kubernetes生产实践之mysql

简介

kubedb mysql 生命周期及特性

Supported MySQL Features

Features	Availability

Clustering	✓

Persistent Volume	✓

Instant Backup	✓

Scheduled Backup	✓

Initialize using Snapshot	✓

Initialize using Script (*.sql, *sql.gz and/or *.sh)	✓

Custom Configuration	✓

Using Custom docker image	✓

Builtin Prometheus Discovery	✓

Using Prometheus operator	✓

查看kubedb支持的mysql版本

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl get mysqlversions

NAME        VERSION   DB_IMAGE                 DEPRECATED   AGE

5.7.25-v1   5.7.25    kubedb/mysql:5.7.25-v1                17h

5.7.29      5.7.29    kubedb/mysql:5.7.29                   17h

5.7.31      5.7.31    kubedb/mysql:5.7.31                   17h

8.0.14-v1   8.0.14    kubedb/mysql:8.0.14-v1                17h

8.0.20      8.0.20    kubedb/mysql:8.0.20                   17h

8.0.21      8.0.21    kubedb/mysql:8.0.21                   17h

8.0.3-v1    8.0.3     kubedb/mysql:8.0.3-v1                 17h

编写配置文件

mode: GroupReplication

group.name可以使用这个网站生成：https://www.uuidgenerator.net/version4

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2

kind: MySQL

metadata:

  name: mysql-group-test

  namespace: op

spec:

  version: "8.0.21"

  replicas: 3

  topology:

    mode: GroupReplication

    group:

      name: "d7f38430-d9ee-464b-af43-da9efa26fe02"

      baseServerID: 100

  storageType: Durable

  storage:

    storageClassName: "rbd"

    accessModes:

      - ReadWriteOnce

    resources:

      requests:

        storage: 50Gi

  terminationPolicy: Halt

安装Mysql

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl apply -f mysql-cluster-install.yaml

mysql.kubedb.com/mysql-group-test created

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl get po,ep,svc -n op

NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE

pod/mysql-group-test-0   2/2     Running   0          14m

pod/mysql-group-test-1   2/2     Running   0          9m41s

pod/mysql-group-test-2   2/2     Running   0          4m19s

NAME                                 ENDPOINTS                                                     AGE

endpoints/mysql-group-test           100.64.147.157:3306                                           14m

endpoints/mysql-group-test-pods      100.64.122.198:3306,100.64.147.157:3306,100.98.174.219:3306   14m

endpoints/mysql-group-test-standby   100.98.174.219:3306                                           14m

NAME                               TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE

service/mysql-group-test           ClusterIP   10.108.25.179   <none>        3306/TCP   14m

service/mysql-group-test-pods      ClusterIP   None            <none>        3306/TCP   14m

service/mysql-group-test-standby   ClusterIP   10.101.164.49   <none>        3306/TCP   14m

可以使用kubectl describe查看mysql集群详细信息

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl describe mysql mysql-group-test -n op

Name:         mysql-group-test

Namespace:    op

Labels:       <none>

Annotations:  <none>

API Version:  kubedb.com/v1alpha2

Kind:         MySQL

Metadata:

  Creation Timestamp:  2021-03-11T02:03:38Z

  Finalizers:

    kubedb.com

  Generation:  2

  Managed Fields:

    API Version:  kubedb.com/v1alpha2

    Fields Type:  FieldsV1

    fieldsV1:

      f:metadata:

        f:annotations:

          .:

          f:kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:

      f:spec:

        .:

        f:replicas:

        f:storage:

          .:

          f:accessModes:

          f:resources:

            .:

            f:requests:

              .:

              f:storage:

          f:storageClassName:

        f:storageType:

        f:terminationPolicy:

        f:topology:

          .:

          f:group:

            .:

            f:baseServerID:

            f:name:

          f:mode:

        f:version:

    Manager:      kubectl-client-side-apply

    Operation:    Update

    Time:         2021-03-11T02:03:38Z

    API Version:  kubedb.com/v1alpha2

    Fields Type:  FieldsV1

    fieldsV1:

      f:metadata:

        f:finalizers:

      f:spec:

        f:authSecret:

          .:

          f:name:

      f:status:

        .:

        f:conditions:

        f:observedGeneration:

        f:phase:

    Manager:         operator

    Operation:       Update

    Time:            2021-03-11T02:03:39Z

  Resource Version:  7283091

  UID:               38d0b2c8-2d56-4fcf-ba3b-dff211d8a63d

Spec:

  Auth Secret:

    Name:  mysql-group-test-auth

  Pod Template:

    Controller:

    Metadata:

    Spec:

      Affinity:

        Pod Anti Affinity:

          Preferred During Scheduling Ignored During Execution:

            Pod Affinity Term:

              Label Selector:

                Match Labels:

                  app.kubernetes.io/instance:    mysql-group-test

                  app.kubernetes.io/managed-by:  kubedb.com

                  app.kubernetes.io/name:        mysqls.kubedb.com

              Namespaces:

                op

              Topology Key:  kubernetes.io/hostname

            Weight:          100

            Pod Affinity Term:

              Label Selector:

                Match Labels:

                  app.kubernetes.io/instance:    mysql-group-test

                  app.kubernetes.io/managed-by:  kubedb.com

                  app.kubernetes.io/name:        mysqls.kubedb.com

              Namespaces:

                op

              Topology Key:  failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone

            Weight:          50

      Resources:

        Limits:

          Cpu:     500m

          Memory:  1Gi

        Requests:

          Cpu:               500m

          Memory:            1Gi

      Service Account Name:  mysql-group-test

  Replicas:                  3

  Storage:

    Access Modes:

      ReadWriteOnce

    Resources:

      Requests:

        Storage:         50Gi

    Storage Class Name:  rbd

  Storage Type:          Durable

  Termination Policy:    Halt

  Topology:

    Group:

      Base Server ID:  100

      Name:            d7f38430-d9ee-464b-af43-da9efa26fe02

    Mode:              GroupReplication

  Version:             8.0.21

Status:

  Conditions:

    Last Transition Time:  2021-03-11T02:03:39Z

    Message:               The KubeDB operator has started the provisioning of MySQL: op/mysql-group-test

    Reason:                DatabaseProvisioningStartedSuccessfully

    Status:                True

    Type:                  ProvisioningStarted

    Last Transition Time:  2021-03-11T02:21:17Z

    Message:               All desired replicas are ready.

    Reason:                AllReplicasReady

    Status:                True

    Type:                  ReplicaReady

    Last Transition Time:  2021-03-11T02:03:49Z

    Message:               The MySQL: op/mysql-group-test is accepting client requests.

    Observed Generation:   2

    Reason:                DatabaseAcceptingConnectionRequest

    Status:                True

    Type:                  AcceptingConnection

    Last Transition Time:  2021-03-11T02:21:17Z

    Message:               The MySQL: op/mysql-group-test is ready.

    Observed Generation:   2

    Reason:                ReadinessCheckSucceeded

    Status:                True

    Type:                  Ready

    Last Transition Time:  2021-03-11T02:21:18Z

    Message:               The MySQL: op/mysql-group-test is successfully provisioned.

    Observed Generation:   2

    Reason:                DatabaseSuccessfullyProvisioned

    Status:                True

    Type:                  Provisioned

  Observed Generation:     2

  Phase:                   Ready

Events:

  Type    Reason      Age    From             Message

  ----    ------      ----   ----             -------

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully created governing service

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully created service for primary/standalone

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully created service for secondary replicas

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully created database auth secret

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully created StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully created appbinding

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  17m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  13m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  11m    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  7m39s  KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  102s   KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  16s    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  16s    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

  Normal  Successful  16s    KubeDB Operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet

从以上输出可以看到，集群部署完毕。

验证数据库

1、获取root用户名密码

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl get secrets -n op mysql-group-test-auth  -o jsonpath='{.data.\username}' | base64 -d

root

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl get secrets -n op mysql-group-test-auth  -o jsonpath='{.data.\password}' | base64 -d

8(wVGGRfF4iQq1Zt

2、查看mysql pod 列表

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl get pods -n op -l app.kubernetes.io/instance=mysql-group-test  -o jsonpath='{range.items[*]}{.metadata.name} ........... {.status.podIP} ............ {.metadata.name}.my-group-gvr.{.metadata.namespace}{"\t\n"}{end}'

mysql-group-test-0 ........... 100.64.147.157 ............ mysql-group-test-0.my-group-gvr.op

mysql-group-test-1 ........... 100.98.174.219 ............ mysql-group-test-1.my-group-gvr.op

mysql-group-test-2 ........... 100.64.122.198 ............ mysql-group-test-2.my-group-gvr.op

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl get svc -n op

NAME                       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE

mysql-group-test           ClusterIP   10.108.25.179   <none>        3306/TCP   43m

mysql-group-test-pods      ClusterIP   None            <none>        3306/TCP   43m

mysql-group-test-standby   ClusterIP   10.101.164.49   <none>        3306/TCP   43m

3、现在可以使用获取到的信息连接数据库

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl exec -it -n op mysql-group-test-0 -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password="8(wVGGRfF4iQq1Zt"  --host=10.108.25.179  -e "select 1;"

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

+---+

| 1 |

+---+

| 1 |

+---+

4、检查集群状态

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl exec -it -n op mysql-group-test-0 -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password="8(wVGGRfF4iQq1Zt"  --host=10.108.25.179  -e "show status like '%primary%'"

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| Variable_name                    | Value                                |

+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| group_replication_primary_member | 596744e1-820e-11eb-8425-f2f48f05462c |

+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 mysql]# kubectl exec -it -n op mysql-group-test-0 -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password="8(wVGGRfF4iQq1Zt"  --host=10.108.25.179  -e "select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members"

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST                                 | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

| group_replication_applier | 18b45cbd-820f-11eb-8060-9a70fb141a1f | mysql-group-test-1.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.21         |

| group_replication_applier | 1dd5699c-8210-11eb-b13a-9a07d15a7e1f | mysql-group-test-2.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.21         |

| group_replication_applier | 596744e1-820e-11eb-8425-f2f48f05462c | mysql-group-test-0.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.21         |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

5、故障测试

我现在把PRIMARY的mysql-group-test-0 pod删除，然后再查看集群信息，mysql-group-test-1会提升为PRIMARY

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 ~]# kubectl delete po  mysql-group-test-0 -n op

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 ~]# kubectl exec -it -n op mysql-group-test-0 -n op -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password="8(wVGGRfF4iQq1Zt"  --host=10.108.25.179  -e "select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members"

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST                                 | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

| group_replication_applier | 18b45cbd-820f-11eb-8060-9a70fb141a1f | mysql-group-test-1.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.21         |

| group_replication_applier | 1dd5699c-8210-11eb-b13a-9a07d15a7e1f | mysql-group-test-2.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.21         |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

等待一段时间 mysql-group-test-0起来以后，角色就变成SECONDARY

[root@qd01-stop-k8s-master001 ~]# kubectl exec -it -n op mysql-group-test-0 -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password="8(wVGGRfF4iQq1Zt"  --host=10.108.25.179  -e "select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members"

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST                                 | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

| group_replication_applier | 18b45cbd-820f-11eb-8060-9a70fb141a1f | mysql-group-test-1.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.21         |

| group_replication_applier | 1dd5699c-8210-11eb-b13a-9a07d15a7e1f | mysql-group-test-2.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.21         |

| group_replication_applier | 596744e1-820e-11eb-8425-f2f48f05462c | mysql-group-test-0.mysql-group-test-pods.op |        3306 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.21         |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+

注意：因为本文部署是使用的是GroupReplication模式（目前kubed只支持这种模式），只能从PRIMARY节点写入数据，所有节点都可以读取数据；如下图所示。

如果想使用集群模式，参见以前的文章

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