (parentBottom - parentTop - height) / 2 +
                        lp.topMargin - lp.bottomMargin;
                        break;
                    case Gravity.BOTTOM:
                        childTop = parentBottom - height - lp.bottomMargin;
                        break;
                    default:
                        childTop = parentTop + lp.topMargin;
                }
                //布局子view，以此类推，会布局完整个view树
                child.layout(childLeft, childTop, childLeft + width, childTop + height);
            }
        }
    }

上面方法运行完后，整个的布局过程就结束了。view这块的设计非常棒，采用了组合模式去设计，在上边循环中去调用layout方法，layout在去触发子view的onLayout来按照各自的规则去布局，直到整个view树循环完毕