centos-6.5安装部署LNMP环境

安装部署前,确保安装了gcc和gcc-c++

系统信息:

[root@zww ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
[root@zww ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-573.22.1.el6.x86_64

1.安装nginx：

安装依赖库：yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

官网下载源码包 wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz

解压: tar xf nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz

编译安装,这里只安装到/usr/local/nginx-1.9,其它选项可在源码包目录执行./configure --help查看

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-pcre && make && make install

出错：./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
明显缺少openssl-devel 安装：yum install -y openssl-devel

 

添加运行用户和用户组：

[root@zww ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin www

修改nginx配置文件：

[root@zww ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
#fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
log_format '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
log_format access '- $remote_addr - - $time_local "$request" "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" $body_bytes_sent $http_x_forwarded_for $request_length $status $request_time' ;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf;
}

启动前先检查nginx配置是否有错：

[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
./sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

出错：解决方法：添加软链接:
ln -s /lib/libpcre.so.0.0.1 /lib/libpcre.so.1  
前面在一般的linux上可以解决此问题.
注: 在有的操作系统上面,安装pcre后,安装的位置为/usr/local/lib/*pcre*
在redhat 64位机器之上有这样的情况.
在redhat 64位机器上, nginx可能读取的pcre文件为/lib64/libpcre.so.1文件.
所以64位机器添加软链接:
 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64/
再次检测：

[root@localhost nginx]# ./sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

启动nginx：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

出错:nginx: [error] invalid PID number "" in "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"

解决:

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //nginx -c 指定配置文件位置

设置开机自动启动nginx：
echo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@zhiwenwei nginx]# netstat -tlunp|grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      26752/nginx  

 

2.安装mysql

mysql版本5.5以上编译安装时需要用到软件cmake，cmake特性是独立于源码编译，编译工作可以在另外一个目录中而非源码目录中进行，好处是可以保证源码目录不受任何一次编译的影响。估计以后的版本也会采用这种方式，所以特地记录一下安装步骤及过程，以供参考

安装依赖软件库：yum -y install cmake bison ncurses-devel

创建用户和用户组与赋予数据存放目录权限
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

解压mysql源码包并进入源码包目录进行编译安装：

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17.tar.gz

解压进行编译安装：tar xf mysql-5.7.17.tar.gz
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data && make && make install

 

报错:CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:81 (MESSAGE):
  You can download it with -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=<directory>
解决:下载boost库:

boost库官网:http://www.boost.org

下载boost库并解压

 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar xf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

清除缓存并添加-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/opt/boost_1_59_0重新进行编译安装:

[root@zww mysql-5.7.17]#make clean
[root@zww mysql-5.7.17]#rm -rf CMakeCache.txt
[root@zww mysql-5.7.17]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/opt/boost_1_59_0 && make && make install

如果报错，请除缓存再使用以上命令
make clean
rm -rf CMakeCache.txt
在启动MySQL服务时，会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf，先在/etc目录下找，找不到则会搜索"$basedir/my.cnf，这里复制源码包下的配置文件到etc目录下并改名为my.conf
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

或者自己编译配置文件:

vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/log/mysql/error.log
datadir=/data/mysql_data/
[safe_mysqld]
err-log = /var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file = /var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

初始化数据库

安装完毕后必须要进行初始化配置。使用mysql_install_db脚本进行初始化,mysql5.7之前的版本的mysql_install_db是在mysql_basedir/script下的,mysql5.7版本在mysql安装目录下的bin目录.

初始化:

[root@zww mysql-5.7.17]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

配置mysql服务脚本:

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig mysql on

或者：echo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start  >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
启动数据库：
service mysql start
设置mysql环境变量:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

初始化密码

mysql5.7会生成一个初始化密码，而在之前的版本首次不需要登录。

[root@zww mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-02-07 16:17:37
+Bcr6_+TMv?w

设置密码

 [root@zww mysql]#mysqladmin -h localhost -uroot password '123456' -p'+Bcr6_+TMv?w'
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

登录mysql

[root@zww ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 5.7.17 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

3.php安装

我的另一篇文章有关于php的安装记录：

http://www.cnblogs.com/wenwei-blog/p/6261637.html